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국내 민간병원에서 치료한 다제내성결핵 환자의 치료 결과 및 예후 인자
박진경 ( Jin Kyeong Park ),고원중 ( Won-Jung Koh ),김덕겸 ( Deog Kyeom Kim ),김은경 ( Eun Kyung Kim ),김유일 ( Yu Il Kim ),김희진 ( Hee Jin Kim ),김태형 ( Tae-Hyung Kim ),김재열 ( Jae Yeol Kim ),박무석 ( Moo Suk Park ),박이내 ( I- 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2010 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.69 No.2
Background: The increasing rate of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a threat to the public health and TB control. In Korea, about 75~80% of TB patients are treated in private hospitals and the rate has been continuously increasing since 2000. Methods: On a retrospective basis, we enrolled 170 newly diagnosed with or retreated for multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in 2004 from 21 private hospitals. We extracted the following demographics and treatment history from patient medical records: initial treatment outcomes, cumulative survival rates, treatment outcomes, and prognostic factors. Results: Of the 170 patients, the majority were male (64.1%), the mean age was 44.5 years old, and mean body-mass-index was 20.2kg/m2. None of the patients tested positive for HIV. Eleven (6.5%) were confirmed to have extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) at treatment initiation. Treatment success rates were not different between XDR-TB (36.4%, 4/11) and non-XDR MDR-TB (51.6%, 82/159). Default rate was high, 21.8% (37/170). Far advanced disease on X-ray was a significant negative predictor of treatment success; advanced disease and low BMI were risk factors for all-cause mortality. Conclusion: In private hospitals in Korea, the proportion of XDR-TB in MDR-TB was comparable to previous data. The treatment success rate of MDR-/XDR-TB remains poor and the failure rate was quite high. Adequate TB control policies should be strengthened to prevent the further development and spread of MDR-/XDR-TB in Korea.
김기한(Kim Gi Han),김덕일(Kim Deog Il) 한국사회체육학회 2003 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.20 No.2
The objective of this study is to examine closely" The Effects of Participation Frequency in Tennis Community Clubs on Satisfaction Level of Leisure". On the purpose of this study, cluster and random sampling method which set up 343 members of tennis community clubs residing in the city of Daegu as research objects was applied to collect data. In addition to that, collected data was coded through using one of the statistical software packages, SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), and then statistical analysis under research hypotheses was performed. Frequency analysis, x²-test, T-Test, one-way ANOVA(one-way analysis of variance), multiple regression analysis, etc belonged to applied statistical methods for this study. Research hypotheses was tested under these like procedures to produce final outcomes. Following conclusions based on the final outcomes of this study are reached. First, men participants have high tendencies that they performed 1 time per week for participation frequency, more than 2 hours for participation performance level, and continuously participated for the period covering 4 to 5 years or more than 5 years. With respect to women participants, they have high tendencies that they performed 2 to 3 times per week for participation frequency, less than 1 hour for participation performance level, and participated for the period covering 4 to 5 years. Although the participation frequency of men participants was low, when they participated in the tennis community clubs one time, they tended to participate at high participation performance level. Meanwhile, although the participation performance level of women participants was low, they tended to regularly participate in the tennis community clubs 2 to 3 times per week for more than 4 years. The participants graduated from high schools have high tendencies that they participated 1 time per week for participation frequency, and continuously participated for more than 5 years, whereas the participants graduated from universities have high tendencies that they participated 2 to 3 times per week for participation frequency, and generally participated for more than 5 years. From the analytical viewpoint of participants` martial status, married participants have high tendencies that they participated less than 1 hour for participation performance level, and generally participated 2 to 3 times per week, whereas unmarried participants generally participated 1 time per week. Also, from the analytical viewpoint of participants` ages, the participants over 30`s to 40`s or more have high tendencies that they participated 4 times for participation frequency, and generally participated for 4 to 5 years. Secondly, satisfaction level of leisure covering men participants are high in psychological, educational and relaxative aspects, meanwhile satisfaction level of leisure covering women participants are high in social aspects. With respect to the participants over 30`s to 40`s or more, participants graduated from universities, participants of low standard of living, married participants, athletes, non experienced participants, etc, they have highly social satisfaction levels of leisure. On the other hand, With respect to participants graduated from high schools, participants of middle standard of living, unmarried participants, etc, they have high satisfaction levels of leisure concerning psychological, educational, relaxative, and physical aspects. Thirdly, participation performance level gives affirmative effects on the educational satisfaction level of leisure, and participation frequency gives negative effects on the psychological and educational satisfaction level of leisure. Also, participation period gives greatest effects on the satisfaction level of leisure of the members of tennis community clubs, and gives affirmative effects on psychological and educational satisfaction level of leisure, meanwhile it gives negative effects on social, relaxative, a
헬리콥터 주로터 블레이드의 동적밸런싱 시험에 대한 데이터베이스 설계 및 적용
윤병일(Byung-Il Yoon),백승길(Seung-Kil Paek),송근웅(Keun-Woong Song),김덕관(Deog-Kwan Kim) 한국항공우주학회 2019 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.47 No.8
헬리콥터 주로터 블레이드의 동적 밸런싱 시험은 헬리콥터의 비행시험 전 각 블레이드의 트랙과 피치로드 하중을 동일한 수준으로 조절하기 위해 수행되는 지상회전시험이다. 이러한 동적밸런싱 시험의 목적은 블레이드 간 특성차이로 인해 나타나는 주로터 시스템 진동을 감소시키기 위함이다. 고흥 항공센터의 훨타워 시험설비에서는 오랜 기간에 걸쳐 수리온 주로터 블레이드에 대한 동적밸런싱 시험을 수행하고 데이터를 축적해 왔다. 이에 데이터양이 점차 방대해짐에 따라 시험결과를 효율적으로 관리하기 위한 데이터베이스 프로그램의 개발의 필요성이 제기되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 훨타워 시험설비에서 수행한 동적밸런싱 시험결과를 바탕으로 구축한 데이터베이스 시스템에 대해 기술하였다. 본 연구에서 구현된 데이터베이스 시스템은 동적밸런싱 시험 결과를 각 정보별로 논리적으로 모델링하고 각각의 데이터가 상호 관계를 이룰 수 있도록 연결하여 관계형 구조를 이루도록 설계되었다. 아울러 본 논문을 통해 기 설계된 데이터베이스 시스템이 동적밸런싱 시험 결과의 축적과 시험 결과 분석에 효과적으로 활용될 수 있음을 보였다. The dynamic balancing test of helicopter main rotor blades is a blade rotation test conducted on the ground to make the track of each blade and the load on each pitch rod to a similar level before the flight tests. The purpose of the test is to reduce the vibration occurring on main rotor system as a result of dissimilarity of each blade. The RTB test has been performed for a long period at Whirl Tower Test Facility located in Goheung Flight Centre, accumulating its data. As the amount of the results has become increasingly enormous the needs for the development of database system has been raised to manage the data with effective method. This research aimed to describe the development of Dynamic-Balancing Database System for the RTB test results. For the design of the database system the informations of RTB test results have been categorized into properties, connecting each others according to its logical meaning, and comprised into a database system with relational elements. It has been shown in this paper that the Dynamic Balancing database system enables to effectively accumulate the RTB test data and to be utilized for the data analysis.
SPR(Stereo Pattern Recognition) 기법을 이용한 동축 로터 블레이드의 변형에 대한 실험적 연구
유찬호(Chanho Yoo),윤병일(Byung-Il Yoon),채상현(Sanghyun Chae),김도형(Do-Hyung Kim),김덕관(Deog-Kwan Kim) 한국항공우주학회 2020 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.48 No.8
동축 로터 시스템은 기존의 헬리콥터뿐만 아니라 드론, PAV, 차세대 고속 회전익기 및 화성탐사용 헬리콥터에 적용되는 등, 활용 분야가 점점 넓어지고 있다. 로터 시스템의 성능 연구는 기존 연구에서 동축 로터를 대상으로도 여러 차례 수행되었으나, 로터 블레이드의 변형에 대한 연구는 주로 단일 로터 시스템만을 대상으로 진행되었다. 하지만 동축 로터 시스템에서는 주변에서 발생하는 유동이 복잡하며, 두 로터의 간격이 로터 시스템 전체의 성능에 주요한 영향을 주므로 블레이드의 변형 연구가 더욱 중요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 최신식 고속 영상촬영 기법 중 하나인 SPR(Stereo Pattern Recognition) 기법을 사용해 동축 로터 블레이드의 변형 측정에 대한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에는 한국항공우주연구원에서 개발한 축소 동축 로터 시험장치가 사용되었으며, 로터 블레이드의 변형과 성능의 연관성을 고찰하기 위해 동축 로터 시스템의 성능시험이 선행되었다. 해당 시스템의 로터 블레이드 변형을 SPR 기법으로 측정한 결과는 사전에 진행된 성능시험 결과와 함께 본 논문에 제시되었다. These days, the coaxial rotor system is used for various purposes like UAVs, Mars exploration helicopters, and the next-generation high-speed rotorcraft. A number of research projects on aerodynamic performance of rotor systems, including the coaxial configuration have been made previously. On the contrary, research on rotor blade deformation has been mainly carried out regarding the single rotor system, where such effort has not been enough on the coaxial system. Nonetheless, in case of the coaxial system, blade deformation analysis is much more important because of the complex air flow around the rotors, and that the distance between the two rotors is a key factor affects aerodynamic performance of the entire system. For these reasons, an experimental study on rotor blade deformation of the coaxial system was conducted using the Stereo Pattern Recognition(SPR) technique, one of the state-of-the-art of photogrammetry method. In this research, a small-scale coaxial rotor test stand designed by Korea Aerospace Research Institute(KARI) was used. With the same test stand, performance of the coaxial configuration had been studied before the experimental study on blade deformation, in order to find the relation between performance and blade deformation of the rotor system. Results of the performance test and the deformation study are presented in this article.
Toll-Like Receptor 2 유전자의 Microsatellite 유전자 다형성과 만성폐쇄성폐질환 발생과의 연관성 결여
이희석 ( Hee Seok Lee ),이혜원 ( Hye Won Lee ),김덕겸 ( Deog Kyeom Kim ),고동석 ( Dong Seok Ko ),박근민 ( Gun Min Park ),황용일 ( Yong Il Hwang ),이상민 ( Sang Min Lee ),유철규 ( Chul Gyu Yoo ),김영환 ( Young Whan Kim ),한성구 ( S 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2005 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.58 No.4