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Alexander Pope 硏究 : 그의 '人間과 詩' His Man and Poetry
金大源 西原大學校 1989 西原大學 論文集 Vol.24 No.-
The purpose of this study is to help in evaluating Pope's poetical works and their achievements more correctly than before. There was some very slippery going during much of the nineteenth century, and it has given many readers some reason to rate him very low on the scale of understanding what he was saying. Pope, however, seem to be back on solid ground today, and it encourages me to study his poetry and write this little article with conviction. An Essay on Man, as its title suggests, is a disertation in a form of epistle to his intimate friend, Bolingbroke. Pope intended to presented his ideas on the Universe, the Nature, Man, and Society by using poetic methods, since the brevity made possible by poetic images that condense and compress what it might have taken a philosopher pages of papers to define. The Essay consists of four Epistles; Epistles; Epistle I. is concerned with Man and the Universe. In th Epistle Pope suggests where Man should be placed between the Universe and the lower part of the Nature. Epistle Ⅱ. is concerned with Man's abilities, weaknesses, emotions, and his nature which Pope conceived as belonging to 'the middle kind'. Epistle Ⅲ.Shows us that the world is a 'Great Chain' that binds all things to one another in an interdependent society. Man, suggests the Epistle, would be foolish if he were to suppose that the earth existed for his good alone, since happiness is visibly enjoyed by all created things. In Epistle Ⅳ.An Essay on Man turns to a study of Man with respect to happiness. The benefits of happiness are obvious, 'in no extreme they dwell', and right thinking and good intentions can bring it into being. It must be noted that all these abstract pieces of his argument Pope catches up like his predecessors in the metaphor of harmoney-from discord that has influenced western thinking for more than twenty centuries.
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THE MILLIMETER-RADIO EMISSION OF BL LACERTAE DURING TWO γ-RAY OUTBURSTS
김대원,Sascha Trippe,이상성,박종호,김재영,Juan Carlos Algaba Marcos,Jeffrey A. Hodgson,KINOMOTOKI,Guang-Yao Zhao,Kiyoaki Wajima,강신철,오정환,이태석,변도영,김순욱,김정숙 한국천문학회 2017 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.50 No.6
We present a study of the inexplicit connection between radio jet activity and $\gamma$-ray emission of BL Lacertae (BL Lac; 2200+420). We analyze the long-term millimeter activity of BL Lac via interferometric observations with the Korean VLBI Network (KVN) obtained at 22, 43, 86, and 129 GHz simultaneously over three years (from January 2013 to March 2016); during this time, two $\gamma$-ray outbursts (in November 2013 and March 2015) can be seen in $\gamma$-ray light curves obtained from \emph{Fermi} observations. The KVN radio core is optically thick at least up to 86 GHz; there is indication that it might be optically thin at higher frequencies. To first order, the radio light curves decay exponentially over the time span covered by our observations, with decay timescales of 411$\pm$85 days, 352$\pm$79 days, 310$\pm$57 days, and 283$\pm$55 days at 22, 43, 86, and 129 GHz, respectively. Assuming synchrotron cooling, a cooling time of around one year is consistent with magnetic field strengths $B\sim2\,\mu$T and electron Lorentz factors $\gamma\sim10\,000$. Taking into account that our formal measurement errors include intrinsic variability and thus over-estimate the statistical uncertainties, we find that the decay timescale $\tau$ scales with frequency $\nu$ like $\tau\propto\nu^{-0.2}$. This relation is much shallower than the one expected from opacity effects (core shift), but in agreement with the (sub-)mm radio core being a standing recollimation shock. We do not find convincing radio flux counterparts to the $\gamma$-ray outbursts. The spectral evolution is consistent with the `generalized shock model' of \citet{valtaoja1992}. A temporary increase in the core opacity and the emergence of a knot around the time of the second $\gamma$-ray event indicate that this $\gamma$-ray outburst might be an `orphan' flare powered by the `ring of fire' mechanism.
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김대원,장성호,강성돈 대한신경과학회 2011 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.7 No.3
Background The main treatment for acute arterial ischemic stroke is intravenous or intra-arterial thrombolysis within a particular time window. Endovascular mechanical embolectomy is another treatment option in the case of major artery occlusion. Endovascular mechanical embolectomy is a useful technique for restoring blood flow in patients with large-vessel occlusion,and especially in those who are contraindicated for thrombolytics or in whom thrombolytic therapy has failed. Case Report We report herein two cases of emergency microsurgical embolectomy for the treatment of acute middle cerebral artery and internal carotid artery occlusion as an alternative treatment for major artery occlusion. Conclusions Emergency microsurgical mechanical embolectomy may be an alternative treatment option for restoring blood flow in selected patients with large-vessel acute ischemic stroke.
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김대원,나현진,김신영,김현옥 대한진단검사의학회 2019 Laboratory Medicine Online Vol.9 No.1
Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) is recently becoming more important than transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) in terms of the number of patients with definite diagnosis as well as its prognosis. In order to diagnose TACO, it is helpful to recognize early the symptoms suspicious of transfusion reaction through electronic medical record system and computer network, and this will be of help for obtaining samples for brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) measurement before and after the onset of transfusion reaction. We report a case in which a transfusion reaction was diagnosed as TACO. A 62-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency room due to bleeding tendency. Two fresh frozen plasma units and one unit of leukocyte-reduced red blood cells were transfused. Blood pressure increased during transfusion, and the chest X-ray showed findings suggestive of newly developed pulmonary edema. N-terminal prohormone of BNP (NT-proBNP) test was carried out using the specimens in refrigerated storage. Compared with the NT-proBNP level measured 12 hours before the transfusion, that measured 6 hours after the transfusion was markedly increased (>48 fold of pre-transfusion level). As a result, this case was diagnosed with TACO. 수혈관련 순환량과다는 최근 수혈관련 급성폐손상보다 확진 환자 수 및 예후 면에서 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 수혈관련 순환량과 다를 진단하기 위해서는 전산화된 의무기록 및 구축된 전산망을 통해 수혈 이상 반응으로 의심되는 증상에 대한 빠른 파악이 도움이 되며, 이는 수혈 이상 반응 전후 검체 확보 및 BNP 측정에도 도움을 준다. 본 저자들은이 증례를 통해 수혈관련 순환량과다로 진단할 수 있었던 사례를 보고하고자 한다. 62세 여자 환자가 출혈 경향으로 인해 응급실로 내원하였다. 신선동결혈장 2단위와 백혈구제거적혈구 1단위 수혈을 시행하였다. 수혈 도중 혈압이 증가하였고, 흉부 X 선 촬영에서 폐부종 소견이 새롭게 관찰되었다. NT-proBNP 검사를 위해 냉장보관 중인 검체를 확보하였다. NT-proBNP는 수혈 전 12 시간 시점보다 수혈 후 6 시간 시점에서 현저히 (수혈 전 대비 > 48 배) 상승하였다. 결과적으로 본 증례는 수혈관련 순환량과다로 진단되었다.
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지역사회 평생교육을 고려한 학교시설의 개방과 복합화 방향 모색 - 제주지역 초·중등학교를 대상으로 -
김대원,이재림,Kim, Dae-Won,Lee, Jae-Rim 한국교육녹색환경연구원 2007 교육·녹색환경연구 Vol.6 No.2
The knowledge-based 21st century requires lifelong education for the development of qualification of man's life and self-development. Schools are considered a place of lifelong education due to easy access to human resources as well as facilities. Furthermore, schools need a more multi-functional openness in order to lead lifelong education of the local society. Jeju schools are in the early stages of creating multi-functional facilities to meet to the needs of the knowledge-based 21st century. In order to bring change into the local school s, this needs to be solved. therefore, the purpose of this research is to complement the elements to needed to open schools, project, management, and operation of multi-functional facilities, so that schools can play a role In lifelong education. To achieve this purpose, this research examined programs and the area of lifelong education at schools through investigating documents on the definition of local society and lifelong education, and analyzed the relationship of schools and local society, and public access of schools' facilities. The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1) Comparing to traditional middle and high school facilities, it occurs various types of plane and the area is somewhat expanded in the school with same class size, however, it needs to improve facility standards in its reality to deal with the change of future educational environment actively. 2) Spatial composition of educational facilities should functionally designed considering that the characteristics of design process mood. In facilities arrangement of middle and high schools, it shows diverse forms of arrangement from existing uniform straight type, however, most of schools do not being against the simple in their external space. Therefore, it requires an expansion of space size and facilities for the change of school life outside class.
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