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한글의 자소-음소 변환과 관련된 뇌 영역: 기능자기공명영상 연구
김광기,이승환,김성훈 대한치매학회 2008 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.7 No.2
Background: Hangeul is a phonographic script, and it is written with adequate arrangements of vowel(s) and consonant(s). This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to show the brain areas involved in the grapheme-phoneme conversion system. Methods: Images were acquired using a 1.5T scanner from twelve right-handed normal participants (M:F= 10:2) while they performed two kinds of visual decision-making tasks. The mean age of the subjects was 27.6±3.1 years. In the first condition, two one-syllable words that had no meaning but could be read were displayed. In the second condition two arrangements of vowel(s) and consonant(s) that could not be read were displayed on a screen. Participants were asked to determine whether the two were the same or different. All participants responded by pushing buttons, and all reaction times and errors were recorded for every participant. Data analyses were performed based on a general linear model. Results: Areas showing greater activation under the second condition than under the first included the bilateral lateral occipital cortices and the right parietal cortex (FDR corrected p<0.05). However, none of the activated areas showed more significant activation under the first condition than under the second. Conclusions: These results suggest that the known grapheme-phoneme conversion system for Hangeul words might be located in both the posterior temporo-occipital and right parietal cortices.
수면 무호흡 환자에서의 단서에 따른 주관적인 과거 및 미래 기억 이상의 차이: 설문 연구
김광기,남현우,변은희 대한수면연구학회 2009 Journal of sleep medicine Vol.6 No.2
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common and causes cognitive dysfunction including memory failure. This study examined the subjective failure frequencies of retrospective and prospective memory when there were two different cues (self- and environmental-cued) in patients with OSA using questionnaire. Method: Forty-three patients who underwent polysomnography and were diagnosed as OSA were included. The OSA patients were categorized into 3 groups based on the scores of the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). All patients answered the questionnaire of 16 questions. The questions were divided into four categories as a result of the combination of memory type (prospective and retrospective memory) and cueing (self-cue vs. environmentally-cued). Results: All patient groups showed subjective memory failure in both retrospective and prospective memory. The subjective memory failure frequency of the self-cued condition was higher than the environmentally-cued condition when patients in the retrospective memory condition. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in the prospective memory condition. Conclusion: OSA patients have dysfunction in both retrospective and prospective memory. The pattern of dysfunction is different depending on the kind of cue.