物理檢層에 의한 慶尙系 堆積巖類의 特性硏究

권병두,구자학 한국지구과학회 1983 韓國地球科學會誌 Vol.4 No.1

The physical characteristics of the sedimentary rocks developed in the Gyeongsang basin have been studied based on the geophysical logs which include SP, single electrode resistance, gamma ray, density and caliper logs. The rock sequences penetrated by the borehole, located in the Namji area, are portions of the Chilgok Formation and Jinju Formation which are the base of the Hayang Group and the top of the Sindong Group respectively. Although five different rock types are described on the core log, the boundaries between such rocks are not clearly indicated on the geophysical logs. It is quite apparent that such poorly sorted sediments have non-marine origin and have been severely compacted and almost completely cemented through the diagenesis process. The gamma and SP logs show that the clay content of the formation slightly increases with depth. The organic rich black shale zone of 4m thickness is clearly identified on the gamma-ray log in the top part of the Jinju Formation. The bulk density determined from the density log is about 2.6g/㎤ and does not show much variation between different rock types. This value is close to the expected matrix density of the rock sequences and the rocks are appeared to have very low porosity. The resistivity curve also does not show any clear differences according to the described rock types. This fact also indicates that both shales and sandstones have been severely altered through the diagenesis. The low resistivity peaks and the corresponding large SP deflections are appeared against the fracture zones which are clearly identified on the caliper log. The dominance of such electrokinetic potential over the electrochemical potential also indicates that the permeability of the rocks is very poor.

Application of the 3D Discrete Wavelet Transformation Scheme to Remotely Sensed Image Classification

권병두,이기원,유희영 대한원격탐사학회 2007 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.23 No.5

난지도 매립지 및 그 주변의 지질환경 연구: 중력 및 자력탐사

권병두,김차섭,정호준,오석훈,Kwon, Byung-Doo,Kim, Cha-Seop,Chung, Ho-Joon,Oh, Seok-Hoon 대한자원환경지질학회 1995 자원환경지질 Vol.28 No.5

Gravity and magnetic surveys were carried out to investigate the three-dimensional configuration and characteristics of the landfills at Nanjido waste disposal site. For terrain correction and three-dimensional density inversion of gravity data an algorithm, which calculates the gravity effect of a three-dimensional body by using the solid angle method, is developed. This algorithm has been proved to give more accurate terrain correction values for the small survey area having varied topography like Nanjido site as compared with widely used methods such as Hammer's method and multiquadric equation method. Density inversion of gravity anomaly data gives very useful information about the lateral and vertical variation of the landfills, which can be used to discriminate the kinds of wastes. The average density of filled materials appears to be $1.7\;g/cm^3$ which is much higher than the value $(0.8\;g/cm^3)$ estimated by Seoul City. The lateral variation of density shows high correlation with the pattern of ongoing depression of the landfills. The northern region of the landfill no. 1, which shows low density and high depression, is closely associated with the industrial waste and sludge filled area. The magnetic anomaly data provide information about relative concentration of magnetic materials, which is also very useful to investigate characteristics of the fills. Several high positive anomaly regions on the reduced-to-pole magnetic anomaly map are appeared to be associated with the industrial waste fills, but certain industrial waste fills show low negative anomalies. This kind of magnetic information can be used in selecting drilling locations over landfills away from buried metal products during the stabilization process.

매립물 특성 조사를 위한 다변량 통계분석 기법의 응용

권병두,김차섭,Kwon, Byung-Doo,Kim, Cha-Soup 한국지구과학회 1997 韓國地球科學會誌 Vol.18 No.6

난지도 매립장 매립물의 특성을 조사하기 위해서 중력, 자력, LandSat TM 열적외선 밴드 자료, 매립장의 표면에서 측정한 침하량 자료 등을 다변량 통계분석기법을 응용하여 분석하였다. 분석에 이용한 자료들은 각기 상이한 깊이에 관한 정보를 제공하기 때문에 측정된 총 자력자료와 중력자료는 자극화변환된 자력이상과 매립장의 3차원 밀도분포로 각기 전환하였으며, 본 연구에서는 이 중 매립장의 상부층에 관한 정보를 이용하였다. 통계분석은 침하량 측정 지점들을 대상으로 수행하였으며, 이들 지점에서의 자극화변환 자력이상, 매립물의 밀도, LandSat TM 열적외선 밴드 값들은 내삽방법을 이용하여 구하였다. 자료분석에 사용한 다변량 통계분석 기법은 개체간의 기하학적인 거리를 이용하여 군집화하는 집락분석으로, 개체간의 거리 계산시 각 자료간의 상이한 측정단위가 주는 효과를 제거하기 위해서 사전에 표준화를 실시하였다. 군집화는 체계적 군집화 방법을 이용하여 수행하였다. 물리적 특성을 바탕으로 분류된 최적의 군집수는 수상도에서 나타난 결과에 따르면 총 6개의 군집으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 통합된 지구물리자료에 다변량 통계분석 기법을 적용함으로써 복합적 인 쓰레기 매립장의 특성 규명이 가능함을 시사한다. To investigate the nature of the waste materials in the Nanjido Landfill, we have conducted multivariate statistical analysis of geophysical data set comprised of magnetic, gravity, LandSat TM thermal band and surface depression measurement data. Because these data sets show different responses to the depth, we have transformed the observed total field magnetic data and gravity data to the residual reduced-to-pole(RTP) magnetic anomalies and the three dimensional density anomalies, respectively, and utilized the informations about the upper shallow part of the landfills only in the following process. For the statistical analysis at the points of depression measurement, the magnetic, density and LandSat data values at these points are determined by interpolation process. Since the multivarite statistical analysis technique utilizes a clustering algorithm for classification of data set and we have measured the dissimilarity between objects by using Euclidean distance, standardization was applied prior to distance calculation in order to eliminate any scaling effects due to different measurement unit of each data set. The hierarchial grouping technique was used to construct the dendrogram. The optimum number of statistical groups(clusters), which are classified on the basis of geophysical and geotechnical characteristics, appeared to be six on the resulting dendrogram. The result of this study suggests that the dimension and nature of the multicomponent waste landfills can be identified by application of the multivarite statistical analysis technique to integrated geophysical data sets.

胃에 發生한 平滑筋肉腫이 二例

權炳斗 全南大醫大 1975 전남의대학술지 Vol.12 No.1

언양 일대 양산단층에서의 지구물리학적 반응

권병두,이희순,이춘기,박계순,오석훈,이덕기 한국지구과학회 2005 한국지구과학회지 Vol.26 No.5

We have performed multiple geophysical surveys comprised of gravity, magnetic and resistivity methods at theYangsan fault zone which runs through the Eonyang area, the eastern part of Kyeongsang in southeast Korea. The gravityand magnetic data provide information about geological structures. Furthermore, sections of electrical resistivity show thesharp contrast of electrical resistivity distribution across the fault zone. Since the fractured zone tends to be morefault zone. We have made gravity measurements at a total of 71 points alongside two profiles across the fault zone, andcarried out an electrical resistivity survey with a dipole-dipole array at the same location using 40m dipole length. Inaddition, we have analyzed the aeromagnetic data on the corresponding area. The multiple geophysical properties appearto be abruptly changed in electrical resistivity, gravity and aeromagneticclearly show the different appearance across thefault zone. The fault is identified by its sub vertical attitude which is well known in the Yangsan fault zone. We havealso confirmed that the magnitude of the response of the fault is much larger in the southern part of the survey area thanthe northern area. These results most likely to provide basic information for the further studies about the physicalproperties and the structures at the Yangsan fault.......... Yangsan fault, Gravity, Aeromagnetic, Resistivity. . : ... ... ..... ... ... .. .. .... .. .... .. .. ... ..... . . 한반도남동부경상분지의동부에위치한언양지역일대에서양산단층대에대한물리탐사를수행하였다. 본연구에사용된물리탐사의종류는중력과전기비저항탐사이며한국지질자원연구원에서수행된항공자력탐사자료를분석하였다. 양산단층대중언양지역을가로지르는 2개의측선을따라총 71개측점에서중력을측정하였으며, 동일한위치에서쌍극자배열을이용한전기비저항탐사를수행하였다. 또한, 이지역의광역적인지질구조를살펴보기위하여항공자력탐사자료를분석하였다. 탐사결과는예상단층선을따라동서지역의전기비저항, 밀도및자력의분포가서로다른양상으로발달하여있음을보여주고있다. 탐사지역을가로지르는단층의모습은수직으로잘발달되어있으며, 단층선을따라파쇄대가자리잡고있음을알수있는데이는선행연구의결과와일치하고있다. 또한중력 자료의경우탐사지역의북쪽에비해남쪽에서단층반응의크기가커짐을확인할수있다. 본연구의성과는앞으로양산단층의특성을연구하는다른연구들의기초자료로사용될수있을것이다.

부평 칼데라의 중력연구

권병두,황회승 한국지구과학회 1991 韓國地球科學會誌 Vol.12 No.3

Gravity survey was conducted to investigate subsurface structure of the Bupyung caldera. Two profiles of about 23 ㎞ and 21㎞ length were chosen across the caldera and gravity values were measured at 333 points on those profiles. The regional gravity trend of the survey area is mainly attributed to isostasy. The maximum negative gravity anomaly over the caldera appears to be -8.5m gal. Gravity profiles were analyzed and interpreted by using power spectrum analysis, Marquardt-Levenberg inversion and ideal-body inversion methods. The result of 2-D inversion shows the existence of the low density structure of about 8km surface width and 3km depth under the caldera. Since the caldera has three dimensional, 2-D gravity inversion results in relatively large error as compared with 3-D modeling. Fortran subroutine was coded to calculate the gravity anomalies caused by 3-D subsurface bodies. The result of 3-D modeling shows the Bupyeong caldera can be approximated by basin-shaped low density body whose depth reaches to 3㎞. At this depth level we assume that there exist a nearly flat boundary between granite batholith and metamorphic rock out side of the caldera. The negative anomaly of Bupyeong caldera appears to be caused by density contrast between low-density granite inside the caldera and surrounding metamorphic complex. Relationship between the defect mass and the diameter of Bupyeong caldera satisfies general relationship observed in world-wide volcanic calderas.

남극 킹죠지섬 바톤반도 지역의 자력 탐사 연구

권병두,좌용주,이기원 한국지구과학회 1992 韓國地球科學會誌 Vol.13 No.1

A magnetic survey was carried out at the Barton Peninsula in King George Island, Antarctica. To analyze geological features in the study area, several filtering methods in 2-dimensional wavenumber domain were used. The Barton Horst associated with volcanic activities is well revealed on the low-pass filtered anomaly map. Possible existence of small volcanic plugs or, presumably, mineralized zones are apparent at northern parts and south-western part by reduction-to-the-pole and pseudo-gravity filtering. On the 1st vertical derivative and directional filtered anomaly maps, the geological boundaries on the surface are well identified, and fault strikes along E-W or NW-SE direction appeared to be mostly dominant throughout the study area. Density and susceptibility mapping were performed using the inversion method. The apparent densities of tuffaceous rocks distributed in the southern parts and those of quartz-diorite or crystal tuff in the northern parts were computed as values up to about 2.69 g/㎤ and 2.73 g/㎤, respectively, and the apparent susceptibilities of those rocks are appeared to be about 250 × 10^(-6) CGS and 1870 × 10^(-6) CGS, respectively. These results are in accordant with those of samples measured by Garrett(1990). Therefore, it is concluded that the studied area of the Barton peninsula has been influenced by crustal movement associated with active volcanism and the surface lithology is extended to the considerable depth.

제주도에 분포하는 화산암의 물리적특성

권병두,정호준 한국지구과학회 1993 지구과학교육 학술발표회 Vol.1993 No.-

경기육괴내 주요 단층대의 지구물리학적 연구: 공주분지의 중력 및 지전기 탐사

권병두,정경자,박창업,Kwon Byung-Doo,Jung Gyung-Ja,Baag Chang-Eob 한국석유지질학회 1994 한국석유지질학회지 Vol.2 No.2

경기육괴와 옥천대의 경계부분에 위치한 백악기 퇴적분지인 공주분지의 조구조운동의 특성과 지하구조를 해석하기 위하여 분지를 가로지르는 측선을 2개 설정하여 중력탐사를 실시하고, 분지의 경계를 이루는 두 단층선에 대하여 파쇄대의 발달상태를 확인하기 위하여 쌍극자 비저항탐사를 실시하였다. 부우게이상을 구하기 위한 중력자료의 처리과정에서 원추형프리즘 모형을 이용하여 지형보정값을 계산함으로써 경사가 급한 지역에서의 보정의 효과를 향상시켰다. 중력자료의 정량적해석을 위하여 역산 및 순산모델링 (forward modeling)을 실시하였으며, 전기탐사자료를 처리하여 비저항단면도를 얻었다. 중력모델링 결과, 공주분지는 중앙부의 폭이 약 $4{\cal}km$, 남동부의 폭이 약 $2.5{\cal}km$로 지표에서 보이는 바와 같은 마름모형태로 나타났다. 분지의 깊이는 약 $700{\~}400{\cal}m$로 중앙부의 기반이 솟아오른 형태를 보이는데, 이것은 분지가 형성된 후 압축응력이 작용한 결과로 해석된다. 또한 분지내부에서 형성된 저밀도의 파쇄대가 나타나는데, 이는 분지의 생성과정이나 퇴적물이 쌓인 후에 몇차례의 단층운동이 있었음을 시사한다. 분지를 형성한 주단층 가운데, 남동경계를 이루는 단층의 파쇄대는 넓게 분포하고 지하 $1{\cal}km$ 이상의 깊이까지 연장되어 있는 것으로 나타나는 반면 북서경계의 파쇄대는 비교적 미약하게 나타났다. 이로부터 분지의 남동경계를 이루는 단층을 따라 진행된 조구조운동의 강도가 상대적으로 컸을 것으로 추측할 수 있다. 이러한 양상은 남동경계를 이루는 단층대에서 저비저항대가 두텁게 나타난 전기탐사의 결과와 잘 일치한다. The geologic structure of Gongju Basin, which is a Cretaceous sedimentary basin located on the boundary of Gyeonggi Massif and Ogcheon Belt, is modeled by using gravity data and interpreted in relation with basin forming tectonism. The electrical survey with dipole-dipole array was also conducted to uncover the development of fractures in the two fault zones which form the boundaries of the basin. In the process of gravity data reduction, the terrain correction was performed by using the conic prism model, which showed better results specially for topography having a steep slope. The gravity model of the geologic structure of Gongju basin is obtained by forward modeling based on the surface geology and density inversion. It reveals that the width of the basin at its central part is about $4{\cal}km$ and about $2.5{\cal}km$ at the southern part. The depth of crystalline basement beneath sedimentary rocks of the basin is about $700{\~}400{\cal}m$ below the sea level and it is thinner in the center than in margin. The fault of the southeastern boundary appears more clearly than that of the northwestern boundary, and its fracture zone may extended to the depth of more than $1{\cal}km$. Therefore, it is thought that the tectonic movement along the fault in the southeastern boundary was much stronger. These results coincide with the appearance of broad low resistivity anomaly at the southeastern boundary of the basin in the resistivity section. The fracture zones having low density are also recognized inside the basin from the gravity model. The swelling feature of basement and the fractures in sedimentary rocks of the basin suggest that the compressional tectonic stress had also involved after the deposition of the Cretaceous sediments.