내분비교란 물질에 노출된 C.plumosus(장수깔따구)의 하순기절 기형성

곽인실,이원철 한국육수학회 2005 생태와 환경 Vol.38 No.1

야외에서 채집한 C. plumosus를 대상으로 잠재적 내분비계 교란물질인 DEHP, BPA 및 Tebufenozide를 처리 물질로 하여 형태적인 교란 효과를 살펴보았다. 약제에 노출된 개체의 하순기절은 부드러워지거나(smooth) 손실(loss)이 가장 많았으며 엷은 갈색을 보였다. 처리 물질에 따른 기형의 정도를 살펴보면, DEHP는 46.2~85.7%, BPA는 73.7 ~90.9% 그리고 tebufenozide는 57.6~78.9%가 기형을 입어 BPA>tebufenozide>DEHP순으로 기형이 크게 나타났다. 처리 물질별 기형 부위를 살펴보면, MIX(32~46%)>MLT(25~34%)>LT(3~7%)로 두 부분이 함께 기형을 입는 형태가 가장 많았으며 LT단독의 기형이 가장 적었다 MIX형태로 기형이 가장 높은 물질은 BPA (46%) > DEHP(33%) > tebufenozide (32%)이고, MLT에 가장 높은 기형을 보인 것은 DEHP(34%) > tebufenozide (31%)>BPA(25%)로 나타났다. Tebufenozide처리에 따른 하순기절의 색은 처리 농도가 높아지면 엷은 갈색 하순기절의 발생 빈도가 증가되었다(27.8~84.2%). 반면, BPA(8.7%)와 DEHP (18.2%)는 1 ㎍L^(-1)에서 가장 낮은 엷은 갈색의 하순기절의 발생 빈도를 보였으나 0.3㎍L^(-1)처리에서는 매우 높은 엷은 갈색의 하순기절이 다수 발생하였다(BPA 52.6%; DEHP 30.8%). Egg masses of C. plumosus were collected from Jungnang Stream in Seoul and reared in an incubator chamber. The larvae of C. plumosus were treated with potential endocrine disruption chemicals (EDCs) such as Diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), Bisphenol A (BPA) and Tebufenozide, and the effects of morphological abnormalities were observed. The deformities of the mentum following exposure to EDCs showed the smooth/round tooth, the loss of 1 tooth, reduced median lateral teeth (MLT) and light brown color. The incidence rates of the mentum deformity were associated with chemicals: BPA (73.7~90.9%)>tebufenozide (57.6~78.9%) > DEHP (46.2~85.7%). The deformity type of the mentum showed MIX (MLT+LT, 32 46%) > MLT (25~34%) > LT (lateral teeth, 3~7%). Also, the incidence of MIX type was in the order of BPA (46%) > DEHP (33%) > tebufenozide (32%), and that of MLT type showed DEHP (34%) > tebufenozide (31%) > BPA (25%). As the concentration of Tebufenozide increased, the incidence of light brown mentum was dose dependent. While the incidences of light brown mentum following exposure to BPA and DEHP were not associated with their concentrations.

Biological and molecular responses of Chironomus riparius (Diptera, Chironomidae) to herbicide 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid)

곽인실 ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC 2010 COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLO Vol.151 No.4

Change of Emergent Period and Body Volume of Chironomus riparius Exposure to Di(2-ethyl-hexyl)-phthalate

곽인실,서호영,이원철 한국환경생물학회 2005 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.23 No.4

The exposed strain of C. ripariustreated with di(ethylhexyl) phthalate(DEHP) didnot result in a consistent relationship between mortality or sex ratio and chemical concentrations.And after treating with DEHP, the emergent female from the exposed strain appeared to be fattywith a large body volume comparing with the nonexposed strain. The emergent period(EP) wasespecially different between the exposed fourth strain and the nonexposed strain; generally theexposed strain was 7 10 days, and non exposed strain was 17 24 days. Regarding sustainableexposed effects, the EP, the first emergent day (FED), and the body volume (BV) could besuggested as suitable biomarkers for detecting of exposure to various EDCs.

Ecdysteroid agonist tebufenozide가 담수산 깔다구류에 미친 영향

곽인실,이원철 한국하천호수학회 2004 생태와 환경 Vol.37 No.1

제주 정수장에서 출현한 깔따구과 유충의 형태 및 유전학적 분석

곽인실,박재원,김원석,박기연 한국하천호수학회 2021 생태와 환경 Vol.54 No.3

The Chironomidae is a benthic macroinvertebrate commonly found in freshwater ecosystems, along with Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera, which can be used for environmental health assessments. There are approximately 15,000 species of Chironomidae worldwide, but there are limited studies on species identification of domestic Chironomidae larvae. In the present study, we carried out species classification of the Chironomidae larvae that found in Jeju’s tap water purification plants using morphological characteristics and genetic identification based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of the mitochondrial DNA. Body shape, mentum, antenna, mandible in the head capsule, and claws were observed in the larvae for morphological classification. Analysis of 17 larvae collected from faucets and fire hydrants of domestic tap water purification plants revealed the presence of two species, including 14 Orthocladius tamarutilus and 3 Paratrichocladius tammaater. These results will aid the use of the criteria information about species classification of the Chironomidae for water quality management in water purification plants and diversity monitoring of freshwater environments.

환경유전자 연구를 위한 NCBI Nucleotide 데이터베이스에 등록된 국내 생물 목록 현황

곽인실,지창우,김원석,공동수 한국하천호수학회 2022 생태와 환경 Vol.55 No.4

Recently, with the development of genetic technology, interest in environmental DNA (eDNA) to study biodiversity according to molecular biological approaches is increasing. Environmental DNA has many advantages over traditional research methods for biological communities distributed in the environment but highly depends on the established base sequence database. This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the habitat status and classification at the genus level, which is mainly used in eDNA (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, COI, and CYTB), focusing on Korean registration taxon groups (phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, and fish). As a result, phytoplankton and zooplankton showed the highest taxa proportion in 18S rRNA, and macroinvertebrates observed the highest ratio in the nucleotide sequence database in COI. In fish, all genes except 18S rRNA showed a high taxon ratio. Based on the Korean registration taxon group, the gene construction of the top 20 genera according to bio density observed that most of the phytoplankton were registered in 18S rRNA, and the most significant number of COI nucleotide sequences were established in macroinvertebrates. In addition, it was confirmed that there is a nucleotide sequence for the top 20 genera in 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and CYTB in fish. These results provided comprehensive information on the genes suitable for eDNA research for each taxon group.

국내 수돗물 정수장에서 발견된 깔따구 유충 (파리목: 깔따구과)의 유전적 - 형태적 종 동정 연구

곽인실,박재원,김원석,박기연 한국하천호수학회 2020 생태와 환경 Vol.53 No.3

The Chironomus (Diptera: Chironomidae) is a freshwater benthic invertebrate that is an important indicator organism used for environmental pollution and water quality monitoring. In this study, we performed morphological classification and genetic species identification using the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene on mitochondrial DNA for an accurate species classification of Chironomus larvae found in tap water purification plants in Incheon, Korea. Twenty larvae in six water purification plants consist of four species, including twelve Chironomus kiiensis, six Chironomus flaviplumus, one Chironomus dorsalis, and one Polypedilum yongsanensis (not included Genus Chironomus). Morphological characteristics of each larvae were identified based on the head capsule, the mentum, the mandible, the antenna, and the claw. Based on the COI sequences of 21 individuals of 17 Chironomus species registered in NCBI Genbank, phylogenetic analysis indicated that the 20 individuals investigated in this study consist of the same clade with corresponding species of the high homology (99~100%) including C. kiiensis, C. flaviplumus, C. dorsalis, and P. yongsanensis. These results will be used as main classification indicator for monitoring freshwater ecosystems by providing integrated morphological and genetic information for the species identification of Korean Chironomus.

우리나라 주요 하천 수계에서 저서성 대형무척추동물의 분포 특성

곽인실,이대성,홍 철,박영석 한국하천호수학회 2018 생태와 환경 Vol.51 No.1

The distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates was investigated at 1,157 sites of 7 main water systems in Korea, including 442 sites of Han River system (Namhan River, Bukhan River, Han River main stream, Anseongcheon, etc.), 305 sites of Nakdong River system (Nakdong River, Hyeongsan River, Taehwa River, etc.), 199 sites of Geum River system (Geum River, Sapgyocheon, Mangyeong River, Dongjin River, etc.) 102 sites of Seomjin River system (Seomjin River), 102 sites of Yeongsan River system (Yeongsan River, Tamjin River, etc.), and 7 sites of Jeju stream system. A total of 151 families were found in the whole survey sites, including 141 families in Han River, 122 in Nakdong River, 115 in Geum River, 106 in Seomjin River, 113 in Yeongsan River, and 50 in Jeju. Chironomidae (20.8%) was the most dominant species in Korea, followed by Hydropsychidae (17.1%), Baetidae (12.6%), Tubificidae (10.3%), Heptageniidae (8.6%), Ephemerellidae (6.3%), Asellidae (2.7%), Leptophlebiidae (2.4%), Planariidae (1.7%), and Tipulidae (1.6%). Substrates compositions consisted of large sand (22.6%), large gravel (18.4%), silt (10.5%), and boulder (8.2%). The mean stream width was 133.5 m and the mean watercourse width was 61.7 m. The mean water depth and velocity were 30.2 cm and 33.1 cm s-1, respectively. Results of cluster analysis based on distributional characteristics of benthic macroinvertebrates were divided into six groups according to the frequency of benthic macroinvertebrate taxa which appeared in the study area. Finally, altitude, current velocity and substrate composition were the most influencial factors determining the distribution patterns of macroinvertebrate communities.

수서생물종과 노출물질에 따른 생태독성 반응

곽인실 한국환경독성학회 2011 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2011 No.10

수생태계 생물다양성 연구를 위한 환경유전자(environmental DNA) 기술의 적용과 활용

곽인실,박영석,장광현 한국하천호수학회 2021 생태와 환경 Vol.54 No.3

The application of environmental DNA in the domestic ecosystem is also accelerating, but the processing and analysis of the produced data is limited, and doubts are raised about the reliability of the analyzed and produced biological taxa identification data, and the sample medium (target sample, water, air, sediment, Gastric contents, feces, etc.) and quantification and improvement of analysis methods are also needed. Therefore, in order to secure the reliability and accuracy of biodiversity research using the environmental DNA of the domestic ecosystem, it is a process of actively using the database accumulated through ecological taxonomy and undergoing verification procedures, and experts verifying the resolution of the data increased by gene sequence analysis. This is absolutely necessary. Environmental DNA research cannot be solved only by applying molecular biology technology, and interdisciplinary research cooperation such as ecology-taxa identification-genetics-informatics is important to secure the reliability of the produced data, and researchers dealing with various media can approach it together. It is an area in desperate need of an information sharing platform that can do this, and the speed of development will proceed rapidly, and the accumulated data is expected to grow as big data within a few years.