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곽은창(Gwag Eun Chang),곽노철(Gwag No Cheol) 한국사회체육학회 2003 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.20 No.1
The purpose of this study was to investigate the cultural context of caddies who work at five different golf country clubs in Kyunggi and Kangwon province. The final questionnaire designed by investigators were distributed to the caddies in five country clubs. Two hundred ninety four caddies showed willingness to participate for the study. Among 294, 189 questionnaire were available for the data analysis. The most significant fact in this study was most caddies strongly want to be treated as a normal person not a slave or servant by golfers. Human right seems to be non-existed in golf courses. The results of the study shows that their working value should be upgraded and pay more than current caddy fee. They also indicated that their salary is not high enough. Caddies` leisure activity type is very limited such as movie/videotape, television, reading, and so on. Environmental problems were concern of caddies but not seriously. Total income of caddie is not as high as they expected and valued. However, this matter includes a big difference between caddie and golfer who employed caddie temporarily during the rounding. It seems to call more study on this issue. Further in-depth investigation should be conducted to find the various effects on each variable which constitutes the distinctive golf culture in caddie`s world.
곽은창(Gwag Eun Chang) 한국사회체육학회 2003 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.19 No.1
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the learning environment in sport for all setting. The subjects for this study were 40 adults who wants to learn swimming at the beginning level. The consent form were obtained from the prarticipants before the study. The four different experimental conditions were employed under the certain learning environmental condition. The results of the study indicated that experimental tool group was the most effective for skill achievement. Gender difference was also found in many process characteristics for free style crawl stroke skill. Related issues for skill practice and suggested the direction of future research.