A Comparison of Broadcast and Final Orbits on GPS Delays in GPS-VLBI Hybrid Observation

곽영희,조정호,Tetsuro Kondo,Jun Amagai,Tadahiro Gotoh,Mamoru Sekido,Ryuichi Ichikawa,김두환,Tetsuo Sasao 사단법인 항법시스템학회 2012 Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing Vol.1 No.1

We carry out an error analysis of 24-hour global positioning system (GPS)-very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) (GV) hybrid observation data. In this paper, we focus on the impacts of broadcast and final orbits on the GPS delays of the GV hybrid observation by analyzing the residuals, observed - calculated (O-C) values. The residuals show apparent and consistent biases for L1 and L2 signals, respectively. The scatters of the residuals are around a few nanoseconds. The main cause of those observation errors is the absence of the GPS phase and delay calibration system. Most of the satellites show that the differences between the delays, to which broadcast and final orbits are applied, are about 100 times smaller than the current GV hybrid observation errors. We conclude that GPS delays are not greatly affected by orbit accuracies.

건국대학 교육을 통해서 본 상허 사상에 대한 고찰 : 건국대학교의 상허사상 확산을 중심으로

곽영희 건국대학교 1990 常虛思想 Vol.1 No.-

VLBI TRF Combination Using GNSS Software

곽영희,조정호 한국우주과학회 2013 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.30 No.4

Space geodetic techniques can be used to obtain precise shape and rotation information of the Earth. To achieve this, the representative combination solution of each space geodetic technique has to be produced, and then those solutions need to be combined. In this study, the representative combination solution of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), which is one of the space geodetic techniques, was produced, and the variations in the position coordinate of each station during 7years were analyzed. Products from five analysis centers of the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS)were used as the input data, and Bernese 5.0, which is the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) data processing software,was used. The analysis of the coordinate time series for the 43 VLBI stations indicated that the latitude component error was about 15.6 mm, the longitude component error was about 37.7 mm, and the height component error was about 30.9 mm,with respect to the reference frame, International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2008 (ITRF2008). The velocity vector of the 42stations excluding the YEBES station showed a magnitude difference of 7.3 mm/yr (30.2%) and a direction difference of 13.8°(3.8%), with respect to ITRF2008. Among these, the 10 stations in Europe showed a magnitude difference of 7.8 mm/yr (30.3%)and a direction difference of 3.7° (1.0%), while the 14 stations in North America showed a magnitude difference of 2.7 mm/yr (15.8%) and a direction difference of 10.3° (2.9%).

자기 발견과 치유의 여정 -이문구의 장편 장한몽을 중심으로-

곽영희 한중인문학회 2009 한중인문학연구 Vol.27 No.-

이문구 소설은 시기별로 볼 때 작가의 경력에 따라 화자의 연령이 높아진다는 점이 특기할만하다. 화자가 변하면서 소설에서 다룰 수 있는 인식의 지평도 달라지게 되는데, 이는 일종의 성장구도를 보여준다. 따라서 이문구의 초기 소설은 그 수준을 떠나 작가로서의 정체성과 문학의식 정립기의 산물이라 할 수 있기에 주목할 필요가 있다. 그의 초기작 중 장편 장한몽은 독특한 소재와 인물군을 다루었다는 점 이외에도 자전적 인물을 등장시켰다는 점에서 중요하다. 장한몽은 공동묘지 이장 작업 중 모인 사람들의 이야기로, 등장인물들은 전쟁으로 인한 가족의 해체와 도시화․산업화에 의한 구조적 빈곤을 겪으며 서울의 변두리에서 살아간다. 이들은 강인하다 못해 극악스러울 정도로 악착같이 자신의 삶을 살아가는데, 이러한 모습은 초점화자인 김상배의 자의식을 자극하여 그가 자신의 상처를 돌아보고 나름의 방식으로 치유하고자 하는 의지를 갖게 만든다. 김상배는 작가이문구의 자전적 인물로, 전쟁으로인한가족의죽음과사상적문제를겪으며 사회로부터 자발적으로 자신을소외시킨다. 그러던 그가 이장작업을 맡으면서 자신에게는 삶을 주도적으로 살아가고자 하는 의지가 결여되어 있음을 깨닫고, 그 원인이 무의식적으로 억압해왔던 유년시절의 트라우마임을 인정한다. 그리고 이를 치유하기 위해 ‘보통사람처럼 살아가기’를 방법으로 내세운다. 하지만 그의 노력은 문제 상황에 대한 해결이 아니라 심정적인 동의로, 이는 지나치게 당위적어서 작가의 의지가 걸러지지 않은 채 그대로 표출된 것으로 볼 수 있다. 따라서 작가가 자신의 문제를 상배를 통해 윤리적 차원의 진술로 마칠 수밖에 없었던 이유가 무엇인지에 대한 논의는 그의 이후 소설들과의 관련성 속에서 좀더 검토되어야 할 것이다. A characteristic of Lee Mun-gu’s novels is that the narrators’ age grows old together with the writer’s career. As the narrator changes, the horizon of cognition covered by the novel also changes, and this tendency shows a kind of growth structure. Accordingly, regardless of their level, Lee Mun-gu’s early novels need to be spotlighted because they are products during the period when his identity as a writer and literary consciousness were established. Among his early writings, long novel Janghanmong is important in that it deals with unique materials and characters and that an autobiographical character appears. Janghanmong is a story about people who gathered for removing a public cemetery to another place. The characters live at the outskirts of Seoul, suffering from family disorganization by the war and structural poverty brought by urbanization and industrialization. They lead an extremely desperate life like hell, and such a state stimulates the self-consciousness of Kim Sang-bae, the focalizer, and induces him to look back his own wound and to heal it in his own way. Kim Sang-bae is writer Lee Mun-gu’s autobiographical character who experiences the death of family and ideological conflicts in the war and then isolates himself from the society voluntarily. Then, while doing the work of removing a cemetery, he realizes that he lacks the will to lead his life on his own initiative, and finds that the cause is the trauma during his unconsciously suppressed childhood. To heal the trauma, he adopts the method of ‘living as an ordinary person.’ However, his effort is not a solution for the problematic situation but a sympathetic agreement. This is so natural that it can be regarded as the writer’s will expressed as it is without filtration. Thus, the reason that the author has to end with an ethical statement of his problem through Sang-bae needs to be discussed further in connection to his later novels.

VLBI Type Experimental Observation of GPS

곽영희,Tetsuro Kondo,Jun Amagai,Tadahiro Gotoh,Tetsuo Sasao,조정호,김두환 한국우주과학회 2010 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.27 No.2

As a preparatory study for Global Positioning System-Very Long Baseline Interferometry (GPS-VLBI) hybrid system, we examined if VLBI type observation of the GPS signal is realizable through a test experiment. The test experiment was performed between Kashima and Koganei, Japan, with 110 km baseline. The GPS L1 and L2 signals were received by commercial GPS antennas, down-converted to video-band signals by specially developed GPS down converters, and then sampled by VLBI samplers. The sampled GPS data were recorded as ordinary VLBI data by VLBI recorders. The sampling frequency was 64 MHz and the observation time was 1 minute. The recorded data were correlated by a VLBI correlator. From correlation results, we simultaneously obtained correlation fringes from all 8 satellites above a cut-off elevation which was set to 15 degree. 87.5% of L1 fringes and 12.5% of L2 fringes acquired the Signal to Noise Ratios which are sufficient to achieve the group delay precision of 0.1nsec that is typical in current geodetic VLBI. This result shows that VLBI type observation of GPS satellites will be readily realized in future GPS-VLBI hybrid system.

청소년의 문제행동에 대한 고등학생과 부모의 인식 차이

곽영희,오상은 전남대학교 간호과학연구소 2004 Nursing and Health Issues(NHI) Vol.9 No.1

This study was a descriptive research to describe the difference in the perception adolescent's behavioral problems between high schoolers and their parents. The subjects were 293 students in four high schools and 255 their parents who lived in J city, Jeonbuk Province. Data collection was done from Nov. 8 to 20, 2001. The instruments were the questionnaires for assessing 'perception of the idea of behavioral problems' and 'perception of anticipation of the potential that behavioral problems' developed by Park (1996) with correction and supplement. Data were analyzed using t-test, frequency and percentage, average, and standard deviation. The results of the study were as follows. The perception of the idea of behavioral problems between high schoolers and their parents was significantly different (t=16.67, p=.000). The item which showed the highest difference was 'the behavior which students disobey or resist teacher's or their parents' directions.' with 3.30 (students) and 1.87 (parents). The perception of anticipation of the potential that behavioral problem is further developed was significantly different (t=10.82, p=.000). The item which showed the highest difference between high schoolers and their parents was 'the behavior which students often drink alcohol' with 2.82 (students) and 1.92 (parents). In conclusion, there were the significant differences in the perception adolescent's behavioral problems between high schoolers and their parents. The way for decreasing the differences in perception should be further studied, focusing on the communication and understanding between high schoolers and their parents.

함께 걷는 한 걸음의 힘 : 수업을 바꾸는 결정적 한 가지, 질문형성기법을 활용한 수업 — 신승은, 박수현 선생님을 만나다

곽영희 전국국어교사모임 2020 함께여는 국어교육 Vol.- No.138

측지 VLBI 관측 자료를 이용한 TRF 및 EOP산출

곽영희,조정호 한국천문학회 2009 天文學會報 Vol.34 No.1

배움을 위한 연대의 즐거움 : 공부 모임 이야기 ③ - 강원

곽영희 전국국어교사모임 2021 함께여는 국어교육 Vol.- No.141

더 높은 이상을 위하여

곽영희 대한사립학교장회(구 대한사립중고등학교장회) 1988 私學 Vol.46 No.-