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곽기섭,윤채휘,김종찬,김종화,조영민,최인규 한국목재공학회 2022 목재공학 Vol.50 No.6
The objective of this study was to understand the conversion characteristics of glucose and xylose using the major monosaccharide standards for lignocellulosic biomass. The acid-catalyzed organosolv pretreatment conducted using ethanol was significantly different from the acid-catalyzed process conducted in an aqueous medium. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), levulinic acid and furfural were produced from glucose conversion. The maximum yield of 5-HMF was 5.5%, at 200℃, when 0.5% sulfuric acid was used. The maximum yield of levulinic acid was 21.5%, at 220℃, when 1.0% sulfuric acid was used. Furfural was produced from xylose conversion and under 0.5% sulfuric acid, furfural reached the maximum yield 48.5% at 210℃. Ethyl levulinate and methyl levulinate were also formed from the glucose standard following the esterification reaction conducted under conditions of the combined conversion method, which proceeded under both ethanol-rich and water-rich conditions.
곽기섭,김혜련,현석희,백창훈,김우식,임학상,전일련 한국고분자학회 2010 Macromolecular Research Vol.18 No.1
This paper describes the thermally enhanced in-plane alignment and other properties of liquid crystalline (LC) copolymers (1, 2, and 3) consisting of a methacrylate with a 2-styrylpyridine side group as a photocyclodimerizable group and a methacrylate with a methoxy biphenyl side group as a mesogenic group. 1H NMR spectroscopy indicated that the contents of the photoreactive monomer unit in copolymers 1, 2, and 3 were 0.65, 0.46 and 0.19(mole fraction), respectively. The copolymers in the film showed a transmittance of 92% at wavelengths > 450 nm,even at 100 oC, as well as thermal stability up to approximately 360 oC. Copolymers 1 and 2 gave a nematic texture at 155 and 150 oC, respectively, while copolymer 3 showed a smectic texture at 130 oC. The copolymer films aligned parallel to the linearly polarized UV(LPUV) light after LPUV light irradiation and subsequent thermal annealing. The respective in-plane order parameters of copolymers 1, 2, and 3 in the film at 315 nm were 0.65 at 0.001 J/cm2,0.59 at 0.01 J/cm2, and 0.48 at 0.025 J/cm2 by the same treatment in the LC temperature ranges. This suggests that the photoreactive LC copolymers not only have high optical transparency and good thermal stability but also have controllable, high in-plane alignment with the contents of the photoreactive monomer unit.
Development of value-added materials from kraft pulping process as a biorefinery
곽기섭,박시한,이종훈 한국공업화학회 2018 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2018 No.0
Pulp & paper industry enters upon a new phase as the global business environment is changing and interest in environment and energy is increasing. Especially, conventional business of pulp industry is to make paper grade pulp by selectively removing lignin from woods and obtaining cellulose fiber, but its concept is expanding to separate woods into cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin respectively through pulping process and convert them into value-added materials by new technologies. Currently, a number of studies are being conducted to apply wood-derived components from pulping process to nanocelluloses, biocomposites, functional materials and etc, so pulp & paper industry can play an important role in the supply of base materials and those applications. In this study, various value-added materials from pulping process are described in addition to research and application of main products and byproducts from Moorim P&P's kraft pulping process.