Laminaria japonica Combined with Probiotics Improves Intestinal Microbiota: A Randomized Clinical Trial

고석재,김진성,한가진,김슬기,김홍걸,여인권,류봉하,박재우 한국식품영양과학회 2014 Journal of medicinal food Vol.17 No.1

Laminaria japonica—a widely used ingredient in seaweed kimchi—and lactic acid bacteria (LAB)—a main component of traditional fermented Korean food—may alter human intestinal microbiota composition and have a positiveeffect on various digestive problems. However, few clinical trials have investigated the potential benefits of L. japonica when combined with LAB for human intestinal microbiota. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of L. japonica and representative LAB on the human intestine. Forty participants with no known digestive diseases were randomly assigned to one of the two combination groups: (1) L. japonica with LAB and (2) L. japonica with placebo LAB. The study agents were administered for 4 weeks with a 2-week follow-up period. The primary outcome measure was the number of each of the seven LAB species in the human intestine, and the secondary outcome measures included the Korean version of the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, the World Health Organization Quality of Life, and bowel functions. The primary outcome was evaluated before and after administration of the study agents (0 and 4 weeks), and the secondary outcomes were evaluated at 0, 4, and 6 weeks. Four of the seven LAB species were found to be significantly increased in the L. japonica with the LAB group and five species were significantly different from those of the placebo group. The secondary outcome measures did not change significantly. In conclusion, L. japonica with LAB facilitated the proliferation of beneficial human intestinal microbiota. (Trial number: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01651741).

Glutamate로 유도된 C6 glial 세포 자멸사에 대한 청심연자음(淸心蓮子飮)의 보호효과

고석재,신용진,장원석,하예진,이선아,안민섭,권오상,신선호,Ko, Seok-Jae,Shin, Yong-Jeen,Jang, Won-Seok,Ha, Ye-Jin,Lee, Seon-A,Ahn, Min-Seob,Kwon, Oh-Sang,Shin, Sun-Ho 대한한방내과학회 2010 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.31 No.1

Objective : The water extract of Chungsimyeonja-eum (CSYJE) has traditionally been used in treatments of heart diseases and brain diseases in Oriental medicine. However, little is known about the mechanism by which CSYJE protects neuronal cells from injury damages. Therefore, in this study we attempted to elucidate the mechanism of the cytoprotective effect of the CSYJE extract on glutamate-induced C6 glial cell death. Methods : Cultured cells were pretreated with CSYJE and exposed to glutamate, cell damage was assessed by using MTT assay and propidium iodide (PI), probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) staining. Western blotting was performed using anti-procaspase-3 and anti-PARP, respectively. Result : We determined the elevated cell viability by CSYJE extract on glutamate-induced C6 glial cell death. Glutamate induced DNA fragmentation on C6 glial cells but pre-treatment with CSYJE inhibited DNA fragmentation. One of the main mediators of glutamate-induced cytotoxicity was known to generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Pre-treatment with CSYJE inhibited this ROS generation from glutamate-stimulated C6 glial cells. Also, we identified that the ROS-induced DCF-DA green fluorescence was reduced by CSYJE pre-treatment. The critical markers of apoptotic cell death are the cleavages of procaspase-3 protease and PARP proteins, so we checked the expression level and cleavages of procaspase-3 protease and PARP proteins. Glutamate-treated C6 glial cells showed the cleavages of procaspase-3 protease and PARP proteins and followed the reduction of expression of these proteins. Conclusion : These findings indicate that CSYJE may prevent cell death from glutamate-induced C6 glial cell death by inhibiting the ROS generation and procaspase-3 and PARP expression.

Development of a patient-report pressure algometer for the quantification of abdominal examination

고석재,Keun Ho Kim,Sanghun Lee,임미홍,박재우 한국한의학연구원 2021 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.10 No.4

Background Abdominal examination (AE), one of the primary diagnostic tools used in traditional Korean medicine (TKM), has a limitation of being subjective due to depending on individual practitioner's experience. Therefore, we devised a novel patient-report pressure algometer (PA) and performed a clinical trial to investigate its validity. Methods In total, 44 participants with functional dyspepsia and 44 healthy participants completed the study. The participants were allocated into one of two groups according to the existence of abdominal stiffness at 5 acupoints or abdominal tenderness at 12 acupoints diagnosed by TKM doctors. The pressure depth and pressure pain threshold (PPT) were evaluated using the PA at the same acupoints. We assessed the validity (sensitivity and specificity) of PA and calculated the area under the curve (AUC) and optimal cutoff value of the test variables (pressure depth and PPT) to criterion standards (abdominal stiffness and tenderness). Results Pressure depth and PPT assessed by PA showed high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing abdominal stiffness and tenderness. The validity at CV-14 of diagnosing abdominal tenderness with PPT by PA had a sensitivity of 73.1%, specificity of 77.8%, and an AUC of 0.807 with a P value of < 0.001. Conclusion This study may provide evidence of standardization and quantification of AE through PA.

V 및 HA 약침제제 및 한방치료로 호전시킨 남성형 탈모 환자 1례

고석재 ( Seok-jae Ko ),박재우 ( Jae-woo Park ) 대한면역약침학회 2016 대한면역약침학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Objectives : The aim of this study is to report the effect of Yakchim and Korean medicine treatment on male pattern alopecia. Methods : Twenty-seven years old male patient who has recently aggravated hair loss in his frontal and parietal scalp lesion was managed by V and HA Yakchim at his frontal area (about 2 times per week), herbal medicine decoction (Hyeongbangjihwang-tang, 2 times per day) and acupuncture treatment (about 2 times per week) for about 5 weeks. Results and Conclusions : After 11 times of Yakchim and Korean medicine treatments, his hair loss was markedly reduced and the hair density of left frontal scalp lesion significantly increased by new hair growth. However, the clinical effect and significance of Yakchim treatment on alopecia should be elucidated by robust randomized controlled clinical trials with relevant comparisons.

근무자세가 두통/눈의 피로에 미치는 영향: 제5차 2017년 근로환경조사

김유현,고석재,조경민,채진경,오현정,장세진 한국산업보건학회 2022 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.32 No.2

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the association of working posture with headache/eye strain in Korean waged workers. Methods: Data were collected from the 5th Korean Working Condition Survey. A total of 30,955 workers participated in this study. A four-items of working postures were measured using a 7-point Likert scale, and we categorized them into three groups (‘normal’, ‘moderate’, and ‘severe’) each 4 items. Headache/eye strain were measured using a self-administrative questionnaire (‘yes’ vs. ‘no’). To examine the relationship between the total working postures score and headache/eye strain, we summed a 4-items of working postures. It was categorized into five groups according to the severity of exposures(‘normal’, ‘mild’, ‘moderate’, ‘severe’, and ‘very severe’). The multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS(Ver. 25), and a p<.05 was considered significant. Results: The results show that ‘fatiguing and painful posture’ and ‘posture repetitively using hands or arms’ were associated with headache/eye strain after controlling for control variables. The total working posture score was positively associated with headache/eye strain. People with higher levels of the total working posture score were more likely to increase the risk of headache/eye strain compared to those of normal(OR: 1.844, 95% CI: 1.549~2.195 for ‘mild’; OR: 2.564, 95% CI: 2.152~3.503 for ‘moderate’; OR: 4.140, 95% CI: 3.432~4.994 for ‘severe’; OR: 7.613, 95% CI: 5.625~10.304 for ‘very severe’) (p<.05 for trend). Conclusions: These results indicate that inappropriate working postures might play a crucial role in developing headache/eye strain. It is needed to improve the working environment, especially focusing on reducing inappropriate working posture at the organizational level.

대칠기탕(大七氣湯)이 Glutamate에 의한 C6 Glial 세포의 Apoptosis에 미치는 영향

김혜윤,고석재,방창호,신선호,이동엽,이인,Kim, Hye-Yoon,Ko, Seok-Jae,Bang, Chang-Ho,Shin, Sun-Ho,Lee, John Dong-Yeop,Lee, In 대한한방내과학회 2010 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

Objectives : The water extract of Daechilgi-tang(DCGT) has traditionally been used for treatment of qi stagnation(氣滯), which is considered to be one of the important causes of neuronal disease in oriental medicine. However, little is known about the mechanism by which DCGT protects neuronal cells from brain cell damages. Methods and Results : The author tested the mechanism of the cytoprotective effect of DCGT on glutamate -stimulated rat C6 glial cells. DCGT significantly protected C6 glial cells from glutamate in MTT assay. Pre-treatment of C6 glial cells with DCGT markedly inhibited the DNA fragmentation of C6 cells induced by glutamate. Glutamate increased the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) and intracellular calcium level in C6 glial cells. However, pre-treatment with DCGT markedly suppressed the increase of ROS generation and intracellular calcium accumulation induced by glutamate. Among apoptosis signaling mediators, DCGT markedly increased the expression level of Bcl2 in glutamate-treated cells. It also inhibited the cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP proteins by glutamate in C6 glial cells. Conclusions : These results suggest that DCGT protects brain cells from glutamate cytotoxicity through inhibition of ROS generation and activation of apoptosis signaling pathway as well as induction of the anti-oxidant system.

고중량 열간 단조품 핸들링을 위한 유연 연속 이송 시스템 개발

김민호,고석재,김정환,허권도,이근안,이낙규,윤덕재,임성주 한국소성가공학회 2005 단조 심포지엄 Vol.2005 No.6

임상연구의 효과적인 대상자 모집 전략 - 기능성 소화불량증 임상시험 자료에 대한 분석 -

정의민,고석재,한가진,오승환,김진성,류봉하,박재우,Jerng, Ui-Min,Ko, Seok-Jae,Han, Ga-Jin,Oh, Seung-Hwan,Kim, Jin-Sung,Ryu, Bong-Ha,Park, Jae-Woo 대한한방내과학회 2010 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

Objectives : While the proportion of clinical trials is increasing in oriental medical research, no studies in recruitment strategies exist. This study was conducted to investigate which recruitment strategy was efficient to increase the number of potential subject and to reduce cost. Methods : Data from 179 callers in a single-center between June 22 and August 12, 2010 were analyzed. Results : We found that daily newspaper and free newspaper advertisement collected maximal participants. Advertisements in the hospital and on the Internet were considered as the most cost-effective methods. Conclusions : Intensive multiple overlapping recruitment strategies might be effective in success of participant registration in a clinical trial.

기능성 소화불량 환자에서 설 지표의 경향성 파악

김지혜,고석재,박재우,김근호,Kim, Jihye,Ko, Seok-jae,Park, Jae-woo,Kim, Keun Ho 대한한방내과학회 2018 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.39 No.4

Objectives: In this study, the tongue features of patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) were compared with those of healthy controls. Methods: This prospective, case-control study was conducted on patients with FD and controls recruited at a single center. After screening, the subjects were allocated to the patient or control groups (patients=42, controls=40). Tongue images were acquired using a computerized tongue image acquisition system (CTIS). An independent t-test was conducted to compare the measurements from patients and controls. Binary logistic regression was performed to determine significant differences between the two groups after adjusting for age and sex. Results: The CIE $a^*$ color value in the tongue coating area was significantly lower in the patients with FD than in the controls (p=0.001). The tongue coating ratios were also significantly higher in the FD group than in the control group (p=0.003). We found that the CIE $a^*$ color value in the tongue coating area and the tongue coating ratios were significant predictive factors in both groups, based on binary regression analysis (p=0.016, 0.044, respectively). Conclusions: This study found that FD was significantly associated with CIE $a^*$ color value in the tongue coating area and tongue coating ratios. We suggest that these factors could be used as objective indicators of FD.

초음파 위배출 측정과 한의설문 간의 상관성 분석

조수호,이재홍,고석재,김진성,박재우,Cho, Soo-ho,Lee, Jae-hong,Ko, Seok-jae,Kim, Jin-sung,Park, Jae-woo 대한한방내과학회 2018 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.39 No.4

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the correlation between gastric emptying measurement by ultrasonography and the findings of various questionnaires of functional dyspepsia (FD) or in Korean medicine to explore the possibility of quantification of questionnaires. Methods: Eighty-eight patients (44 patients with FD and 44 healthy controls) were recruited from October 2016 to November 2017. Gastric emptying half-time (T1/2) was measured by ultrasonography at fasting, and at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min after meals (apple juice, 500 ml, 224 kcal). The average half-time (average T1/2) was calculated by averaging all measured half-times. A visual analogue scale (VAS), food retention questionnaire (FRQ), damum questionnaire (DQ), cold and heat questionnaire (CHQ), deficiency and excess questionnaire (DEQ), spleen-qi deficiency questionnaire (SQDQ), Nepean dyspepsia index-Korean version (NDI-K), and quality of life of NDI (NDI-QoL) were filled out by all participants. Correlation between the average T1/2 and questionnaires were analyzed for 79 patients (37 patients with FD and 42 healthy controls) after excluding missing and erroneous data. Results: The FRQ, DEQ, SQDQ, NDI-K, and NDI-QoL scores, especially for some gastrointestinal symptoms and general weakness-related symptoms, showed statistically significant correlations with average T1/2. Conclusions: Our results suggest that gastric emptying measurement by ultrasonography may be a quantitative substitute method for some Korean medical questionnaires or for some dyspepsia-related and deficiency-related items among them. However, further studies using various measurements of gastric emptying will be needed.