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방사선 조사로 육성된 무추대 유전자변형 제초제내성 들잔디의 추대 회복율 평가
강홍규,선현진,권용익,양대화,이강섭,박기웅,이효연 한국잔디학회 2019 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.8 No.3
This study was performed to test the stability of the unbolting trait of JG21-MS1, a genetically modified zoysiagrass that was previously exposed to gamma-ray radiation in 2006. The sterile JG21-MS1 plant has been cultivated through vegetative propagation in pots or in small garden beds for nearly 10 years. To check bolting recovery, we thoroughly looked to find the bolting of JG21-MS1 under various experimental conditions. JG21-MS1 lawns were established and maintained in three different regions: Jeju and Seogwipo in Jeju-do, and Jeonju in Jeollabuk-do. However, the presence of JG21-MS1 bolting recovery was not found. To promote the flowering of zoysiagrass, we exposed JG21-MS1 to artificial long-day light conditions with low temperatures. However, no flowering stems were found from JG21-MS1 in these experiments. Thus, our study indicated that the radiation-induced unbolting trait of JG21-MS1 is an immobilized trait that cannot be restored easily under natural or artificial conditions. In conclusion, JG21-MS1, a genetically modified herbicide-tolerant turfgrass with an unbolting trait, is unable to produce pollen because of its absence of reproductive organs. Thus, if JG21-MS1 were to be released into the wild, it is highly for it unlikely to disturb its surrounding flora through pollination. 이 연구는 2006년에 방사선돌연변이기술로 육성되어 10년 이상 영양번식체로 유지해 온 유전자변형 들잔디 JG21-MS1의 무추대성 형질의 안정성을 시험한 연구이다. 일반 자연환경뿐만 아니라 몇 가지 인위적인 개화유도 조건에서 JG21-MS1의 추대 회복 가능성을 조사하였다. 첫째, 제주대학교 내 LMO 작물 격리 포장의 자연환경 조건에서 3년 동안(2016-2018) JG21-MS1의 추대 유무 혹은 개화를 관찰하였다. 둘째, 지역적응성을 검증하기 위해 서귀포시 남원읍의 제주대학교 LMO 격리포장과 전라북도 전주시 농촌진흥청의 LMO 격리포장에서 2년 동안(2016-2018) 매년 추대 유무를 관찰하였다. 셋째, 인위적인 춘화처리 후 자연광 또는 온실 내 인공조명의 장일 또는 전일 조건 하에서 JG21-MS1의 추대 가능성을 관찰하였다. 이와 같은 일련의 실험에서 어느 환경 조건에서도 JG21-MS1의 추대가 회복되는 사례는 발견되지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구는 방사선으로 유도된 돌연변이 형질인 JG21-MS1의 무추대성이 자연환경 조건과 온실을 이용한 인공적인 개화유도 조건에서 쉽게 회복되지 않음을 보여 주었다. 꽃이 피지 않는 유전자변형 잔디인 JG21-MS1은 꽃가루에 의한 유전자이동 가능성이 원천적으로 불가능하므로 이 LMO 잔디가 자연환경에 방출되더라도 생태계를 교란할 수 있는 가능성이 매우 낮을 것으로 사료된다.
강홍규,김태성,박소현,김태완,유성영 한국환경생물학회 2016 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.34 No.4
The objective of this study was to determine the growth and light utilization efficiency of garden plants in shade area through chlorophyll fluorescence reaction analysis. Ten garden plants was grown for 75 days under 50% and 80% shading conditions. Under shading, ET2O/RC, the fluorescence parameter related to electron-transport in photosystem II, was effectively enhanced. However, the electron transport flux until PSI acceptors per reaction center (RE1O/RC) was reduced. These changes in photochemical parameters evoked a decrease in performance index (PI) and driving force (DF) of electron transport flux. In addition, some photochemical parameters such as FV, FV/FO, RE1O/RC, ET2O/RC, PITOTAL ABS, and DFTOTAL ABS were found to be important for shade tolerance. Three species (Pachysandra terminalis Siebold & Zucc, Physostegia virginiana L., and Carex maculata Bott) were found to be shade tolerant. Based on these results, shading factor index (SFI) deduced from photochemical parameters is useful for evaluating of shading stress of garden plants.
Pollen-mediated flow of bar gene in transgenic herbicide-resistant turf grass Zoysia japonica
강홍규,정옥철,배태웅,선현진,송인자,박기웅,임평옥,이재천,이용억,송필순,이효연 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.2
Weed control can be most efectively achieved through the use of herbicide-resistance transgene. A preliminary study bar�transgenic Zoysia japonica posed no serious risk on the unintended escape of the transgene from its cultivation site. The present follow-up investigation of the dispersion of pollen and its short-distance escape outside of the bar-transgenic Zoysia japonica habitats were ascertained in terms of environmental factors afecting anthesis and pollen viability. In a 24-h day cycle, zoysiagrass pollen was released predominantly between 08:00 and 10:00, and the pollen was most viable during the same time interval. Optimal temperature and humidity for pollen viability was 15–20 °C and 80–90%, respectively. The pollen germinated in 120 min after anthesis, but under cloudy conditions germination time doubled. No diferences in pol�len viability/longevity between the transgenic and non-transgenic plants were observed. The pollen-mediated gene fow of transgenic Zoysia japonica to wild-type non-transgenic zoysiagrass species was monitored by measuring the cross-over rate of the bar gene in the context of three diferent models. At distances within 5 m, the rate of gene fow ranged from 3 to 5.7% according to the models used. The greater the distance from the transgenic plant site, the lower the gene fow rate. The furthest transgene detected was 38 m away and exhibited a 0.25% gene fow rate. The radial model yielded a 3.7% escape rate within a 3 m radius and was wind direction dependent. The distance- and direction-dependent gene fow events were infuenced by wind direction and velocity during fowering season.