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강철상 ( Chul Sang Kang ),울리오스왈더 ( Uli Osterwalder ),번드허조그 ( Bernd Herzog ) 대한화장품학회 2005 대한화장품학회지 Vol.31 No.3
오랫동안 사용되어진 Sunscreen 제품들은 “화상없이 보기 좋게 태우기”라는 목적으로 발전을 거듭해 왔다. 최근 태양 자외선이 피부암을 유발시키는 주요 원인이며, 화상과 무관한 UVA에 의해서도 피부암이 유발된다는 보고와 함께 “보기좋게 태우기”에서 “태양광선으로부터 보호”라는 목적으로 제품의 진화를 계속해 오고 있다. 최근 이러한 동향과 함께 유럽에서 수년간 유기 UV 차단제가 개발되었으며, 본 보고에서 이들에 대한 발전과정을 논의하고자 한다. 이들 UV 차단제들은 UVB는 물론 UVA를 충분히 잘 흡수할 수 있으며, 어떤한 formulation에도 잘 포함될 수 있는 성질을 가지고 있다. 또한, 이들은 부작용 없는 안전한 물질들이다. 이들 차단제들은 290 nm에서 400 nm의 넓은 범위의 UV를 차단할 수 있어 다른 차단제들과 병용할 필요성을 감소시켜 준다. Sunscreens have been in use for about 70years and “tanning without burning” was propagated as their major advantage. The objective changed from “getting a tanned skin” to “getting skin protection” since UV have been proposed to a major risk of skin cancer and the risk of developing skin cancer related also to non-burning UVA. The new expectation from consumers has triggered the development of new UV absorbers and led to the approval of 7 new, organic UV absorbers in Europe over the last few years. The significant progress due to these new UV absorbers will be discussed in this report. These UV absorbers provide an efficient absorption of UV radiation (UVB and/or UVA) and easily incorporate in any kind of formulation. These are also safe, i.e. devoid of adverse effects. These new filters give the formulators new possibilities to cover the whole UV range iron 290 to 400 nm, and also to use less filter due to the boosting effect of the new UVA and broadband fitters.
양지주 비구골절에서 장서혜 도달법을 이용한 후방 골주의 간접 정복
강철형 ( Chul Hyung Kang ),이경재 ( Kyung Jae Lee ),민병우 ( Byung Woo Min ),정재훈 ( Jae Hun Jung ) 대한고관절학회 2009 Hip and Pelvis Vol.21 No.4
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and results of indirect reduction of the posterior column through the ilioinguinal approach in cases of both column fractures. Materials and Methods: Between February 2000 and January 2008, 18 patients, who underwent indirect reduction of the posterior column through the ilioinguinal approach, were evaluated clinically and radiographically after a minimum follow-up of one year. The mean follow-up duration was 52.7 months. The reduction quality, clinical results, and radiographic results were analyzed according to the criteria reported by Matta. The complications were also recorded. Results: There were 13 cases (72.2%) of an anatomical reduction, 2 cases (11.1%) of an imperfect reduction, and 3 cases (16.7%) of a poor reduction. Out of 13 anatomically reduced fractures, excellent results were graded in 12 cases clinically and 9 cases radiographically. Poor clinical and radiographic results were graded in 2 of the 3 poorly reduced fractures. Complications included 3 cases with transient lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury, which resolved during the follow-up period and 1 case with an injury to the superior gluteal artery. Conclusion: Indirect reduction of the posterior column through the ilioinguinal approach is effective for both column fractures. During surgery, care should be taken to reduce the risk of iatrogenic lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury.
감마선 조사가 휴민산 염소화에 의한 THMs 생성능 및 수질특성에 미치는 영향
강철호 ( Chul Ho Kang ),임현우 ( Hyun Woo Lim ),정성운 ( Sung Woon Jung ),최종혁 ( Jong Hyuk Choi ),김종훈 ( Jong Hoon Kim ),최용욱 ( Yong Wook Choi ),이면주 ( Myun Joo Lee ) 한국물환경학회 2010 한국물환경학회지 Vol.26 No.6
Variation of formation potential of THM (THMFP) by chlorination of humic acid and characteristics of water quality with γ-ray irradiation were investigated, which were divided into two categories by the order of γ-ray irradiation and chlorination in water treatment process. The group A consisted of the γ-ray irradiation followed by chlorination process of humic acid, and the group B consisted of the chlorination followed by γ-ray irradiation process. The pH, ORP, UV(254), and DOC decreased rapidly with an increase in γ-ray irradiation of 3 kGy. while conductivity was little changed. Maximum degradation ratio of chloroform in THMs of group A was 82%, while that in group B was 69%. No brominated THMs were detected at high irradiation (>3 kGy). We found that group A water treatment process was more effective in lowering the THMFP than that of group B.
원위 요척 관절 탈구를 동반한 주상골 경유 후방 월상골 주위 탈구 -증례 보고-
강철형 ( Chul Hyung Kang ),조철현 ( Chul Hyun Cho ),김동완 ( Dong Wan Kim ) 대한골절학회 2014 대한골절학회지 Vol.27 No.1
Dorsal perilunar dislocations are rare traumatic entities. Associated fractures such as carpal bones and radial styloid processes can occur. However, the dorsal perilunar dislocation associated with dislocation of distal radioulnar joint is extremely rare. The authors herein report the case of a 34-year-old man who was presented with transscaphoidal perilunar dislocation which is associated with dislocation of distal radioulnar joint.