NOx의 프로펜 SCR에서 Pt와 Mordenite를 이중으로 코팅한 모노리스 촉매의 활성

강찬순 ( Chan Soon Kang ),유영재 ( Young Jae You ),김기중 ( Ki Jung Kim ),강웅일 ( Ung Il Kang ),정경환 ( Kyong Hwan Chung ),김병현 ( Byung Hyun Kim ),박진화 ( Jin Hwa Park ),안호근 ( Ho Geun Ahn ) 한국화학공학회 2007 화학공학의이론과응용 Vol.10 No.2

NOx의 SCR에서 백금과 모덴나이트를 이중으로 코팅한 모노리스의 촉매활성

강찬순 ( Chan-soon Kang ),유영재 ( Young-jae You ),김기중 ( Ki-joong Kim ),쇼이치기무라 ( Shoichi Kimura ),박진화 ( Jin-hwa Park ),안호근 ( Ho-geun Ahn ) 한국환경기술학회 2004 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.5 No.4

시정장애, 온실효과, 광화학 스모그 등을 일으키는 오염원인 NOx를 배출 이전에 제거하기 위해 프로펜을 환원제로 사용한 선택적 환원 촉매를 연구하였다. 백금 담지촉매는 NO의 산화에 효과적이고 제올라이트계 촉매는 프로펜의 흡착에 유리하므로, 허니컴형 모노리스의 제1층에는 Pt/SiO₂나 Pt/Al₂O₃를 코팅하고 제2층에는 H-mordenite나 Cu-mordenite를 각각 이중으로 wash-coat하여 프로펜에 의한 NO의 환원반응 특성 및 메커니즘을 검토하였다. TEM으로 Pt/SiO₂나 Pt/Al₂O₃촉매에 담지한 백금은 나노크기로 담지 되었으며, SEM 사진에서 제1층과 제2층의 촉매가 이중층으로 잘 코팅되어 있음을 확인하였다. 가장 우수한 NOx의 저감효과를 보인 촉매는 CuM//Pt/Al₂O₃/M으로 250℃에서 75%이상의 NOx 제거효과를 보였고, CuM의 코팅으로 인하여 활성온도 창이 약 50℃ 만큼 저온 쪽으로 이동함과 동시에 훨씬 넓어짐을 알았다. 반응 메카니즘은 제1층의 백금촉매에서는 제2층을 통과한 NO와 산소가 반응하여 NO₂가 되고, NO₂는 제2층의 제올라이트에 흡착된 C₃H₆와 반응하여 CO₂와 H₂O로 변하는 것으로 생각되었다. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust of both automobile and stationary sources are critical concern because these byproducts are toxic environmental pollutants that lead to acid rain and technological challenges have been poured to remove them. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) among the approaches for alleviating NOx emission was much attracted to us because it has much advantage. Zeolites have the advantage for adsorption of propylene, and noble metal catalyst has the advantage for oxidation of NO. Pt/Al₂O₃ or Pt/SiO₂ catalysts were used as the lower layer of double wash-coated monolith catalyst. H-mordenite or Cu-mordenite was coated as the upper layer. The catalytic performance was investigated using a flow type reactor in the presence of oxygen. The double wash-coated catalysts were more active than the catalyst with only zeolite or without upper layer. The catalytic performance of the double wash-coated catalyst was remarkably improved, and temperature window was shifted to lower temperature and broadened. The role of zeolite in upper layer is selectively to permeate NO and oxygen and to adsorb propene. Propene react rapidly with NO₂ formed by NO+O₂ reaction in lower layer. The upper layer was considered to be a membrane that has substantially different permeability and adsorption capacity to the various reactants and products. It was known that the combined noble metal monolith catalyst with zeolite was very effective in removing NOx by SCR with hydrocarbons.

99mTc-HMPAO의 광학이성체 d-, l-Form의 합성과 뇌섭취율 비교

강찬순(Chan Soon Kang),장영수(Young Soo Chang),정재민(Jae Min Jeong),이동수(Dong Soo Lee),정준기(June Key Chung),이강춘(Kang Choon Lee),이명철(Myung Chul Lee) 대한핵의학회 2001 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.35 No.1

N/A Purpose: 99mTc-HMPAO is a radiopharmaceutical for imaging cerebral blood flow. HMPAO (RR, SS)-4,8- diaza-3,6,6,9-tetramethylundecan-2,10- dione bisoxime) has three stereoismers such as, meso-, d-, and l-HMPAO. Techentium complexes of meso-HMPAO and d,l-HMPAO are known to have different in vivo brain uptakes. In this study, enantiomers of HMPAO (d-HMPAO and l-HMPAO) were separated from d,l-HMPAO. These enantiomers were labeled with 99mTc and the biodistribution studies were performed in mice. Materials and Methods: An intermediate imine product was produced from 2,3-butanedione monooxime and 2,2-dimethyl- 1,3-propanediamine (54% yield) and was reduced into a mixture of three isomers (35% yield). The meso-isomer was separated from d,l-mixture by repeated fractional crystallization (11% yield). The d- and l-enantiomers were subsequently separated by co-crystallization with optical isomers of tartaric acid (25% and 5% yield, respectively). Each enantiomeric HMPAO was labeled with 99mTc by reacting with SnCl2·2H2O and 99mTc-pertechnetate. Biodistribution study was performed 1 hr after tail vein injection to ICR mice. Results: Radiochemical purities of each compound were over 80%. In biodistribution study, the brain uptakes of d,l- d- and l-form were 1.34, 1.12 and 1.67% ID/g, respectively. In case of l-Isomer the brain uptake was higher (1.5 fold) than d-isomer. Conclusion: We successfully purified each enantiomeric HMPAO. In biodistribution study of stereoismers of 99mTc-HMPAO in mice, l-HMPAO may show better brain image than d,l-HMPAO which was supplied in a commercial kit. (Korean J Nucl Med 2001;35:69-74)

SiO₂를 코팅한 TEDA 첨착활성탄의 코발트 흡착특성

안호근 ( Ahn Ho-geun ),강찬순 ( Kang Chan-soon ),조규진 ( Cho Gyou-jin ),이명석 ( Lee Myung-seok ) 한국환경기술학회 2003 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.4 No.1

벌꿀 중 동물용의약품 잔류량 모니터링

강은귀(Eun Gui Kang),정용현(Yung Hyeun Jung),정지혜(Ji Hye Jung),김미란(Mi Ran Kim),이경진(Kyung Jin Lee),정진주(Jinjoo Jung),박종석(Jong Seok Park),반경녀(Kyeong Nyeo Bahn),장영미(Young Mi Jang),강찬순(Chan Soon Kang) 한국식품과학회 2010 한국식품과학회지 Vol.42 No.6

기준 설정 전인 2006년 식품의약품안전청에서 실시한 연구과 제의 결과보고서에 의하면 200건 벌꿀 중 네오마이신은 검출되지 않았고, 스트렙토마이신의 경우 23건이 검출되었으며, 아미트라즈(그 대사산물 포함), 코마포스의 경우 각각 10건, 9건의 검출되었다(8). 그러나 기준 설정 후인 본 연구의 모니터링 결과 해당 동물용의약품의 검출율이 현저하게 떨어진 것으로 미루어 볼때 07년 기준 설정 후 설정된 잔류허용기준에 맞춰 관리되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. This research was carried out to investigate residues of neomycin, streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, amitraz, 2,4-dimethylaniline (one of amitraz’s metabolites), and coumaphos in honey in order to intensively control their use following the establishment of Korean maximum residue limits (MRLs) for veterinary drugs in honey in 2007. To monitor for residues, 110 honeys and food products with honey were collected and analyzed. The collected honeys included acasia, mixed flower, chestnut, rape flower, jujube, and native types. Neomycin, streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, oxytetracycline, and amitraz were not detected among samples. Coumaphos was found in the Korean acasia honey at 0.02 mg/kg, but its concentration was under the MRL (0.1 mg/kg) for coumaphos. According to the results, there were no violations of the Korean MRLs of veterinary drugs in honey.

광자극발광법(PSL)에 의한 방사선 조사 건조향신료의 검지 특성

박은령(Eun-Ryong Park),강혜순(Hye-Soon Kang),안현주(Hyun-Joo Ahn),안경아(Kyung-A An),조수열(Soo-Yeul Cho),김희연(Hee-Yun Kim),김동술(Dong-Sul Kim),김도훈(Do-Hoon Kim),강찬순(Chan-Soon Kang) 한국식품과학회 2010 한국식품과학회지 Vol.42 No.2

최근 방사선 조사는 식품의 발아억제, 살충, 살균 및 숙도조절을 위한 화학약품 처리 등의 대체방안 뿐만 아니라 식품의 저장 및 가공기술로서 인정받고 있으며, 우리나라를 비롯한 약 40개국에서 상업적인 조사식품을 생산하고 있어 이에 대한 정확한 정보를 제공하기 위한 신뢰성 있는 검지기술이 요구되고 있다. 방사선 조사식품 검지법 대상 식품 중 건조향신료 19품목에 방사선 조사 최대 허용선량인 10 kGy까지 ??Co 감마선을 단계별로 조사하고 이를 광자극발광법(Photostimulated Luminescence, PSL)을 이용하여 검지특성을 확인하였다. PSL 측정 결과, 건조향신료 19품목 중 14품목은 1 kGy 조사된 시료에서, 1 품목은 5 kGy에서 조사시료(positive)의 threshold value인 5000 이상의 photon count/60 sec로 측정되어 방사선 조사여부의 확인이 가능하였다. 하지만 후추류, 육두구, 계피의 경우는 특이적으로 PSL 측정에 낮은 감도를 보이거나 미네랄 함량이 낮아서 최대 허용선량인 10 kGy 조사시료에서조차 방사선 조사여부의 확인이 불가능하였으며, 이 품목의 경우 열발광분석법(Thermoluminescence, TL) 등을 이용한 방사선 조사여부의 판정이 필요하였다. 또한 식물의 잎을 이용하는 향신료는 비조사 시료와 1 kGy 및 10 kGy 조사시료를 혼합하였을 때, 1 kGy 선량으로 조사된 시료가 1% 혼합된 시료에서도 방사선 조사여부의 확인이 가능하였다. This study attempted to determine whether Photostimulated Luminescence (PSL) is applicable for the detection of post-irradiated foods by measuring the PSL photon counts of unirradiated and irradiated dried spices and herbs. A total of 19 dried spices and herbs was irradiated with a ??Co γ-ray source at 1, 5 and 10 kGy followed by measurement of PSL photon. The photon counts of unirradiated samples below 700 correspond to negative. Fifteen samples irradiated over 1 kGy showed photon counts of more than 5,000, indicating irradiation treatment. Intermediate counts (photon count 700-5,000) were observed in irradiated white/black pepper, nutmeg and cinnamon bark at 10 kGy. These results suggest that it is possible to detect whether dried spices and herbs were irradiated by analyzing PSL, with the exception of white/black pepper, nutmeg and cinnamon bark. Irradiated white/black pepper, nutmeg and cinnamon bark containing low levels of minerals were not sensitive to PSL. Therefore, further investigation is sugguested to be performed by Thermoluminescence (TL) analysis or another validated or standardized method.

고시의약품 시험에 사용되는 유해시약 대체 시험법 개발

김희연(Hee Yun Kim),강현경(Hyun Kyung Kang),최선희(Seon Hee Choi),방수진(Su Jin Bang),한경진(Kyung Jin Han),최승희(Sung Hee Choi),김진희(Jin Hee Kim),이화정(Hwa Jung Lee),강찬순(Chan Soon Kang) 大韓藥學會 2010 약학회지 Vol.54 No.2

Development of alternative testing methods for the replacement of hazardous reagents with less hazardous ones is strongly enforced because exposure of human and environment to hazardous reagents are restricted and hazardous reagents are gradually prohibited from using in various testing methods. Thus, in this study, we developed 8 monographs from the Korean Pharmaceutical Codex by substituting the use of the hazardous reagents including ICH class 1 such as benzene, chloroform and dioxane to the use of less toxic ones like ICH class 2 or 3 reagents. We also improved their qualification and quantification performance. Among 8 monographs, the 6 newly developed TLC methods for the identification of nifedipine, oxolamine citrate, ketoprofen lysinate, chlorquinaldol, retinol acetate, and riboflavin showed a clear spot of corresponding material without any interference in spite of the replacement with ICH class 2 or 3 reagents. For the quantification of domperidone and trimebutine, HPLC methods were developed for the substitution of UV/VIS spectrometry and titrimetry, respectively. These HPLC methods were validated for the linearity, recovery, reproducibility, and inter-laboratory variations. In conclusion, the newly developed methods could be expected to become valuable tools for revising the Korean Pharmaceutical Codex.

Dust Carbon의 조립화 및 흡착제로의 응용에 관한 연구

유영재 ( Young-jae You ),김기중 ( Ki-joong Kim ),강찬순 ( Chan-soon Kang ),이도진 ( Do-jin Lee ),이명석 ( Myung-seok Lee ),안호근 ( Ho-geun Ahn ) 한국환경기술학회 2005 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.6 No.1

코크스 제조공정에서 폐기물로 다량 발생하는 dust carbon을 재활용하기 위하여, 다양한 약품으로 처리하여 비표면적 및 흡착특성을 조사하였다. 또한, 입자상으로 dust carbon을 조립하여 흡착특성 및 활용 가능성을 검토하였다. 약품에 의한 활성화 효과의 서열은 KOH>ZnCl₂>H₃PO₄>HNO₃ 순으로 나타났다. KOH 수용액을 사용하여 활성화하였을 때 다른 약품에 비하여 더 큰 비표면적을 얻을 수 있었고, KOH의 활성화 온도는 1000℃가 가장 적절함을 알았다. 조립 dust carbon을 제조하기 위하여 바인더로 수용성 고분자를 사용하여 성형하였다. 성형한 조립 활성탄에 존재하는 바인더 제거 및 활성화를 위하여 소성하였다. 소성온도는 200∼250℃가 적당함을 알 수 있었고, 비표면적도 조립화 이전과 거의 유사하게 나타났다. 결과적으로, dust carbon을 활성화하여 만든 조립활성탄은 공기 정화용 필터 등 다양한 흡착제로 활용될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. To reutilize the dust carbon spent in the process for cokes production, variation of specific surface area and adsorption characteristics were investigated treating it with various acids and alkali solutions. Also, granulated dust carbon was prepared using the binder. The order for enhancing the adsorption performance by treating agents was KOH > ZnCl₂ > H₃PO₄ > HNO₃. The specific surface area of the dust carbon treated with KOH had the largest, and its optimum treatment temperature was 1000℃. In the prepared granulated dust carbon, calcination temperature was the best in the range of 200∼250℃, and the specific surface area was similar to powdered dust carbon. As a result, it was considered that the granulated dust carbon after activating could be effectively applied to an adsorbent materials for cleaning the air pollutants

국내 유통 농산물 중 EBI계 농약 모니터링과 위해도 평가

이희정(Hee Jung Lee),최원조(Won Jo Choe),이주영(Ju Young Lee),조대현(Dae Hyun Cho),강찬순(Chan Soon Kang),김우성(Woo Seong Kim) 한국식품영양과학회 2009 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.38 No.12

우리 국민의 주식이 되는 쌀(백미)과 콩류, 감귤류, 열대과일류, 엽채류, 엽경채류, 근채류, 과채류, 버섯류에 속하는 농산물(989건)에 대해 8종의 EBI계 농약의 잔류 여부를 분석하였다. 그 결과 8건의 검체에서 농약이 검출되었고 농약수는 5종이 검출되었다. 기준 미설정 농약은 2종이었으며, 곡류 134건 중 4건 검출로 3.0%, 채소류 471건 중 4건 검출로 0.8%의 검출율을 나타내었다. 그 외 콩류(48건), 견과종실류(72건), 과실류(197건), 버섯류(67건)에서는 전혀 검출되지 않았으며 부적합율은 0.1%로 나타났다. 국내 미등록농약인 paclobutrazole이 근대에서 잠정허용기준을 초과하는 것으로 확인되었다. 그리고 EBI계의 검출율은 0.8%로 매우 낮았으며 검출된 농약의 경우도 기준규격 이하로 안전한 수준이었다. Establishment of simultaneous analysis method and monitoring for individually analyzing residual eight ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors, EBI (difenoconazole, diniconazole, fenarimol, fenbuconazole, hexaconazole, myclobutanil, nuarimol and paclobutrazol) pesticides in commercial agricultural products, were conducted. The simultaneous analysis method for the pesticides was established using a GC/MS/MS for EBI pesticides. Residual amount of those pesticides were investigated in 989 commercial agricultural products (fifteen kinds of cereal grains, vegetables, beans, nuts, fruits and mushrooms) from seven metropolitan cities and eight provinces. In EBI pesticides analysis, linearity of GC/MS/MS analysis was 0.9974~0.9992, and that of recoveries were 86~135% with relative standard deviations (RSD) <20%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method ranged from 0.5 to 5.0 ㎎/㎏ for eight EBI pesticides. According to the monitoring of the EBI pesticides in commercial agricultural products, difenoconazole, fenarimol, hexaconazole showed various residual levels (total frequency of 8/989 detection, 0.8%). Paclobutrazole showed in excess levels of the MRLs (maximum residue limits) for pesticides in one chard sample by the Korea Food Code. As a result of exposure assessment on the detected 8 individual pesticides, all pesticides (difenoconazole, fenarimol, hexaconazole, paclobutrazole) were evaluated as safe level in comparison to toxicologically acceptable daily intake.

염산비퀴딜 캡슐 및 알리벤돌 정의 용출시험에 관한 연구

황정분(Joungboon Hwang),구은주(Eun Joo Koo),고서연(Seu Youn Go),조경철(Kyung Chul Cho),문현주(Hyun-Ju Moon),조수열(Soo Yeul Cho),강찬순(Chan Soon Kang),손여원(Yeo Won Shon),김영옥(Young Ok Kim),손경희(Kyung Hee Sohn),조대현(Dae Hyun 대한약학회 2010 약학회지 Vol.54 No.5

The dissolution test method and an analytical procedure by HPLC were developed and validated for viquidil hydrochloride capsules and alibendol tablets. These drugs were not yet characterized by the dissolution specifications in Korean Pharmaceutical Codex. So, with each reference and test drugs, we did the preliminary and standard experiments based on the Korean Pharmacopeia Guideline of dissolution testing for solid oral dosage forms. The dissolution test for viquidil hydrochloride capsules was carried out under sink conditions as follows: dissolution medium water, paddle rotation speed 50 rpm and vessel volume 900 ml. More than 90% of its label amount was released within 30 min in this method. Also the dissolution test for alibendol tablets was carried out under sink conditions as follows: dissolution medium water, paddle rotation speed 100 rpm and vessel volume 900 ml. More than 90% of its label amount was released within 45 min in this method. The dissolution samples were analyzed with a precise and accurate HPLC method. The developed dissolution test showed specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy within the acceptable range. The dissolution testing method described above was adequate for the purpose and may be proposed as a pharmacopeial standard to assess the performance of viquidil hydrochloride capsules and alibendol tablets.