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H2S Gas Sensing Properties of CuO Nanotubes
강우성,박성훈 한국진공학회 2014 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.23 No.6
CuO nanotubes are synthesized using TeO2 nanorod templates for application to H2S gassensors. TeO2 nanorod templates were synthesized by using the VS method through thermalevaporation. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-raydiffraction showed that the synthesized nanotubes were monoclinic-structured polycrystallineCuO with diameter and wall thickness of approximately 100∼300 nm and 5∼10 nm,respectively. The CuO nanotube sensor showed responses of 136∼325% for the H2Sconcentration of 0.1∼5 ppm at room temperature. These response values are approximatelytwice as high as that of the CuO nanowire sensor for the same concentrations of H2S gas. Along with the investigation of the performance of the sensors, the mechanisms of H2S gassensing of the CuO nanotubes are also discussed in this study.
ns-2 기반 WAVE 멀티채널 시뮬레이션 프로그램 작성 및 검증
강우성,정진욱,진교홍,Kang, Woo-Sung,Jung, Jin-Uk,Jin, Kyo-Hong 한국정보통신학회 2011 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.15 No.7
A typical standard of vehicular ad hoc networks, WAVE which consists of IEEE 1609.x Family standards and IEEE 802.11p standard, includes the multi-channel coordination and channel synchronization function to provide safety services or public services during a car is driven. Generally, the performance of data communication and networking technologies is evaluated by using simulation tools, such as ns-2, OPNET, OPNET++, etc. However, these tools doesn't provide the operations of WAVE protocol. Therefore, in this paper, we implement and verify WAVE simulation program based on ns-2. WAVE는 IEEE 1609.x 패밀리 표준들과 IEEE 802.11p 표준으로 구성된 차량 에드혹 네트워크의 대표적인 표준으로 차량 운행시 안전 서비스, 편의 서비스 등을 제공하기 위해 멀티채널 코디네이션과 채널 동기화와 같은 동작들을 포함하고 있다. 데이터 통신 및 네트워킹 기술들은 일반적으로 ns-2, OPNET, 그리고 OPNET++와 같은 시뮬레이터들을 사용하여 그 성능이 평가되지만, 현재까지 이러한 툴들은 WAVE 프로토콜의 동작들을 제공하고 있지 않다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 ns-2를 기반으로 하여 WAVE 멀티채널 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 작성하고 검증하였다.
브랜드에 대한 부정적 기사내용이 브랜드 평가에 미치는 영향 : 브랜드 전략 유형과 선호정도에 따른 차이를 중심으로
강우성,유창조,김대영 한국마케팅관리학회 2015 마케팅관리연구 Vol.20 No.3
The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the effects of negative publicity on consumers’ brand attitude as well as the spillover effects on other brands in the brand hierarchy. Specifically, this study attempts to understand the moderating roles of branding strategy and consumers’ prior attitude in the negative spillover effects. Based on extant literature, we propose research hypotheses and empirically validate them. In order to increase the external validity, we choose two real brands each from familiar product categories (automobile and noodle). We conduct an online experiment using newspaper articles for these brands and collect data from 195 respondents. Our results show that a negative publicity on one brand can affect consumers’ attitudes on other brands in the hierarchy differently. This effect depends on the strength of cognitive network structure between the focal brand and the other related brands. We also find the magnitude and range of spillover effect also differ depending on branding strategy and prior attitude. Similar to previous studies we find that the negative publicity changes the attitudes toward the focal brand, the company brand, and the other related brands. With respect to brand strategy, the equal dominance branding has bigger impacts on the corporate brand more than the individual branding does. With respect to prior attitude, preferred brands are more likely to be influenced by the negative publicity (contrast effect), whereas the spillover effects are less likely (compromise effect). Based on these findings, we discuss the academic contributions and managerial implications. We conclude with limitations and future research directions. 본 연구의 목적은 언론을 통해 제공되는 특정 제품 및 브랜드에 대한 부정적인 정보가 해당 브랜드에 대한 소비자 평가에, 그리고 더 나아가 해당 기업 전체의 브랜드 계층구조상의 관련된 브랜드들에게는 어떠한 파급효과를 미치는지 검증하는 것이다. 특히 이러한 부정적 태도변화의 파급효과가 브랜드전략 및 소비자의 사전태도에 따라 어떻게 조절되는지에 대해서 이해하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 관련 선행연구들을 바탕으로 연구가설을 제시한 다음, 부정적 기사의 효과와 관련된 가설을 실증적으로 검증하였다. 연구결과의 외적 타당성을 높이기 위해 응답자들에게 익숙한 복수의 제품군 (자동차, 라면)과 회사들의 실제 브랜드들을 실험대상으로 선정하였다. 이들 브랜드에 대한 부정적 기사내용을 제작하여 195명을 대상으로 온라인 실험을 진행하였다. 본 연구에서는 특정브랜드에 대한 부정적인 기사는 브랜드 계층구조상의 여러 브랜드들에 상이하게 영향을 미치며 이는 해당브랜드와의 연결강도에 따라 다르게 나타나며, 이러한 영향력의 크기와 파급효과는 브랜드전략과 선호도에 따라 달라짐을 확인하였다. 기존연구와 유사하게 특정 브랜드에 대한 부정적 기사는 해당브랜드, 제조회사, 타 개별브랜드 모두에 대한 소비자의 태도를 부정적으로 변화시켰다. 브랜드전략에 있어서는 동등형 브랜드전략을 사용하는 경우 개별형 브랜드전략을 사용하는 경우보다 제조회사에 대한 태도가 더욱 부정적으로 변하며, 태도변화의 파급효과도 더 많이 제조회사로 파급되었다. 브랜드에 대한 사전 선호도가 높은 경우에는 대조효과로 인해 해당브랜드의 태도가 더 많이 부정적으로 변함을 확인하였으나, 반면에 태도변화의 파급효과는 동화효과로 인해 제조회사나 타 개별브랜드로의 파급효과는 크게 줄어들었음을 발견하였다. 본 연구는 이러한 연구결과를 중심으로 학술적 기여도와 관리적 시사점들을 논의하였고, 연구의 한계점과 함께 다양한 향후 연구방향을 제시하였다.
인진청간탕(茵蔯淸肝湯)이 HepG2 cell의 $TNF-\alpha$ 신호전달계에 미치는 영향(影響)
강우성,김영철,이장훈,우홍정,Kang Woo-Sung,Kim Young-Chul,Lee Jang-Hoon,Woo Hong-Jung 대한한방내과학회 2004 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.25 No.1
Objectives : The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Injinchunggan-tang on $TNF-{\alpha}$ signal transmission system. Materials and Methods : We analyzed the following with quantitative RT-PCR method; the effect of Injinchunggan-tang on secretion of $TNF-\alpha$ mRNA/protein and stability, the effect on gene revelation that consists of signal transmission system (TRAIL, NIK, A20, TRADD, RAIDD, RIP TNFR-I, TNFR-II, TRAF1, TRAF2, FADD), the one on activation of p38, Erk1/2 MAPK and the rate of nuclear $NF-{\kappa}B/cytosolic\;NF-{\kappa}B$ in HepG2 cell. We also analyzed the inhibitory effect of Injinchunggan-tang on the apoptosis of HepG2 cell that $TNF-{\alpha}$ induces and the $NF-{\kappa}B$ restraint effected by transfection of $I{\kappa}B{\Delta}N$ through tryphan blue exclusion assay. Results : Injinchunggan-tang prohibits revelation of $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA in HepG2 cell and the creation of protein. However, it has no effect on the stability of $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA. While it did not have any effect on the generation of TRAIL, NIK, A20, TRADD, RAIDD and RIP genes, Injinchunggan-tang reduces the revelation of TNFR-I, TNFR-II, TRAF1, TRAF2 and FADD genes. It has been confirmed that Injinchunggan-tang restraints the revelation of $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA that is promoted by ethanol, acetaldehyde, lipopolysaccharide, in proportion to the treatment density and time. It activated $NF-{\kappa}B$ of HepG2 cell and promoted activation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ that is occurred by $TNF-{\alpha}$. It has been observed that the restraint effect against the $TNF-{\alpha}$ inducing apoptosis is lost when it is intercepted the function of $NF-{\kappa}B$ in HepG2 cell. Conclusion: It has been confirmed that Injinchunggan-tang has restraining effect against the revelation of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and mRNA that is constituent element of TNF-a signal transmission system. It also has been revealed that it restraints the activation of p38, Erk1/2 by $TNF-{\alpha}$. Through this prohibiting effect, it is inferred that it restraints signal transmission among various cells that are related to inflammation reaction. Meanwhile, Injinchunggan-tang protects liver cell from apoptosis that is caused by $TNF-{\alpha}$, by maintaining the activating function for $NF-{\kappa}B$.
평균 수명 이상의 고령 위암 환자에서의 D2 림프절 절제술의 안정성
강우성,정오,정미란,김호군,류성엽,박영규,김동의,김영진,Kang, Woo Sung,Cheong, Oh,Jeong, Mi Ran,Kim, Ho Goon,Ryu, Sung Yeop,Park, Yeong Kyu,Kim, Dong Yi,Kim, Young Jin 대한위암학회 2008 대한위암학회지 Vol.8 No.2
목적: 고령 위암환자의 근치적 절제 후 생존율은 약년층에 비해 낮지 않다고 보고되고 있으나 고령 환자에 대한 적절한 수술 범위에 대해서는 저자들마다 이견이 많다. 본 연구에서는 D2 림프절 절제술이 시행된 고령 위암환자들의 수술 후 경과 및 합병증에 관하여 분석하여 고령 환자에서 D2 림프절 절제술의 안정성을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2004년 5월부터 2007년 5월까지 위암으로 근치적 위절제를 시행 받은 1,251명 중 D2 림프절 절제술을 시행 받았던 946명을 대상으로 국내 평균수명인 남자 73세, 여자 80세 이상을 고령환자로 구분 하여 비 고령 환자와 비교하였다. 결과: 전체 고령 환자 120명 가운데 86명(72.2%)에게 D2 이상의 림프절 절제술이 시행되었다. 고령 D2 림프절제술 환자의 남녀비는 11.3:1이었고, 평균 연령은 $76.2{\pm}3.1$세였다. 62명에서 위원위부절제술, 24명에서 위전절제술이 시행되었으며 이 중 16명(17.6%)은 주변장기를 합병 절제하였다. 수술 후 합병증은 22명(25.6%)에서 발생하였고 1명(1.2%)이 사망하였다. 전체 D2 림프절 절제환자를 대상으로 한 단변량 분석에서 고령환자에서 유의하게 합병증 발생율이 높았으나(P=0.003) 다변량 분석에서 ASA score와 동반절제 여부만이 독립적인 합병증 발생 위험인자였으며 고령은 포함되지 않았다. 결론: D2 림프절 절제에 있어서 고령 자체는 독립적인 합병증 발생 위험인자가 아니었다. ASA score가 높지 않고 기저질환이 없는 평균 수명 이상의 고령환자에게서 D2 림프절 절제술은 안전하게 시행될 수 있다고 생각된다. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of D2 lymphadenectomy in elderly patients with gastric cancerby comparing the surgical outcomes and postoperative courses between an elderly group and a control group undergoing the same procedure. Materials and Methods: Clinical information was reviewed for 1251 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy between May 2004 and May 2007. Patients were classified into the following two groups: an elderly group (older than the average life span in Korea) and a control group (younger than the elderly group). Clinicopathologic features and postoperative courses after D2 lymphadenectomy were reviewed and compared between the two groups. Results: There were a total of 120 (9%) elderly group patients among all those reviewed, and 86 (72.2%) of them underwent D2 lymphadenectomy. There was 27.5% postoperative morbidity in the elderly group, which was significantly different from thecontrol group (12.8%, p=0.003). However, on multivariate analysis, ASA score and combined resection were independent predictive factors of postoperative complications, while age was not predictive. Conclusion: Older age is not a predictive factor of postoperative complications in itself, and D2 lymphadenectomy can be safely performed in elderly patients with gastric cancer, provided they have good ASA scores and do not undergo accompanying combined resection.
The Vietnamization of the Korean War in The Manchurian Candidate (1962)
강우성 문학과영상학회 2016 문학과영상 Vol.17 No.2
The paper I am proposing concerns the problem of racial unconscious in American culture. To be specific, I am trying to clarify and explicate the implications of what I call “the ideologization of Korean War” in American war literature and film, delving into the deep-seated guilt and fear of American POW experiences in the so called “forgotten war.” Caught between the national heroes of the World War II and the wounded but self-determined veterans of the Vietnam War, POWs of the Korean War have been treated as nuisance, or even a national trauma in American society; their experience was neither properly acknowledged nor entirely repressed in various cultural representations. The significance of the Korean War has often been down-sized when it was culturally necessary to forget how they failed in Asian misadventures, but forcefully fore-grounded as a typical event to start off the long and complicated drama of the Cold War. Korean War films like The Bridges at Toko-Ri and The Manchurian Candidate, as well as their fictional narratives, subtly demonstrate how Korean War has been accepted and at the same time repressed in American culture as a contradictory but threatening affair, which has chiefly to do with racial and red scare towards the Asian communist Other. Especially, The Manchurian Candidate, brilliantly shows that Korean war is not entirely forgotten but remains to this day a distorted image or a powerful ideology in service of racial containment in American cultural politics. Still, the film unexpectedly illustrates how Korean War would work as an ideologized image in American culture, a far fancier ghost than the Vietnamese counterpart for the obliteration of national trauma at the time of cultural crisis.
Virus-ex-machina and Political Revolution
강우성 한국영어영문학회 2020 영어 영문학 Vol.66 No.2
Slavoj Žižek’s Pandemic!: Covid-19 Shakes the World is his latest intervention into the politics of virus and disaster. Pandemic! is the collection of essays written in the middle of viral outbreak, a philosophical and political reflection on the pandemic itself and its global implication in the post-viral era to come. Žižek recommends that what is to be done is not to panic or be disappointed at the irrevocability of the normal: that normality is actually what produced the viral outbreak. Throughout this book, Žižek is both a theorist of ecological justice insisting on the human culpability as the main culprit of the viral disaster and a political materialist who never tires himself of configuring the viability of a certain kind of communism beyond neoliberal capitalism in the post-viral global world. In this respect, virus should not be dealt with as enemy, malignant bacteria like cancer cells: the viral problem is totally cultural and up to the host organism. This problématique continues in his theoretical polemics with Han Byung-chul’s myopic diagnosis of the hard reality under capitalism and Giorgio Agamben’s pre-meditated, unrealistic critique of the possibility of biopolitics and “surveillance” in the state-driven quarantine and lockdown. Žižek dreams in this reflection on the signs of the times of viral catastrophe the appearance of new form of communism or “co-immunism,” which will be radically different from the Chinese authoritarian state-capitalism and the neoliberal re-normalization of disaster capitalism.