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강석구 ( Seok Gu Kang ),박관 ( Kwan Park ) 대한뇌종양학회 2004 대한뇌종양학회지 Vol.3 No.2
Lateral ventricular neoplasms are rare(1% of the tumors of the central nervous system), and because most tumors are benign or low grade, permanent cure can be achieved with complete removal. After adequate preoperative imaging discloses a lateral ventricular mass, the neurosurgeon has several options to choose from when determining the ideal surgical approach to the tumor. The surgical approach sometimes is quite difficult, particularly in the dominant hemisphere. The surgical approach cannot be standardized, because the specific location, size, and vascularization of these deep-seated tumors are fundamental elements influencing the choice of surgical approach. Although access to the lateral ventricles may require additional preoperative considerations and planning, the combination of proper knowledge of the cortical and intraventricular anatomy with the familiarity and selection of an appropriate surgical approach will optimize the surgical outcome. The size, site, hemisphere and vascularization of intraventricular tumors influence the choice of surgical approach.
다양한 작동유체로 충전된 폐쇄 루프 맥동 히트파이프 내부 유동패턴 비교
강석구(Seok Gu Kang),김성근(Seong Keun Kim),히발 아흐메드(Hibal Ahmad),정성용(Sung Yong Jung) 한국가시화정보학회 2019 한국가시화정보학회지 Vol.17 No.3
Thermal performance and flow patterns inside the closed loop pulsating heat pipe (CLPHP) were experimentally investigated. For investigating the effect of working fluids, CLPHP was filled with various working fluids including methanol, acetone and ethanol. The thermal resistance was calculated by temperatures in evaporator and condenser and flow patterns were visualized by a digital camera. The thermal resistances for all fluids were decreased as the heat increases. Flow patterns change from static slug to elongated slug flows, bulk circulation and annular flows as the heat increases. Dry-out occurs after annular flows. For reasonable comparison of thermal performances, normalized CHF, Kutateladze number (Ku), was compared. Even though ethanol has smallest CHF, Ku of ethanol is similar with that of methanol. In addition, acetone has the highest Ku that means CLPHP with acetone provides the higher thermal performance compared with CLPHP with other fluids.
임상 : 내시경을 사용한 경비적 경접형동 수술에서의 뇌척수액 유출 예방에 대한 고찰
박준상 ( Jun Sang Park ),강석구 ( Seok Gu Kang ),홍용길 ( Yong Gil Hong ),전신수 ( Sin Soo Jeun ) 대한뇌종양학회 2012 대한뇌종양학회지 Vol.11 No.2
Objectives:The endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETSA) is increasingly being used to treat pituitary adenomas and other sellar/suprasellar pathologies. One important complication of the transsphenoidal approach is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage, which occurs in 0.4 to 9% of cases. We report our experience with EETSA and describe the me-thods that we use to prevent CSF leakage. Methods:A single surgeon performed EETSA on 170 consecutive patients between Feb 2004 and Apr 2011. Patients were divided into three groups based on their CSF leakage status as follows: no CSF leakage, minor CSF leakage, and major CSF leakage. Sellar floor reconstruction was performed according to this classification. In the no-CSF leakage group, sellar floor reconstruction was performed with oxidative cellulose (Surgicel®) only. In the second group (minor CSF leakage), sellar floor reconstruction was performed using autologous fat and bone grafts. Patients in the third group (major CSF leakage) underwent an additional reconstructive procedure of the skull base using the pedicled septal mucosal flap. Results:Of 170 patients, 30 (17.6%) showed CSF leakage in the operation field ; 24 (14.1%) were classified as having minor CSF leakage and 6 (3.5%) patients were classified as having major CSF leakage. Post-operative CSF leakage occurred in only two cases. Conclusion:CSF leakage, though relatively common in the operation field, can be prevented effectively with adequate reconstruction techniques. Assignment of patients to one of three groups based on their CSF leakage in the operation field and sellar floor reconstruction based on this classification resulted in favorable postoperative outcomes.
이홍재(Hong Jae Lee),강석구(Seok Gu Kang),이태규(Tae Gyu Lee),이관성(Kwan sung Lee),전신수(Sin soo Jeun),이상원(Sang Won Lee),홍용길(Yong Gil Hong),박춘근(Chun kun Park),김문찬(Moon Chan Kim) 대한두개저학회 2007 대한두개저학회지 Vol.2 No.1
During recent years it has been demonstrated that subgroups of brain stem glioma may be associated with a better prognosis than others. We investigated some correlations between the pathological findings and radiologic (magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography) imaging appearance of 13 brain stem gliomas, which were able to follow up over 1 year. The growth patterns of brain stem glioma was observed retrospectively. 8 cases were low grade gliomas and 5 cases were high grade gliomas that included three definite diffuse brain stem gliomas in magnetic resonance imagings even though these tumors were not confirmed by pathologist. Superior and dorsal exophytic growth patterns was observed in low grade brain stem glioma and multidirectional growth patterns in high grade brain stem glioma. According to this observation, growth of low grade brain stem glioma has stereotypical growth pattern by barrier and high grade glioma was unhindered by barrier. Growth patterns of brain stem glioma will help to assess the histological grade and establish the therapeutic plan.
임상 : 쥐 골수 기질 세포의 면역 효과 세포로의 활성화
김효창 ( Hyo Chang Kim ),강석구 ( Seok Gu Kang ),전신수 ( Sin Soo Jeun ),유도성 ( Do Sung Yoo ),허필우 ( Pil Woo Huh ),조경석 ( Kyung Souk Cho ),김달수 ( Dal Soo Kim ),박춘근 ( Chun Kun Park ) 대한뇌종양학회 2006 대한뇌종양학회지 Vol.5 No.1
Object:Marrow stromal cells(MSCs) have been shown to have the capacity of orthodox and unorthodox plasticity. In this study, the authors tried to differentiate MSCs into immune effector cell and also to access in vitro cytotoxicity of MSCs from rat. Methods:Rat MSCs(rMSCs) were isolated by standard methodology and were activated by interleukin-2(IL-2), interleukin- 15(IL-15), colony stimulating factor GM-CSF, and combinations. Phenotypes of these various activated cells were determined using flow cytometry. The secreted protein from effector cells was estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cytotoxicity of rMSCs and activated rMSCs against the target cells(9L rat glioma cell line) were estimated using visual survival cell assay. The expression of immune response related genes in activated cells was measured. Results:After various cytokines activation of rMSCs, the population of immune effector cells(CD8, CD161a) and immune reaction related proteins(IL-4, γ-INF) were increased. There was a significant cytotoxicity of rMSCs activated with various cytokine combinations. Apoptosis may be one of the lysis mechanism of target cells by activated rMSCs. The contributing genes could be γ-INF, FasL and perforin. Conclusion:This study suggests that rMSC may differentiate into immune effector cells and have cytotoxic capability against malignant glioma cells. However, we have to investigate orthotopic animal study for the proper translation.
내시경을 사용한 경비적 경접형동 수술에서의 뇌척수액 유출 예방에 대한 고찰
박준상 ( Jun Sang Park ),강석구 ( Seok Gu Kang ),홍용길 ( Yong Gil Hong ),전신수 ( Sin Soo Jeun ) 대한뇌종양학회 대한신경종양학회 2014 Brain Tumor Research and Treatment Vol.2 No.1
Objectives:The endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EETSA) is increasingly being used to treat pituitary ad-enomas and other sellar/suprasellar pathologies. One important complication of the transsphenoidal approach is cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) leakage, which occurs in 0.4 to 9% of cases. We report our experience with EETSA and describe the methods that we use to prevent CSF leakage. Methods:A single surgeon performed EETSA on 170 consecutive patients between Feb 2004 and Apr 2011. Patients were divided into three groups based on their CSF leakage status as follows: no CSF leakage, minor CSF leakage, and major CSF leakage. Sellar floor reconstruction was performed according to this classification. In the no-CSF leakage group, sel-lar floor reconstruction was performed with oxidative cellulose (Surgicel®) only. In the second group (minor CSF leakage), sellar floor reconstruction was performed using autologous fat and bone grafts. Patients in the third group (major CSF leakage) underwent an additional reconstructive procedure of the skull base using the pedicled septal mucosal flap. Results:Of 170 patients, 30 (17.6%) showed CSF leakage in the operation field ; 24 (14.1%) were classified as having minor CSF leakage and 6 (3.5%) patients were classified as having major CSF leakage. Post-operative CSF leakage occurred in only two cases. Conclusion:CSF leakage, though relatively common in the operation field, can be prevented effectively with adequate reconstruction techniques. Assignment of patients to one of three groups based on their CSF leakage in the operation field and sellar floor reconstruction based on this classification resulted in favorable postoperative outcomes.