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강상조(Sang Jo Kang),이진오(Jin Oh Lee) 한국여성체육학회 2007 한국여성체육학회지 Vol.21 No.4
The purpose of this study was to verify whether rating of perceived exertion scale as the estimate value of heart rate per minute maintains its accuracy and interval scale. To achieve the objective of this research, heart rate per minute of 32 women(age: 21.13±0.49, BMI: 19.86±1.90) students attending the department of physical education of D University was measured simultaneously by using BPES and POLAR heart rate monitor (applying Bruce protocol) at interval of 1 minute from 30 seconds after the commencement of movement load to measure the maximum oxygen intake quantity to the moment until they can no longer exercise. To check whether BPES accurately estimates heart rate, technical error of measurement (TEM) was calculated between the average heart rate per minute measured at each stage of BPES and the heart rate measured by POLAR which was used as basic measurement. Then, Rasch rating scale model was used to verify the interval scale of BPES. The analysis showed relation of 98(6), 105(7), 107(8), 114(9), 114(10), 128(11), 131(12), 149(13), 156(14), 168(15), 170(16), 180(17), 181(18), 188(19), 193(20) between average heart rate per minute at each state (6~20) of BPES and the stage of BPES. The correlation(r) between them was .99, very high value and TEM was relatively high, showing 13.93bpm(%TEM: 10.11%). Applying Rasch model(FACET 2.7) to verify interval scale, logit score at each stage was -1.51(6), -1.18(7), -1.1(8), -0.86(9), -0.74(10), -0.55(11), -0.38(12), -0.04(13), 0.18(14), 0.49(15), 0.7(16), 0.92(17), 1.11(18), 1.24(19), 1.69(20) at each stage of BPES. The rank coincided with BPES, but it was proven that each stage of BPES did not maintain interval scale. Thus, it is required to pay attention when using BPES as interval scale or utilizing it to predict heart rate per minute.
강상조(Sang Jo Kang) 한국체육측정평가학회 2011 한국체육측정평가학회지 Vol.13 No.1
심사자의 평정은 체육, 스포츠 분야에서 학생/선수의 실기능력을 평가하는데 중심적인 역할을 담당하고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 실제 평정상황에서 심사자 수는 평정의 신뢰도 수준과 관계없이 결정되고 있는 것이 현실이다. 예를들면 여러 심사자가 심사해야 할 경우에도 한 심사자로 대신하는 경우가 적지 않다. 뿐만 아니라 경기종목에 따라 심사자 수가 다르고 동일 경기에서도 그 비중에 따라 심사자 수가 5명에서 3명까지 차별적으로 선정되고 있다. 이와 같이 심사자 수는 상황에 따라 변동이 가능한 변수 중의 하나가 되고 있다. 심사자 수를 적게 하면 안 된다는 법은 없으나 심사자 수를 적게 하면 그 신뢰도는 낮을 수밖에 없다. 그동안 심사자간 신뢰도를 추정하기 위한 방법이 적지 않게 제안되어 활용되어왔으나 각 방법에 대한 충분한 검토 없이 연구 상황에 적용된 사례도 적지 않게 발견되고 있다. 이글에서는 그동안 활용되어온 방법 중 Pearson의 r과 유목내상관계수(ICC)를 비교하고 체육연구에 이를 적절하게 사용할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. 제안된 세 가지 ICC 모형과 적절한 신뢰도 유형을 선정하는 절차가 흐름도를 이용하여 제시되었다. Judge`s rating plays an important role in assessing performance of students and athletes in the field of physical education and sports. Nonetheless, the number of judges has been determined without much consideration for reliability. For example, a single judge is often considered while sufficient number of judges are required to make objective decisions. In addition, the number of judges depends on a type of sports, and it has been chosen differently from 3 judges to 5 judges even in the same game. While there is no definite threshold in determining minimum number of judges, fewer judges reduce reliability. Number of methods for estimating inter-rater reliability have been introduced and applied in the field; however, cases were reported in the studies that applied the estimation method without having an adequate review. In this tutorial, commonly used inter-rater reliability estimation methods, Pearson r and Intraclass correlation (ICC), will be reviewed. The tutorial will also provide a guideline on how these methods should be used in the field of physical education and sports. Three ICC models and the procedures for selecting the appropriate type of reliability are illustrated in the following flowchart.