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육용종계 종란의 보관온도에 따른 입란 전 저장기간이 부화율에 미치는 영향
강보석,서옥석,나재천,김상호,김학규,장병귀,김태호,이상진,하정기 한국가금학회 2002 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.29 No.2
This study was performed to evaluate effects of different holding temperatures and storing periods during the pre-incubation period on egg hatchability of hens egg in broiler breeders. For the treatments 1(T1)~7(T7), which were stored fur 1(T1) to 7 days(T7) before egg incubation, respectively. There were three replicates per treatment and forty eggs per replicate. This study was performed twice, which were 40(Summer) and 50 weeks of age(Autumn) in broiler breeders. Storing ambient temperature of egg, egg weight, at 0 and 18 days during incubation, fertility, hatchability and embryo mortality were examined. Average hatchability was rapidly decreased only in Summer. Although it was not significantly different in Autumn. This experiment was concluded that storing periods of hatchery egg was influenced hatchability, especially in high ambient temperature conditions(Summer, above <TXT>$25^{\circ}C$</TXT> ). In conclusion, we found out that optimum hatchability can be achieved with a storage temperature of 13 ~<TXT>$19^{\circ}C$</TXT> for broiler breeder eggs stored for up to 7 days. 본 연구는 육용종계 종란의 보관조건에 따른 입란전 보관 기간이 부화율에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 산란 후 입란전 종란보관기간을 달리한 7개 처리, 즉 1일 보관 (T1)에서부터 7일 보관(T7)으로 시험을 실시하였다. 각 처리당3개의 반복을 두어 반복당40개의 종란을 공시하였다. 본 연구는 종계의 주령이 40주령인 여름과 50주령인 가을에 실시하였다. 저장온도에 따른 입란전 종란의 저장기간동안 발육후 18일째의 입란대비 감량률, 수정률, 부화율 및 발육중배자 사망률을 조사하였다. 시험결과 종계의 주령이 40주령인 여름철에는 보관기간이 길어짐에 따라 부화율이 급격하게 하락하여 3일 이상 보관시에는 1~2일 보관보다 낮아 통계적 유의차가 인정되었다(P<.05). 종계의 주령이 50주령인 가을철에는 보관기간에 따른 부화율의 차이는 인정되지 않았다(P<.05). 결론적으로 외기 환경온도가 높을 때(여름철, 25 <TXT>$25^{\circ}C$</TXT>이상) 3일 이상의 종란보관은 부화율에 큰 영향을 미치며, 1주일 이상 보관시 부화율 저하를 방지하기 위해서는 13~<TXT>$19^{\circ}C$</TXT>의 온도에 보관하는 것이 바람직함을 입증하였다.
한국재래닭의 육용실용계의 발육 및 육질특성 구명 연구 1. 사료 급여체계에 따른 한국재래닭 육용실용계의 발육능력
강보석,이상진,김상호,김웅배,오봉국 한국가금학회 1998 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.25 No.3
This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of feeding system on performance in Korean Native Commercial Chicken. A total 864 birds produced from (Cornish ♂ X (Korean Native Chicken ♂ XRhode Island Red♀)♀ ] crossbreeds in National Livestock Research Institute, for 16 weeks. Feeding system of T1 and T$_2$ were same types from hatch to 8 weeks, starter diets(O~4 weeks, mash, ME 3,100kcal, CP 22.94%), grower diets(4~8 weeks, crumble, ME 3,100kcal, CP 19.31%). Nutrient content of finisher diets of T$_1$(pellet, ME 3,200kcal, CP 20.44%) was higher than T$_2$(mash, ME 3,100kcal, CP 14.88%) in order to improve meat quality for 8~16 weeks. Fertility and hatchability of Korean Native Commercial Chicken was 83.9% and 69.7%, respectively. Viabilities of T$_1$ and T$_2$ at 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks were 98.8%, 97.9%, 96.5% and 99.1%, 95. 8%, 92.8%, 90.3%, respectively. The viability of 0 to 8 weeks was not significantly in feed treatments, but 12 and 16 weeks was significantly T$_1$ higher than T$_2$(P<0.05). Body weights of T$_1$and T$_2$ at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks were 551g, 1,379g, 2,441g, 3,056g and 554g, 1,360g, 2,254g, 2,956g, respectively. The body weight of 0 to 8 weeks was not significantly feed treatments but 12 and 16 weeks was significantly T1 higher than T$_2$(P<0.05). Feed conversion of T$_1$ and T$_2$ to 4, 8,12 and 16 weeks were 1.91, 2.28, 3.34, 4.23 and 1.90, 2.28, 3.53, 4.46, respectively. The feed conversion of 0 to 8 weeks was not significantly feed treatments but 12 and 16 weeks was significantly T$_1$ lower than T$_2$(P<0.05). The ME intake 1 bird per 1 day of T$_1$ and T$_2$were 3S9kcal, 357kca1, respectively, not significantly feed treatments but CP intake were 24.8g, 20.3g, respectively. T$_2$ was lower than T$_1$(P<o.05) for 16 weeks. The ME requirement per kg body weight gain of T$_1$ and T$_2$were 13,426kca1, 13,819Ykcal, respectively, not significantly feed treatments but CP requirement per kg body weight gain were 928g, 763g, respectively, T$_2$ was lower than T$_1$(P<0.05).
한국재래닭과 Rhode Island Red의 교잡에 의한 주요 경제형질의 잡종강세 효과 추정 1. 한국재래닭과 Rhode Island Red 교잡종의 부화 및 육성능력
강보석,정일정,이상진,김상호,오봉국,최광수 한국가금학회 1997 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.24 No.3
This study was conducted to estimate the hatching and growing performance, and heterosis of Korean Native Chicken(KNC), Rhode Island Red(RIR) and KNC XRIR crossbred. A total of 1,274 female pullets were produced from KNC, RIR and KNC x RIR crossbred kept in National Live-stock Research Institute, Korea. The experiment was conducted for 20 weeks from Sep. 2, 1995 to Jan. 20,1996. Hatchabilities of KNC dark brown strain x RlR(DR), KNC light brown strain x RlR (LR) and KNC dark black strain x RlR(BR) were 77.3%, 73.6% and 72.5%, respectively. Viabilities up to 20 weeks of age were not significantly (P>0.05) different among purebreds and crossbred. Body weights of DR, LR and BR were 1,890 g, 1,849 g and 1,967 g, respectively, at 20 weeks of age. The feed conversion ratio(feed /gain) of DR, LR, and BR were 5.88, 6.07 and 5.87, respectively, up to 20 weeks of age. Average shank lengths of DR, LR and BR were 97.1 mm, 98.9 mm and 99.4 mm, respectively, at 20 weeks of age. The heterosis effects were estimated to be -0. 48%, and 12.58%, respectively, in fertility and hatchability. Up to 20 weeks of age, the heterosis effects were estimated to be 0.07%, 13.49%, -5.77%, and 3.52% in viability, body weight, feed conversion ratio, and shank length, respectively.
강보석 대한양계협회 2001 월간 양계 Vol.33 No.4
닭에 있어서 가장 좋은 생산성을 얻기 위한 이상적인 온도는 닭의 나이에 따라 다양한데, 입추시와 병아리일 경우는 약 $31\~32^{\circ}C$ 정도이고, 성계가 되면 약 $18.5\~21.0^{\circ}C$ 정도이다. 온도가 너무 높으면 사료섭취량이 감소하며 정도가 심하면 심한 열 축적으로 인한 스트레스로 폐사에 이르기도 한다. 또한 닭에 필요한 최적의 상대습도는 약 $50\~70\%$ 라는 것은 누구나 다 알고 있을 것이다. 습도가 높으면 계사를 젖게 하고 깔짚 상태를 악화시켜 유해가스 발생을 촉진하고 닭들이 열 스트레스를 쉽게 받는다. 적절한 환기를 해줌으로써 상대습도를 컨트롤 할 수 있게 되고 그에 따라 암모니아 가스의 축적을 방지할 수 있다. 계사의 환경은 컨트롤할 때 이러한 모든 요소들은 서로 관련돼서 영향을 끼치기 때문에 이러한 모든 요소들을 복합적으로 생각하지 않고 하나의 요소만 가지고 조절할 수는 없는 것이다. 본 고에서는 온도, 습도가 닭의 생리에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 온도와 습도를 최적으로 조절하기 위한 환기에 대해서 고찰해보고자 한다.