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우리나라의 대(對) 개도국 원조는 경제협력 증진에 기여했는가?: 우리나라 ODA가 중점협력국 수출 및 해외직접투자에 미친 영향 실증 분석
강경표 ( Kyung-pyo Kang ),강준모 ( Jun-mo Kang ) 서울대학교 한국행정연구소 2018 行政論叢 Vol.56 No.3
본 논문은 우리나라의 공적개발원조(ODA)가 24개 중점혐력국에 대한 수출과 해외직접투자에 어떠한 영향을 미쳤는지를 분석함으로써 ODA가 경제협력 제고에 효과적이었는지를 공여국 입장에서 평가하는데 초점을 맞추고 있다. 이를 위해 2007-2016년 기간의 패널 자료를 바탕으로 중력 모형을 구축하였으며 내생성 문제를 극복하기 위해 고정효과 모형, 시스템 GMM 추정방법을 사용하는 한편 ‘원조기관 파견 직원수’를 도구변수로 활용하여 분석의 정확성을 높이고자 하였다. 분석 결과 ODA가 수출과 해외직접투자에 전반적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 중점혐력국이 산업 및 교역 구조 등이 다양한 국가들로 구성되어 ODA가 수출에 미치는 직접효과 및 투자를 통한 간접효과 등이 혼재되어 일부 상쇄되는 데 기인하는 것으로 보인다. 따라서 “ODA를 통해 단기간 내 가시적인 경제협력 성과를 도출”한다는 전제 자체를 재검토하여 국가별 발전 수준 등에 따라 적절한 경협 수단을 선택하는 것이 필요하다. This paper analyzes the effect of Korea’s Official Development Assistance(ODA) on exports and overseas direct investment to priority ODA partner countries based on panel data from 24 countries between 2007 and 2016. In order to solve the endogeneity problem and enhance the accuracy of the estimation, a fixed-effects model and system GMM as well as introducing ‘number of ODA agency staff’ as an instrumental variable. The analysis found that the effects of ODA on exports and overseas direct investments were not significant overall, contrary to the common idea. These findings may be due to the fact that the ODA priority partner countries range so widely in their composition that the direct and indirect impact of ODA is likely to be mixed and offset., This paper suggests based on the empirical analysis that optimal policy tools are required for proper policy goals in accordance with the specific development level of recipient countries.
혈관내피세포에서 방사선 조영제에 의해서 유발된 아포프토시스에 대한 adrenomedullin의 세포보호 효과
강경표 ( Kyung Pyo Kang ),이애신 ( Ae Sin Lee ),정유진 ( Yu Jin Jung ),김덕훈 ( Duk Hoon Kim ),고강석 ( Kang Suk Ko ),최경화 ( Kyoung Hwa Choi ),정영욱 ( Young Wook Jeong ),김이식,이식 ( Sik Lee ),박성광 ( Sung Kwang Park ),성미정 ( 대한신장학회 2008 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.27 No.1
목적: 혈관내피 세포는 혈장과 혈장내 여러 가지 물질이 직접 접촉하게 되어 다양한 자극을 주는 물질을 통하여 병태생리에 관련된다. 최근, 아포프토시스가 세포손상의 새로운 병태생리 기전 중의 하나라는 것이 알려져서 혈관내피세포에 서 아포프토시스는 혈관세포손상의 기전이 될 수 있다. 또한, 아포프토시스를 줄일 수 있는 물질은 세포 손상을 줄이거나 억제함으로서 혈관손상을 예방 또는 치료제로서의 효과를 가질 수 있다. 따라서, 이 연구에서는 조영제인 iopromide를 사람의 제대정맥 내피세포에 투여하여 아포프토시스를 유발시키는지를 알아보고, adrenomedullin을 투여하여 아포프토시스 억제효과와 신호전달과정을 관찰하고자 하였다. 방법: 사람의 제대정맥내피세포을 이용하여 iopromide로 아포프토시스를 유발시켰으며, adrenomedullin을 투여하여 아포프토시스 억제 효과를 FACScan과 TUNEL 염색으로 관찰하였으며 신호전달과정은 phospho-Akt/Akt의 western blotting을 시행하였다. 결과: 제대정맥 내피세포에서 iopromide은 농도에 의존적으로 아포프토시스를 유발하였으며 adrenomedullin은 10-9 mol/L 이상의 농도에서부터 iopromide에 의해서 유도된 아포프토시스에 억제효과가 있었다. Iopromide에 의해서 유발된 아포프토시스에서 adrenomedullin의 억제효과는 농도에 의존적이었다. 결론 : 피세포에서 adrenomedullin은 iopromde에 의해서 유발된 apoptosis를 감소시켰며 이는 phosphatidylinositol 3`-kinase/Akt의존적인 신호전달 경로를 통하여 이루어졌다. Purpose: Because vascular endothelial cells play a pivotal role in the vascular diseases, damage of vascular endothelial cells lead to progression of vascular disease. Apoptotic damage of cells is an important mechanism in vascular disease. Therefore, several growth factors that have antiapoptotic effect may have a protective role in maintaining a cell function in apoptotic cell injury. In this study, we examined the effects of adrenomedullin on apoptosis in iopromide-induced endothelial cell injury. Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with nonionic radiocontrast agent, iopromide and/or adrenomedullin. Apoptosis was assessed quantitatively using FACScan after annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide staining, and by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) stain. Signaling pathway was evaluated by Western blot analysis of phospho-Akt and Akt. Results: Iopromide-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells was increased in a dose-dependent manner. Adrenomedullin prevented iopromide-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a dose dependent manner. Wortmannin, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, decrease the adrenomedullin-induced antiapoptotic effect. Conclusion: These results suggest that adrenomedullin protects vascular endothelial cells from iopromide-induced apoptosis by regulating the activity of Akt.
강경표 ( Kyung Pyo Kang ),윤경하 ( Kyung Ha Yun ),박주형 ( Ju Hyung Park ),김현각 ( Hyun Kag Kim ),백홍선 ( Hong Sun Baek ) 전북대학교 의과학연구소 2001 全北醫大論文集 Vol.25 No.1
Pendred syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by goiter and congenital sensorineural deafness, and positive perchlorate discharge test. The sensorineural deafness is typically associated with a malformation of the inner ear, referred Mondini defect. The incidence of Pendred` syndrome is thought to be more than 7.5 to 10 in 100,000 individuals, and it has been estimated to account for about 10% of the cases with hereditary deafness. The thyroid function is usually normal, but the perchlorate discharge test is positive indicating an impaired iodide organification. In 1996, first reported that Pendred`s syndrome is linked to chromosome 7q22-31.1, and the Pendred`s syndrome gene(PDS gene) was cloned in 1997. The Predicted gene product, pendrin, is a highly hydrophobic, 780 amino-acid protein with 11 transmembrane domains that thought to be a sulfate or anion transporter. We experienced a case of Pendred`s syndrome diagnosed by the triad of congenital deafness, large goiter and positive perchlorate test, and reviewed related literatures.
증예(症例) : 간세포암종 환자에서 간동맥 화학 색전술 후 발생한 위 악성 림프종 1예
강경표 ( Kyung Pyo Kang ),이호경 ( Ho Kyung Lee ),남상우 ( Sang Woo Nam ),이승룡 ( Seung Ryong Lee ),윤현정 ( Hyun Jung Yoon ),이나리 ( Na Ri Lee ),권혁진 ( Hyeok Jin Kwan ),문병식,이동근 ( Dong Geun Lee ),이승옥 ( Seung Ok Lee ) 전북대학교 의과학연구소 2003 全北醫大論文集 Vol.27 No.1
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. The association between HCC and lymphoma is very rare. We reported a case of malignant lymphoma of the stomach after treatment for HCC. A 55-year old man presented with epigastric discomfort, He was diagnosed as primary hepatocellular carcinoma with chronic hepatitis B, which treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radio-frequency (RF) ablation 3 years ago. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and histological examination of biopsy specimens confirmed the presence of malignant lymphoma, B cell phenotype, of stomach. He was treated with 2 times of combination chemotherapy. Three months after treatment, follow-up endoscopy revealed that the ulceration was decreased and histologically no evidence of malignant cells. He died esophageal variceal bleeding. The gastric lymphoma was possibly associated with underlying hepatitis B viral infection.
강경표 ( Kyung-pyo Kang ),김준기 ( Jun-ki Kim ) 서울대학교 한국행정연구소 2020 行政論叢 Vol.58 No.2
본 논문은 재정민주주의가 의회에 재정과 관련한 권한을 강화하는 것으로 인식되는 상황에서 과연 재정민주주의가 재정건전성 측면에서 어떠한 결과를 초래하는지 살펴보기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 광역 지방의회의 예산과정에서 사후적(ex-post)으로 표출된 예산내용 및 결과에 초점을 맞춰 강도를 측정하고, 계층분석적 의사결정기법(AHP)에 근거한 가중치로 합산하여 지수화하였다. 이와 함께 분석의 정확성을 위해 동태 선형 패널 모형에 기초하여 고정효과 분석과 함께 시스템 일반화적률법(System GMM)을 이용하여 의회예산권한지수가 재정건전성에 미치는 영향을 추정하였다. 회귀분석 결과, 의회예산권한지수가 높아질수록 통합재정수지비율과 채무증가율이 악화되는 등 의회예산권한의 강화는 재정건전성에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 의회의 예산권한 강화가 예산과정에서의 조정 메커니즘을 약화시킴으로써 재정건전성을 악화시킬 가능성이 있음을 나타내는 바, 재정준칙, 재정분권, 투명성 제고 등을 통해 조정 메커니즘을 강화시킬 필요가 있음을 시사한다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between legislative budgeting power, a key component of fiscal democracy, and fiscal soundness. In this regard, this study calculates indices of legislative budgeting power based on maximum-minimum normalization and the analytic hierarchy process. Starting from this preliminary work, this research tries to discover the causal relationship between legislative budgeting power and fiscal indices of 16 local governments from 2008 to 2017. A fixed-effects model and system generalized method of moments were utilized in order to solve the endogeneity problem. The results of the analysis showed legislative budgeting power has a significantly negative effect on fiscal soundness in terms of consolidated fiscal budget balance and the rate of increase in local government debt. This paper suggests that the previous institutional reforms for stronger legislative budgeting power may have resulted from a mistaken belief. Therefore, the validity of a reform for better fiscal democracy should be judged by criteria that assess whether it contributes to reducing tax payers' burden.
증예(症例) : 장기간 Furosemide 사용후 발생한 신석회화증 1예
강경표 ( Kyung Pyo Kang ),이강휴 ( Kang Hyu Lee ),라방주 ( Bang Joo La ),문치영 ( Chi Young Moon ),고정곤 ( Jung Ghon Ko ),김원 ( Won Kim ),박성광 ( Sung Kwang Park ),강성귀 ( Sung Kyew Kang ) 전북대학교 의과학연구소 2001 全北醫大論文集 Vol.25 No.2
본 저지들은 성인에서 체중 조절을 목적으로 이뇨제를 장기간 오용하여 발생한 신석회화증을 경험하고 이에 대한 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Nephrocalcinosis in the adult has many causes, some of which reflect serious renal disease. The major abnormal imaging pattern is the large, diffusely hyperechoic kidney with abnormal architecture. Its differential diagnosis includes hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, hyperparathyroidism, sarcoidosis, uremia, increased Ca×P, metastatic calcification. The ultrasonic screening of the patients is essential in the evaluation. Other causes of the enlarged hyperechoic kidneys with abnormal architecture include chronic diuretics abuse, medullary sponge kidney and gouty nephropathy. Furosemide and acetazolamide are often used concurrently to control weight in young woman. We experience a case of nephrocalcinosis associated with chronic furosemide abuse. We report that long-term furosemide abuse can cause medullary nephrocalcinosis in adults.
症例(증례) : 류마티스 곤절염과 동반된 IgA 신병증 1례
고강석 ( Kang Suk Ko ),조양동 ( Yang Tong Cho ),김희정 ( Hui Jung Kim ),이원석 ( Won Seok Lee ),김형일 ( Hyoung Il Kim ),송민주 ( Min Ju Song ),손지연 ( Ji Youn Sohn ),류완희 ( Wan Hee Yoo ),강경표 ( Kyung Pyo Kang ),강명재 ( Myun 전북대학교 의과학연구소 2007 全北醫大論文集 Vol.31 No.2
IgA nephropathy is a common primary glomerulonephritis characterized by the deposition of IgA in glomerular mesangium. At clinical presentation the disorder may be macroscopic hematuria, often recurring in association with viral upper respiratory illness or with microscopic hematuria or proteinuria. Although the cause of primary IgA nephropathy is unknown, IgA nephropathy can be associated with systemic diseases, such as ankylosing spondylitis, Reiters`s syndrome, liver disease, and Sicca syndrome. We report a case of IgA nephropathy associated with rheumatoid arthritis. A 49-year-old woman, who has complaint of multiple joint swelling and pain, was presented with microscopic hematuria and proteinuria. Light microscopy showed mesangial and segmental endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis and immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated segmental positive mesangial stainings for IgA and C3, consistent with IgA nephropathy. Treatment with anti-rheumatic medications and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor resulted in gradual disappearance of microscopic hematuria and proteinuria. Therefore, we suggest that IgA nephropathy may be associated with rheumatoid arthritis.