p-Hydroxybenzyl Alcohol Prevents Brain Injury and Behavioral Impairment by Activating Nrf2, PDI, and Neurotrophic Factor Genes in a Rat Model of Brain Ischemia

감경윤,Seong Jin Yu,Nahee Jeong,홍정화,Angela M. A. Anthony Jalin,Sungja Lee,최용원,이채관,강성구 한국분자세포생물학회 2011 Molecules and cells Vol.31 No.3

The therapeutic goal in treating cerebral ischemia is to reduce the extent of brain injury and thus minimize neurological impairment. We examined the effects of p-hydro-xybenzyl alcohol (HBA), an active component of Gastrodia elata Blume, on transient focal cerebral ische-mia-induced brain injury with respect to the involvement of protein disulphide isomerase (PDI), nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and neurotrophic factors. All animals were ovariectomized 14 days before ischemic injury. Ischemic injury was induced for 1 h by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by 24-h reperfusion. Three days before MCAO, the vehicle-treated and the HBA-treated groups received intramuscular sesame oil and HBA (25 mg/kg BW), respectively. 2,3,5 Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining showed decreased infarct volume in the ischemic lesion of HBA-treated animals. HBA pretreatment also promoted functional recovery, as measured by the modified neurological severity score (mNSS; p < 0.05). Moreover, expression of PDI, Nrf2, BDNF, GDNF, and MBP genes increased by HBA treatment. In vitro, H_2O_2 induced PC12 cell death was prevented by 24 h HBA treatment, but bacitracin, a PDI inhibitor, attenuated this cytoprotective effect in a dose-dependent manner. HBA treatment for 2 h also induced nuclear translocation of Nrf2, possibly activating the intracellular antioxidative system. These results suggest that HBA protects against brain damage by modulating cytoprotective genes, such as Nrf2 and PDI, and neurotrophic factors.

식물성 polyphenol resveratrol의 뇌신경계질환에 대한 효과

감경윤 인제대학교 식품과학연구소 2006 仁濟食品科學FORUM論叢 Vol.13 No.-

뇌졸중 환자의 손기능에 대한 근전도 바이오피드백의 효과

감경윤,한승협,최용원 대한작업치료학회 2009 대한작업치료학회지 Vol.17 No.4

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 뇌졸중 환자의 손기능에 대한 근전도 바이오피드백 훈련의 효과를 조사하는 것이다. 연구 방법 : 발병 6개월 이상인 뇌졸중 환자 10명을 무작위로 실험군과 대조군으로 각각 5명씩 배정하였다. 실험군은 근전도 바이오피드백 훈련을 1일 1회, 주 5일, 6주 동안 수행하도록 하였다. 훈련의 1회기는 15초의 휴식기와 5초간의 추적과제를 수행하는 활동기로 구성되며 1회 훈련동안 추적과제를 총 40번 시행하였다. 반면, 대조군의 모든 치료 상황은 바이오피드백 훈련을 제외하고는 실험군과 같았다. 손기능을 검사하기 위하여 훈련 전·후에 개정된 Ashworth 척도, Fugl-Meyer 평가, 상자와 나무토막 검사, 뇌졸중 상지기능 검사를 실험군과 대조군 모두에게 실시하였다. 결과 : 실험군은 개정된 Ashworth 척도를 제외한 모든 검사에서 훈련 후의 결과가 훈련 전의 결과와 비교하여 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 대조군은 모든 검사에서 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>.05). 또한 집단간 비교에서 실험군의 훈련 후 손기능 향상이 모든 검사에서 대조군에 비하여 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다(p<.05). 결론 : 본 연구는 실시된 근전도 바이오피드백 훈련이 뇌졸중 환자의 손기능 향상에 효과적임을 지지한다.

Neural and Cholinergic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from the Human Umbilical Cord Blood

감경윤,강지혜,도병록,김해권,강성구 한국발생생물학회 2007 발생과 생식 Vol.11 No.3

인간 제대혈 세포는 조혈모세포, 중간엽 줄기세포와내피전구세포를 풍부하게 포함하고 있다. 인간 제대혈 속의 중간엽 줄기세포는 조혈모세포와는 달리 다능성 줄기세포이며 신경세포로 분화할 수 있는 잠재성을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 세포배양을 통해 제대혈의 중간엽 줄기세포를 신경세포와 콜린성 신경세포로 분화를 유도하였다. 중간엽 줄기세포를 신경세포로 분화시키기 위해 배양액에 dimethyl sulphoxide(DMSO)와 butylated hydroxyani Human umbilical cord blood(HUCB) contains a rich source of hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial cell precursors. Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) in HUCB are multipotent stem cells, differ from hematopoietic stem cells and can be differentiated into neural cells. We studied on transdifferentiation-promoting conditions in neural cells and cholinergic neuron induction of HUCB-derived MSCs. Neural differentiation was induced by addingdimethyl sulphoxide(DMSO) and butylated hydroxyanisole(BHA) in Dulbeco's Modified Essential Medium(DMEM) and fetal bovine serum(FBS). Differentiation of MSCs to cholinergic neurons was induced by combined treatment with basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF), retinoic acid(RA) and sonic hedgehog(Shh). MSCs treated with DMSO and BHA rapidly assumed the morphology of multipolar neurons. Both immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of a number of neural markers including -tubulin III, GFAP and MBP, was markedly elevated during this acute differentiation. The differentiation rate was about for -tubulin III-positive cells, for GFAP, and for Gal-C. HUCB-MSCs treated combinatorially with bFGF, RA and Shh were differentiated into cholinergic neurons. After cholinergic neuronal differentiation, the -tubulin III-positive cell population of total cells was and of differentiated neuronal population, was ChAT-positive showing 3 folds higher in cholinergic population than neural induction. Conclusively, HUCB-derived MSCs can be differentiated into neural and cholinergic neurons and these findings suggest that HUCB are alternative cell source of treatment for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.

무선연습을 적용한 도형그리기 과제가 운동실행장애가 있는 뇌졸중 환자의 글씨쓰기 명료도, 속도, 및 문장쓰기에 미치는 영향: 단일사례연구

조은주, 김경미, 감경윤 대구대학교 특수교육재활과학연구소 2018 특수교육재활과학연구 Vol.57 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of random practice on handwriting skill learning in a stroke patient with paralysis of the dominant hand and motor praxis dysfunction. A single-subject study (AB-design) and follow-up tests were conducted with one patient. Total of 13 intervention sessions were provided for 3 weeks. During the intervention, the task was to copy 3 figures (circle, triangle, square), which were presented in random order. Handwriting skills, speed, and legibility were measured with Korean Letter Copying Test and writing test from Jebsen Hand Function Test. Visual analysis indicated stable legibility in the baseline phase, increased legibility in the intervention phase, and maintained legibility in the follow-up phase. However, the speed of letter copying test was slower in intervention phase than in baseline phase. In writing test from Jebsen Hand Function Test, there was no significant difference between baseline and intervention, and between baseline and follow-up. This study suggests that handwriting practice with random practice will improve the legibility of handwriting in a stroke patient with motor praxis dysfunction.

텍스트마이닝 기법을 통한 작업치료 키워드 분석

조은주,감경윤 대한작업치료학회 2020 대한작업치료학회지 Vol.28 No.3

목적 : 본 연구는 인터넷 주요 웹사이트의 작업치료에 대한 주요 키워드들의 관계파악을 통해 현재 국내 작업치료의 대중적 의미를 파악하고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 본 연구에서는 네이버, 다음, Google에서 제공하는 뉴스, 블로그, 카페, 지식인/다음팁에 산재 되어 있는 ‘작업치료’관련 텍스트들을 텍스톰(TEXTOM)을 활용하여 수집하였다. 수집기간은 2015년 1월 1일부터 2019년 12월 31일까지 5년간으로 정하였다. 자료분석은 넷마이너(NetMiner) 프로그램의 의 미연결망(semantic network)분석을 사용하여 다빈도 상위 50개의 키워드에 대해 연결중심성과 매개중 심성, 동시출현 키워드분석, 하위집단 분석을 실시하였다. 분석에 사용된 형태소는 명사로 한정하였다. 결과 : 키워드 빈도에서는 작업치료(14,624건), 치료(13,530건), 작업(7,470건), 병원(4,618), 작업치료 사(3,612건), 재활(3,193건), 재활치료(2,851건), 장애(2,512건), 프로그램(2,329건) 등의 순으로 나타 났다. 연결중심성 및 매개중심성에서는 작업치료, 치료, 작업, 작업치료, 재활, 프로그램, 병원, 센터, 장애 등이 상위 10위안에 포함되었다. 동시출현 키워드 분석에서는 작업치료-물리치료 짝이 997건으로 가장 많았고, 요양-병원(783건), 작업치료-언어치료(564건), 작업치료-프로그램(510건) 등이 그 뒤를 이었 다. 하위집단 분석에서는 ‘작업치료’, ‘재활’, ‘치료’ 등을 중심으로 키워드들이 응집되어 있었다. 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 작업치료는 ‘병원’에서 ‘장애’를 입은 사람들에게 ‘재활’을 행하는 것으로 인식되고 있으며, 치매에 대한 작업치료의 역할이 기대되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 타 재활영역과 밀접한 연관 성을 가지고 인식되고 있다는 것은 작업치료가 유관 재활영역과 유기적 관계 속에서 고유의 위상을 정 립할 필요가 있음을 시사한다. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the keywords related to occupational therapy on popular web sites of major portal sites. According to an analysis of the most frequent keywords, we tried to describe the state and general awareness of occupational therapy in Korea. Methods: For this purpose, news, blogs, cafes, and Jishik-in/Daum tips provided by Naver, Daum, and Google were selected as channels for analysis. The keyword to be extracted from texts in these channels was “occupational therapy.” The semantic network including degree centrality, betweenness centrality, community, and co-current words were analyzed using the Netminer program (ver. 4). Only nouns were subjected to the analyses. Results: “Occupational therapy” (14,624), “therapy” (13,530), “occupation” (7,470), “hospital” (4,618), “occupational therapist” (3,612), and “rehabilitation” (3,193) were the top-5 frequently appearing keywords. There were similar results in the degree centrality and the betweenness centrality. Occupational therapy/physical therapy (997), convalescence/hospital (783), occupational therapy/speech therapy (564), and occupational therapy/program (510) were shown in most of the frequent co-current keywords. Seven groups were clustered in the community analysis. Conclusion: Through this study, it was found that occupational therapy is recognized as a “rehabilitation” for “disabled people” in “hospitals” in Korea, and the role of occupational therapy for “dementia” is expected. The recognition that it is closely related to other rehabilitation areas suggests that occupational therapy needs to establish its status in the rehabilitation field.

공공데이터를 이용한 치매안심센터 작업치료 비용편익분석

조승현,감경윤,배성윤,조남훈,오혜원,양영애 대한작업치료학회 2018 대한작업치료학회지 Vol.26 No.2

목적 : 본 연구는 국가치매관리사업과 관련된 공공데이터를 수집하여 치매안심센터에서 시행되는 작업치료 의 비용편익분석을 통해 미래의 국가치매관리사업의 효율화 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 연구방법 : 2016년 1월부터 12월까지의 국가치매관리사업 관련 공공데이터를 정보공개 창구를 이용하여 수집하였다. 수집된 자료를 토대로 작업치료 비용편익분석을 위한 각종 변수를 정의하고, 빈도분석 및 산술계산으로 변수의 값을 산출했다. 결과 : 우리나라에서 서울은 모든 자치구에서 치매관리사업을 시행하고 있고, 사업수행인원 전원이 전담인 력으로 배치되어 있다. 특히 작업치료 전담인력을 치매안심센터의 96.0%에 배치하여 치매안심센터 서비 스에서 작업치료를 제공하고 있다. 치매안심센터에서 시행되는 작업치료의 순 편익은 작업치료 전담인력 이 배치된 경우 서울에서 약 73억 원으로 산출되었다. 결론 : 서울과 같은 형태로 국가치매관리사업 사업을 확대하고, 작업치료 전담인력을 통한 프로그램 시행으 로 치매관리비용을 절감하는 효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다. 치매 국가책임제 추진으로 치매관리사업이 국가 단위의 보건사업으로 발돋움하고 있는 지금 한정된 보건의료자원을 효율적으로 사용하기 위해서는 치매안심센터에서 작업치료의 확대가 필요할 것으로 보인다. Objective: This study has collected public data on National Dementia Plans and performed a cost-benefit analysis on occupational therapy(OT) in Center for Dementia to contribute in the determination of future dementia-related health policies. Methods: The status of National Dementia Plans were gathered through public data portals from January to December 2016. Based on the gathered data, various variables were defined for OT cost-benefit analysis, and frequency analysis and mathematical calculations were utilized to calculate the variables. Results: Seoul engaged in Dementia Management Projects in all autonomous regions, and all project personnel were full-time. Particularly, full-time OT personnel were placed in 96.0% of centers for dementia, providing OT within the Dementia Management Projects. The net benefit of OT in Center for Dementia, where full-time OT personnel were placed, was KRW 7.3 billion for Seoul. Conclusion: It is expected that expanding the Dementia Management Projects similar to Seoul and engaging in programs through full-time OT personnel would lower the costs of care for dementia. Given the presence of the National Dementia Responsibility Plan, the Dementia Management Projects have seen expansion into a healthcare project at a national level. To effectively utilize the limited healthcare resources, it would be necessary to expand the occupational therapy.

몰입형 가상현실 프로그램 Rapael Smart Glove가 뇌졸중 환자의 상지기능에 미치는 영향

배원진,감경윤,Bae, Wonjin,Kam, Kyungyoon 대한통합의학회 2017 대한통합의학회지 Vol.5 No.3

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an immersive, virtual reality-based exercise program on range of motion and dexterity in the upper extremities of stroke patients. Methods: Fifteen patients with hemiparesis after stroke participated in this study. The participants participated in Rapael Semart GloveTM, an immersive, virtual reality-based exercise program, performed for 30 minutes-, 3 times per week for 4 weeks. The Rapael Smart GloveTM program and a Box and Block Test (BBT) were used to measure range of motion and to assess dexterity, respectively, pre-and post-intervention. Results: Range of motion in pronation and supination of the forearm and flexion, extension, and ulnar deviation of the wrist improved after the intervention. Dexterity measured by BBT also improved. However, range of motion in flexion and extension of the fingers and radial deviation of the wrist did not improve. Conclusion: This study presents the effects of an immersive, virtual reality-based exercise program on hand function. In the future, a study comparing an immersive, virtual reality- based exercise program to other upper-extremity interventions for stroke patients should be conducted. A study about the effects of an immersive virtual reality program on activities of daily living is also needed.

뇌졸중 환자의 지역사회이동을 위한 작업치료 중재 : 체계적 고찰

조은주,감경윤,장문영 대한지역사회작업치료학회 2018 대한지역사회작업치료학회지 Vol.8 No.3

목적 : 본 연구는 뇌졸중 환자에게 적용한 지역사회이동을 위한 작업치료적 중재를 분석한 논문으로, 임상에서 지역사 회이동에 대한 중재를 사용하는데 있어 근거를 제시하고자 한다. 연구방법 : PRISMA checklist와 diagram을 통해 체계적 고찰을 시행하였고, 데이터베이스는 PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library (CENTRAL), ProQuest Dissertations & thesis (PQDT), 한국교육학술정보원(RISS)과 코리아메 드(KoreaMed)를 이용하였다. 검색기간은 2005년부터 2018년 9월까지로 하였다. 연구에 선택된 문헌의 질 평가는 RoBANS (Riks of Bias Assessment tool for Non-randomized Study)를 사용하였다. 연구에 포함된 문헌은 총 8개 이었다. 문헌에서 사용된 중재들은 종류에 따라 분류하였다. 결과 : 문헌의 연구디자인은 무작위배정 실험연구, 유사실험연구, 전후비교연구, 환자-대조군연구, 횡단적 연구로 다양 하게 나타났다. 포함된 문헌의 질적수준은 levelⅠ이 1편(12.5%), levelⅡ가 6편(75%), level Ⅲ가 1편(12.5%)으로 나 타났다. 문헌의 ‘편향 위험 낮음’ 비율은 62.5%~87.5%로 각 문헌마다 다르게 나타났다. 문헌에 사용된 중재는 가상 현실 및 가상환경을 기반으로 한 중재가 4편(50%)으로 가장 많았고, 프로토콜을 이용한 중재가 3편(37.5%), 휠체어 사용훈련이 1편(12.5%)으로 나타났다. 각 중재의 효과는 전반적으로 유의미하게 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구는 지역사회이동에 대한 작업치료의 중재효과를 체계적으로 보고하여 임상적 적용근거를 제공하였다. 추후 지역사회이동성에 대해 다양한 형태로 중재를 적용한 연구가 이루어져야 할 것이다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze occupational therapy intervention on the community mobility for stroke patients, and to provide evidence of intervention in the clinical fields. Methods : A systematic review was executed according to the PRISMA checklist. The accessed database was PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), ProQuest Dissertations & thesis (PQDT), RISS, and KoreaMed. We included the articles published from 2005 to September 2018. RoBANS checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the articles. Included articles, totally eight, were categorized according to the type of intervention. Results : The study design of the literature was varied from two-group randomized trial, quasi-experimental study, case-control trial, one group pre-post comparison study, and cross-sectional study. In the evidence level, 6 articles were included in level Ⅱ (75%). The percentage of low risk of bias in each article ranged from 52.5%~87.5%. Four studies (50%) provided intervention based on virtual reality or virtual environment. The three (37.5%) provided intervention based on the protocol, and the other (12.5%) did wheelchair training. All studies reported significant effects of the intervention. Conclusion : This systematic review provided evidences to use proper intervention in the clinical fields. Various type of studies should be conducted to prove the effect of occupational therapy intervention for community mobility.

토픽모델링을 통한 국내 작업치료 관련 문헌의 지적구조분석: 1977~2020

조은주,감경윤 한국산학기술학회 2023 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.24 No.11

This study aim to identify the knowledge structure of research related to occupational therapy in Korea and to identify changes over time. Academic journals, masters' theses, and doctoral dissertations related to occupational therapy were collected from 1977 to 2020 using the Research Information Sharing Service, National Digital Science Library, National Assembly Library, and KMBASE databases. 10,137 academic articles and 6,122 theses or dissertations were searched. After excluding duplicates and articles on non-related occupational therapy, 4,052 articles were finally analyzed. EndNote and Excel were used for data collection, and SPSS and R were used for general trend and topic modeling analysis. 18 topics were derived by analysis from the 4,052 articles. The most frequent topic was 'upper extremity function and activities of daily living in stroke patients'. Three topics, namely, 'systematic review research', 'survey of occupational therapy service and occupational therapist awareness', and 'cognitive function and depression of elderly with dementia', showed increasing trends. On the other hand, 'medical support service status and system', 'motor function, visual perception, and perception training', 'sensory processing disorder and sensory integration in children', and 'prevention of musculoskeletal damage and diseases' showed decreasing trends. This study confirms that research related to occupational therapy has been performed on various subjects and that the proportions of research publications on specific subjects have changed according to changes in the social environment.