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- 저자 : 黃明燦(황명찬) (검색결과 102 건)
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황명찬 건국대학교 1994 學術誌 Vol.38 No.1
The objective of this study is to find out characteristics of Korean Environment Non-Governmental Organizations, including the current status of their membership, finances, programs, and activities. The total number of Environmental NGOs in Korea was 280 according to the data published by Environment Agency of Korean Government. However, this study is based on a survey of 133 NGOs in Korea, which was carried out by Research Institute of Public Administration of Kon-Kuk University in 1993. It was found that 58% of NGOs was established in late 1980s and early 1990s. The 1989 was, in a sense, a turning point in the history of NGOs. The sudden emergence of NGOs in 1989 was, to a large extent, a result of political democratization in Korea. The majority(70%) of NGOs was found to locate their offices in the capital city of Seoul. Considering the extent of environmental pollution of maior industrial centers in other localities and other major metropolitan areas such as Busan, Taegu, and Taejun, it is one of very urgent issues in the coming years for Korean NGOs to "regionalize" or "localize" their organizational movement. The Organizational Capacity of Korean NGOs appears to be currently quite weak, compared to the tasks or activities at their hands, in a terms of permanent staffs, memberships and financial supports. The 75% of NGOs has less than 5 permanent staffs, and 50% of NGOs has less than 200 members, the majority of which does not participate actively in the organizational programs. About 45% of NGOs devotes their major efforts to education and publicity programs for the general public or the residents in the areas where major pollution incidents are taking place. It is, therefore, one of the important issues for the NGOs to participate more actively in the process of policy making in the environmental areas, in addition to the activities involved in organizing citizen's protest movements. To be able to do such activities, Korean NGOs should be more strengthened in staffing, financing and cooperation with other NGOs. Considering the importance of the local governments in enforcing the environmental policies and regulations, the local politics should be "greenized" in the long run.
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