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백영석,안동현,조연규,남정현,최보율,강윤주,고복자 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.3
연구목적 : 청소년을 대상으로 장애가 있는 식이태도 및 식이행동과 관련된 요인들에서 인종과 문화적 차이가 있는가를 보는 것이다. 방 법 : 1996년도에 3129명의 중고등학교 남녀 학생을 대상으로 학교 장면에서 신체 계측과 설문지를 통하여 수집하였으며 연령은 13세부터 16세 사이의 학생들로 분포되었다. 학생들의 분포는 서울 지역의 663명, 양평 지역의 821명, 조선족이 사는 연길 지역의 830명 그리고 한족이 사는 길림 지역의 815명이었으며, 그들은 모두 키, 몸무게, 신체질량지수, 부모의 수입, 아버지의 학력, 체중조절 설문지, 신체상 척도 및 식이태도검사 등의 내용을 완성하였다. 결 과 : 신체질량지수(BMI)에서는 지역, 성별, 사회경제적 상태에 따른 차이가 없었다. 연길과 길림 지역의 학생들이 서울과 양평 지역의 학생들보다 심한 저체중과 심한 과체중을 갖는 학생들이 많았다. 연길과 길림 지역의 학생들이 서울과 양평의 학생들보다 식이태도검사(EAT-26)의 평균치가 높아 식이태도와 식이행동이 나빴다. EAT-26의 20점 이상인 식이장애의 고위험군은 연길 지역의 학생이 6.9%로 네 집단 중에서 가장 많았다. 한국의 양평지역과 서울 지역의 학생들이 신체상 척도(BIS)의 평균치가 연길 지역과 길림 지역의 학생들보다 의미있게 높았다. 즉 한국의 학생들이 중국의 학생들보다 자신의 신체에 대하여 부정적인 생각을 갖고 있었다. 체중조절 행동의 유병율은 서울 지역 학생들이 26.7%, 양평 지역 학생들이 23.2%, 연길 지역 학생들이 10.6%, 그리고 길림 지역 학생들이 4.6%이었다. 식이조절과 운동은 한국의 학생들이, 식이조절과 약물사용은 중국의 학생들이 가장 많이 하는 방법이었다. 결 론 : 본 연구를 통하여 한국과 중국에서도 식이장애가 결코 적지 않을 것이라는 사실을 확인하였고, 식이장애는 인종과 사회문화적 요인에 의해 크게 영향을 받는다는 것, 마지막으로 식이태도와 식이행동 및 그와 관련된 요인들을 통해서 네 지역간의 문화전이 상태를 확인할 수 있었다. Objectives : The goal of this research was to attempt to examine ethnic and cultural differences in factors associated with disordered eating attitudes and behaviors. Methods : Data were collected from the four groups of 3,129 high school students aged between 13 and 16 years who completed school-based survey conducted in 1996. The students (663 Korean urban, 821 Korean rural, 830 Korean-Chinese and 815 Chinese adolescents) completed an instrument which assessed weight, height, Body Mass Index(BMI), parental income, father's level of education, weight control questionnaire, Body Image Scale(BIS), and eating attitudes and behaviors using the Eating Attitude Test-26(EAT-26). Results : BMI did not vary significantly by race, sex, and socioeconomic status. There were many severely underweight and severely overweight students among Korean-Chinese and Chinese than among Korean urban and Koran rural students. The EAT-26 mean scores of Korean-Chinese and Chinese subjects were significantly higher than those of Korean urban and Korean rural subjects. The EAT-26 mean score of Korean-Chinese was the highest among the four racial groups. The prevalence of high risk EAT-26(EAT-26≥20) students of Korean-Chinese was 6.9% which was the highest among the four groups. The BIS mean scores of Korean rural and Korean urban subjects were significantly higher than those of Korean-Chinese and Chinese subjects. The Korean subjects were more dissatisfied with their body than the Chinese. The prevalences of weight control behaviors were 26.7% in Korean urban, 23.2% in Korean rural, 10.6% in Korean-Chinese, and 4.6% in Chinese subjects. Dieting and exercise were most popular for weight reducing in Korean subjects. Dieting and drug use were most popular in Chinese subjects. Conclusion : These data suggest that there must be many eating disorder patients in Korea and China, and the eating attitudes and behaviors are influenced by ethnic and cultural factors. Implications for understanding sociocultural influence on eating attitudes and behaviors and acculturation are discussed.
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抗Choilne系 및 抗精神病 藥物에 依한 知覺認知障碍
金光日,高福子 大韓神經精神醫學會 1980 신경정신의학 Vol.19 No.4
Four cases of perceptual-cognitive disorder following the use of anticholinergic and antipsychotic drugs were reported. The first case was an avoidant personality disorder who had been given 2㎎ of Benztropine in a daily single dosis for the control of dystonia from Haloperidol. On the second day of Benztropine medication, typical perceptual-cognitive disorder was developed abruptly. The second case was a patient with peptic ulcer who had used 30㎎ of Propanthiline bromide in daily devided doses into three times. The perceptual-cognitive disorder appeared on the fourth day of medication. The third case was an obsessive compulsive patient who had been given 3㎎ of Haloperidol. On the fourth day after increasing the dosis from 3㎎ to 4.5㎎, the perceptual-cognitive symptom was developed. Decrease of the dosis from 4.5㎎ to 3㎎ resulted in disappearance of the symptom. Fluphenazine decanoate 0.3㏄(7.5㎎) was injected to the same patient intramusculary after withdrawal of Haloperidol. On the third day of Fluphenazine injection, the same perceptual-cognitive symptom could be noticed again. Decrease of the dosis of Fluphenazine to 0.15㏄ in the next shot could result in symtom-free state. The fourth case was a recovered schizophrenic who had revealed perceptual-cognitive symptom following the use of 5㎎ of Thiothixene. The same symptom appeared 0.2㏄(5㎎) of Fluphenazine decanoate. Withdrawal of Thiothixene and decrease of the dosis of Fluphenazine resulted in symptom disappearance. Abrupt onset of intensified visual stimuli influx or micropsia and cognitive confusion without delirium was the main clinical picture. These symptoms were developed on the second, third or fourth day after the use or increase of the drugs, and continued several hours and, as a rule terminated by sleeping. This experience was repeated daily in the afternoon during medication, and disappeared by withdrawal of the drugs or by decrease of the dosis. The aforementioned symptoms reappeared by remedication or reincrease of the drugs in each case. Exact mechanism of the perceptual-cognitive disorders remain unknown, but anticholinergic activity of the drugs can be suspected as a possible causative factor. It was also suggested that there is a few susceptible person to perceptual cognitive side reaction to anticholinergics, and in such a case, symptom appearance seemed to be dose-related.
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고복자 大韓神經精神醫學會 1979 신경정신의학 Vol.18 No.2
In this community survey of the working groups in Seoul, the author has tried to seek for the characteristics of attitude toward ex-mental patients as working members. The survey was conducted to 230 working men and women ranging from the managers of large companies to the unskilled labors residing in Seoul with Askenasy's questionaire form consisted of 41 items. The results were compared with Askenasy's results reported in England and the United States. Seoul subjects showed more negativistic attitude toward ex-mental patients at the point of their re-instatement or getting new job, compared with the findings in England and the United States. Educational status gave less influence on the attitude of the Seoul subjects toward ex-mental patients' getting job, while the Western subjects of Askenasy revealed that the higher in educational level, the more optimistic view. The discussion is centerd on two aspects; one was the negativistic attitude per se and the other was poor educational influence on the attitude. According to the previous studies in Korea, protective milieu of the family for the ex-mental patients from occupational and social demands would be regarded as a positive factor in tertiary prevention of mental disorders during their rehabilitation period. This protective attitude seemed to contribute to the negativistic attitude toward ex-mental patients' getting job. Thus, double aspects in the tertiary prevention should be taken into consideration in Korea; a positive aspects of family protection and a negative aspect of discouraging patients' occupational rehabilitation. Poor educational influence on the attitude could be attributed to the general trend of curriculum in Korea in which understanding of human behavior and mental health had been scarcely emphasized. Consequently, education about human behavior and mental health to the public and to the students in advanced educational institutions was suggested for the improvement of community attitude toward ex-mental patients.
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