Solanum nigrum L.의 葯培養에 關한 硏究

Changyawl Harn(韓昶烈),Young Seu Koh(高英瑞) 한국육종학회 1970 한국육종학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Solanum nigrum에서 半數體를 만들어 내기 위해 Murashige and Skoog의 改良 培地에 葯培養을 하였든 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 小胞子는 培養 1 週後면 肥大하기 시작하고 계속 分裂해서 多細胞體로 되어 培養 약 2週日이면 白色光澤의 球形의 callus 葯을 헤치고 밖으로 나온다. 小胞子는 처음 2~4 細胞體 後에 多細胞體 등으로 변하지만 未分化 細胞의 集團이고 embryoid로서의 體制는 갖추지 못하고 callus로서 발달한다. embryoid로 발달하는가 또는 callus로 되는가는 첨가된 2,4-D등 生長調整物質의 농도와 관계가 있는 것 같다. 培地 위에 떨어진 callus의 일부는 활발하게 分裂하여 單細胞의 集團을 형성한다. 葯壁組織은 培養 中 細胞가 심하게 팽창되었을 뿐 callus化하는 것은 보이지 않는다. 植物體는 培養 約 6 週後 2,4-D를 除去한 培地에 移植한 callus에서 分化되기 始作했다. The anthers of Solanum nigrum L. were cultured on the modified Murashige and Skoog’s medium, the results of which were summarized as follows: Some of the microspores examined one week after culture became large in size and had abundant cytoplasm. Later they turned into 2-, 4-, or multicelled bodies. In two weeks after culture white glowing ellipsoidal bodies emerged out of the anther and continued to grow as calli. It was not confirmed, however, that whether the spore grew into embryoid in its initial development and later changed to callus due to the effect of 2,4-D employed in the medium or the spore grew from the start into callus. Fresh calli in contact with the medium divided actively and gave rise to large mass of single cells on the surface of medium. 2n somatic callus originating from anther tissue was not observed in the materials examined several weeks after culture. Plantlet started to develop from the callus transferred to 2, 4-D free medium approximately six weeks after the initial inoculation of anther.

韓國在來種 벼의 放射線感受性

Changyawl Harn(韓昶烈),Jong Lak Won(元鍾樂) 한국육종학회 1970 한국육종학회지 Vol.2 No.1

우리나라 水稻在來品種들에 對한 放射線感受性을 調査하고 奬勵品種들과 比較하기 爲하여 15在來品種의 種子에 γ-線을 調査하였다. 一般的으로 在來品種은 奬勵品種에 比해 放射線抵抗性에 强하며 在來品種은 奬勵品種에 比해 品種間의 差異가 컸다. In order to investigate radiosensitivity on the local rice varieties, seeds of 15 varieties were treated with γ-ray. In general, local varieties were more resistant in radiation than leading ones. Varietal differences in sensitivity among local varieties were large as compared with differences among leading varieties.

벼의 葯培養에 關한 硏究

Changyawl Harn(韓昶烈) 한국육종학회 1969 한국육종학회지 Vol.1 No.1

벼의 葯을 培養할 때 小胞子起源의 半數體以外에 體細胞性 2倍體가 發生할 憂慮는 없을가 하는 點을 明白히 해주는 것은 實地利用面에서 極히 중요한 일이기에 우리나라 奬勵品種 몇 品種과 1R-8 等을 使用하여, 培養中 葯의 變色, 葯에서 Callus가 出現하는 模樣, 葯壁組織의 變化, 小胞子에서 Callus發生, 基他를 調査하였다. 葯은 培養 20餘日後에는 거의 變色衰退해 버리고, 葯壁組織에서 細胞의 增殖같은 것이 있을 可望은 없다. Callus는 반드시 葯壁을 해치고 出現하고 容易하게 葯에서 分離된다. 또한 Callus가 分離된 葯腔內에는 空洞이 生긴다. 이런 點으로 보아 Callus는 葯內의 小胞子에서 생겨남이 確實하다 할 수 있다. 葯의 各 組織에서는 培養 60餘日이 지나도 全혀 細胞分裂, Callus發生 等이 없다. 培養 20餘日의 小胞子 中에는 數倍로 肥大하고 內容物이 많고 濃染되는 것이 觀察되는데 이런 것은 곧 內部에서 細胞分裂이 일어나 多細胞體小胞子가 된다. 以上의 結果로서 벼의 葯을 培養했을 때 植物體가 생겨나는 것은 小胞子起源의 것이지, 葯組織出來의 體細胞性 2培體가 생길 憂慮는 全혀 없다. Motivated by Guha and Maheshwari’s works on Datura, induction of haploid plants though anther culture has recently become a topic among geneticists and breeder. So far this method has been successful only in a few plants. If it is applicable in all the cultivated crops, it would bring tremendous benefit to breeding, as well as to genetic works. As the anther culture method is quite a recent development, knowledge on basic problems is very scanty. No basic research has been reported so far. For example, which stage of microspore development is suitable for culture, how the microspore develops into a callus or embryoid, whether all the microspores in the microsporangium develop into plantlets, whether the plantlets emerging from the anther are all haploids originated from microspores, or how the somatic anther tissues behave under culture, are all important questions to be clarified quickly. In the present work, attempt was made to answer some of the above questions, particularly the question of whether all the calli emerging out of the anther originate from microspores or somatic-diploidal calli. Three leading Korean varieties and one Indica type of rice from the Philippines were used. The cultured anthers quickly turned brown or dark, indicating a degeneration of anther tissue. The callus always emerged out of the anther cavity, rupturing and pushing out the anther wall. Anthers sectioned 7, 28, 34, 49 and 65 days after inoculation revealed no signs of cell division nor of callus development in the anther wall, connective tissues or in other parts of the anther. The microspore examined around 20 days after inoculation showed changes in its cytoplasmic structure and finally turned into a multicellular microspore. The multicellular microspore, after rupturing the anther wall, appears to develop into a full callus, although these stages were not confirmed. These results clearly indicate that in rice the callus coming out of the anther is definitely of microspore-origin and that anther tissues are unable to undergo cell division or callus formation in the nutrient medium employed.

遺傳子의 體制 및 遺傳子 發現의 調節

Changyawl Harn(韓昶烈) 한국육종학회 1992 한국육종학회지 Vol.24 No.2

DNA manipulation techniques are valuable tools in investigating gene structure and regulation of gene expression. In the last decade with the continued improvements of these methods such sophisticated manipulations as the constructions of chimaeric genes, generations of transgenic plants, or deletion of 5’, 3’ regulatory regions of genes have become the routine technologies these days. Besides the interaction between the cis-elements of gene promoters and trans-acting proteins binding to them, methylation, antisense RNA, and ribozyme, respectively, play particular roles in the regulation of gene expression. What remains unclear is the effect of the tremendous genomic fluxes occurring in the somatic cells in vivo or in the cells cultured in vitro on the gene expression or on the differentiation of tissues and organs in the ontogenetic development from the zygotic genome. This paper is intended to describe some of the basic knowledges including gene organization and regulation of gene expression in an attempt to introduce these problems to the scientists specializing primarily in the conventional breeding.

Prunus armeniaca의 葯培養에 關한 硏究

Changyawl Harn(韓昶烈),Moon Za Kim(金文子) 한국육종학회 1972 한국육종학회지 Vol.4 No.1

Anthers of late uninucleate or early binucleate microspore stage of Prunus armeniaca were cultured on the modified Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with kinetin. and 2, 4-D or NAA. Out of 900 anthers cultured, seven pieces of calluses were induced. Six calluses emerged out of the anther rupturing the anther slits, while one callus developed on the connective part of anther. The observation of mode of callus emergence, changes of microspores, and changes of anther wall tissues revealed that the six calluses induced inside the anther locule were originated from microspores, ruling out the possibility that they were diploidal somatic callus formed from the surrounding tissues of anther wall, although chromosome number were not examined yet due to the slow growth of the callus. The calluses were considered definitely haploid of microspore-origin. Prunus armeniaca의 1-2核小胞子期의 葯을 Murashige and Skoog의 改良培地에 kinetic, 2,4-D. NAA를 適宜組合하여 添加한 培地에 培養하였다. 培養한 葯 900개중 7個에서 callus가 생겨났는데 이중 1個는 葯隔組織에서 생겨났고 나머지 6個는 葯의 縫合線을 헤치고 葯內에서 나타났다. 이들 6個의 callus의 發生과 起源을 調査한바 小胞子가 變해서 생긴 것이 틀림없고 葯壁組織 由來의 體細胞性 callus가 아니라는 것이 明白히 되었다.

당근의 組織培養에 關한 硏究

韓昶烈(Changyawl HARN),權臣漢(Sinhan KWON),任建爀(Kunhyuk IM),金光植(Kwangsik KIM),金成器(Sungkih KIM) 한국원예학회 1968 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.3 No.-

Solanum nigrum L.의 葯培養에 關한 硏究 Ⅲ

Changyawl Harn(韓昶烈),Moon Za Kim(金文子) 한국육종학회 1971 한국육종학회지 Vol.3 No.2

Solanum nigrum의 半數性 Callus에서 얻어진 植物體들에 대한 細胞學的 調査와 形態的 特性調査를 實施하였다. 調査한 植物體 98개중에서 53개가 半數體로 제일 많았고 다음은 2倍體로 32個 였으며 其他는 3倍體 또는 異數體였다. 半數體는 2倍體에 比해 花器 및 氣孔의 크기가 작고 花粉은 完全不稔이었다. 葯에서 由來된 2倍體는 모든 待性이 母植物과 비슷하였으며 3倍體는 잎이 크고 둥글며 울퉁불퉁하게 되어 있어 다른 植物體들과의 區別이 용이하였다. 異數體는 一見 母植物과의 區別이 어려우나 花粉의 稔性이 낮았다. 半數體 PMC의 MI에서는 36個의 1價染色體를 形成하며 2倍體에서는 36個의 2價染色體를 形咸하였다. 3倍體와 異數體의 減數分裂은 매우 불규칙하였다. The anthers of Solanum nigrum L. (2n=72) were cultured on the medium supplemented with Kinetin, 2,4-D, and NAA. A total of 98 plants were obtained from the calli which emerged out of the anther slits. Cytological investigation showed that about half of the plants were haploid and the others were diploid, triploid, and aneuploid. Stoma and floral organ of haploid plants were smaller than the others, and pollens were completely sterile. The diploid plants derived from the anther were quite similar to the original plant in all characters examined. Triploid plant was rather robust in appearance but semisterile. Aneuploids were also sterile in various degrees. PMC’s of haploid formed mostly 36 univalent configuration at MI, while those of diploid formed 36 bivalent chromosomes.

菜蔬의 葯培養에 關한 硏究

韓昶烈(Changyawl HARN),高英瑞(Young Seu KOH),鄭德敎(Duckyo CHUNG),金秉煥(Byunhwan KIM) 한국원예학회 1969 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.6 No.-

放射線에 依한 고구마의 育種에 關한 硏究

韓昶烈(Changyawl Harn),金泳相(Young Sang Kim) 한국원예학회 1969 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.6 No.-

放射線 照射가 딸기의 市場性에 미치는 影響

韓昶烈(Changyawl HARN),金成器(Sungkih Kim) 한국원예학회 1968 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.3 No.-