http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Unmet Clinical Needs in the Treatment of Patients with Thyroid Cancer
김원배,전민지,김원구,김태용,송영기,김원배 대한내분비학회 2020 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.35 No.1
The increased incidence of thyroid cancer is a worldwide phenomenon; however, the issue of overdiagnosis has been most prominent in South Korea. The age-standardized mortality rate of thyroid cancer in Korea steeply increased from 1985 to 2004 (from 0.17per 100,000 to 0.85 per 100,000), and then decreased until 2015 to 0.42 per 100,000, suggesting that early detection reduced mortality. However, early detection of thyroid cancer may be cost-ineffective, considering its very high prevalence and indolent course. Therefore, risk stratification and tailored management are vitally important, but many prognostic markers can only be evaluatedpostoperatively. Discovery of preoperative marker(s), especially for small cancers, is the most important unmet clinical need for thyroid cancer. Herein, we discuss some such factors that we recently discovered. Another unmet clinical need is better treatment of radioiodine-refractory (RAIR) differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and undifferentiated cancers. Although sorafenib and lenvatinib areavailable, better drugs are needed. We found that phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, a critical enzyme for serine biosynthesis, couldbe a novel therapeutic target, and that the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio is a prognostic marker of survival in patients with anaplasticthyroid carcinoma or RAIR DTC. Deeper insights are needed into tumor-host interactions in thyroid cancer to improve treatment.
김원배,김숙환,권영각,장래웅,배석천 대한용접접합학회 1991 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.9 No.4
The direct brazing technology which could be used for the simplification of brazing process and the improvement of brazed joint quality was studied with $Al_2O_3$ and stainless steels. The brazing of $Al_2O_3$ to STS304 or STS430 was performed under different brazing conditions such as brazing filler metal, temperature, heating rate and brazing time. Microstructural observation and chemical analysis be SEM/EPAM were carried out to verify the quality of brazed joints. 4-point bending strength of brazed joints was also measured to find the optimal brazing conditions. The results showed that, in brazing of $Al_2O_3$, the mixed oxide layer resulted from the reaction between Ti in filler metal and oxide layer on the material surface to be brazed was found to be bery important for the joint quality. The width of oxide layer varied with the brazing conditions such as brazing time, heating rate and chemical composition of filler metals. The strength of brazed joints was more affected by the type of materials and their thermal properties than by brazing heat cycle.
김원배,Kim, Won-Bae 한국설비기술협회 1992 설비 : 공조ㆍ냉동ㆍ위생 Vol.9 No.10
이 원고는 한국과 독일간의 과학기술협정의 일환으로 에너지관련분야(원자력 제외)에 대한 양국간의 공동연구를 수행함에 있어 일단계 작업으로 독일측의 초청으로 한국에너지 전문가들이 독일을 방문한 결과 중 독일측의 에너지 R & D 현상을 설명듣고 견학한 내용등을 간추려서 작성하였다.
김원배,이철태,유영홍,박용성 한국화학공학회 1985 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.23 No.6
원소상 황의 새로운 황화제로서의 사용가능성을 조사하고자 탄소존재하에서 원소상 황과 함티탄자철광의 반응을 시도하였다. 반응변수로서는 황분압, 반응온도, 함티탄자철광에 대한 탄소첨가량의 무게비, 반응시간, 함티탄자철광의 입도등이 선정되었으며 검토결과 본 황화반응의 적정 조건은 황분압 0.2atm., 반응온도 800℃, 함티탄자철광에 대한 첨가탄소량의 무게비 0.7, 반응시간 90분, 함티탄자철광의 입도 0-150mesh였다. 위 조건에서 얻엉진 황화반응생성물을 1M HCl로 침출한 후 얻은 잔사의 TiO₂ 함량은 78.48%였다. The reactions in the carbon-elemental sulfur-titaniferous magnetite system were investigated in order to find the possibility of elemental sulfur being an alternative sulfidization agent. The study of this reaction included reaction variables such as partial ptessure of sulfur, reaction temperature, weight ratio of added carbon to titaniferous magnetite, reaction time, and particle size of titaniferous magnetite. The proper conditions for this sulfidization were that partial pressure of sulfur 0.2 atm., reaction temperature 800℃, weight ratio of added carbon to titaniferous magnetite 0.7, reaction time 90min., and particle size of titaniferous magnetite under 150 mesh. The content of TiO₂ of residue obtained by leaching the sulfidized product with 1M HCl was 78.48%.
김원배 대한갑상선학회 2012 International Journal of Thyroidology Vol.5 No.2
Thyroid follicular adenoma and hyperplastic adenomatoid nodule may show overlapping cytologic pattern with thyroid follicular carcinoma and follicular variant of thyroid papillary carcinoma. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has limited role in differential diagnosis of those lesions showing high cellularity and absence of colloid. Those lesions are conventionally termed ‘follicular neoplasm’. As diagnostic hallmarks of follicular carcinoma (vascular- and capsular invasion) cannot be detected by cytology, verification by histology after surgery is mandatory. However, only 20% of patients with thyroid nodules diagnosed cytologically as ‘follicular neoplasm’are finally diagnosed as carcinoma after surgery. Therefore, there have been many trials to differentiate follicular adenoma (FA) from follicular carcinoma (FTC) in preoperative setting. Among those trials are 1) cell morphometry analysis by computer graphics, analysis of telomerase expression level, quantitation of specific protein markers, or intensive cytological analysis using FNAC specimens, 2) ultrasonographic evaluation,dynamic MRI, or MR spectroscopy for thyroid nodules and 3) gene expression profile analysis for thyroid nodules by microarray technique, all showing limited success or limitations hampering clinical application. Similarly,intra-operative frozen section analysis of thyroid nodule had been known to be of no diagnostic utility in a prospective, randomized trial. Current management strategy for ‘follicular neoplasm’ is initial surgery for diagnostic purpose to get pathologic diagnosis. If the nodule is diagnosed finally as FTC, completion thyroidectomy with or without radioactive iodine therapy is recommended in most cases. Minimally invasive FTC (without vascular invasion) is known to have excellent prognosis in most cases, so traditionally those patients had undergone unilateral operation without completion thyroidectomy. But, there had been reported cases showing distant metastasis and/or recurrence in patients with ‘minimally invasive FTC’. One of problems in diagnosis of ‘minimally invasive FTC’ is lack of international standardization for pathologic diagnosis. Optimal surgical extent for cases with FTC is not known yet. It might have been due to lack of risk stratification of patients which is unique to FTC (not well differentiated thyroid cancer as a whole), lack of biomarker predicting prognosis of FTC, and lack of controlled trial for management of patients with FTC. In near future, application of molecular diagnostic markers is expected to improve our management strategy for thyroid nodules diagnosed as ‘follicular neoplasm’, if molecular pathogenesis of FA and of FTC are comprehensively understood.