상업교육(商業敎育)의 현대적조명(現代的照明)과 신사조(新思潮)

김홍대(金弘大) 한국경영교육학회 1987 경영교육연구 Vol.1 No.-

외교와 미술 : 『조선왕조실록』에 기록된 대명 외교 관련 자료를 중심으로

김홍대(金弘大) 한국미술연구소 2017 美術史論壇 Vol.- No.45

This thesis examines the function and role of art in diplomacy. In diplomacy, art can be categorized into ‘Art as a gift’ and ‘Art as an art’. As ‘Art as a gift’, art was a symbol of peace between the two countries. The handicraft was widely used as a gift from both countries. Ming sent lots of silk and books, and Joseon used to send special handicrafts such as Joseon paper, silk and stone lanterns. As ‘Art as an art’, art was a good medium for relaxing diplomatic relations with diplomats, interacting with culture, and enhancing friendship. Diplomats sometimes drew pictures or created calligraphy, and sometimes enjoied art pieces together. This paper is examining how arts played a role in diplomacy of Joseon Dynasty. This study divided the characteristics of arts into four categories based on the contents recorded in the "Annals of the Joseon Dynasty": First, diplomats of both countries create artworks on the spot; second, that diplomats of Ming dynasty purchase artworks of Joseon; third, someone creates artworks to leave his or her name; and fourth, someone uses artworks for diplomatic activities. Through this categorization, the present study could see how the roles of arts are specifically revealed in the diplomatic process, and trace their significance and values. This is different from the research method and direction in previous studies, which have mainly focused on the types and contents of artwork that expresses foreign-related themes. The present study identified that the diplomacy between Ming and Joseon was unequal.

2000년대를 대비한 실업교육의 혁신방안

김홍대 한국경영교육학회 1992 경영교육연구 Vol.6 No.-

市場細分化戰略에 관한 硏究

金弘大,金正洙 新羅大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.34 No.1

The main conclusion from this paper is that markets are made up of segments that are not all egually attractive to any one company. Given limited resources, a company should try to identify those market segments that it can best serve in terms of segment preferences, patterns of competition, and company strengths. The compavy can shape its marketing mix to be maximally effective in the chosen target market segments. Market segmentation offers companies at least three benefits. First, sellers can make finer adjustments of their product and marketing appeals. Instead of one marketing program aimed to draw in all potential buyers(the "shortgun" approach), sellers can create separate marketing programs aimed to meet the needs of different buyers;the "rifle" approach) Second, sellers are in a better position to spot and compare market opportunities. They can examine the needs of ezch segment in the light of the current competitive offerings and determine the extent of current satisfaction. Segments with relatively low levels of satisfaction from current offerings may represent excellent market opportunities. Third, sellers can develop marketing programs and budgets based on a chearer idea of the response characteristics of specific market segments. They cna allocate funds to the different segments in line with their likely levels of purchase response. In summary, market segmentation is the subdividing of a market into distinct subsets of customers, where any subset may conceivably be selected as a market torget to be reached with a distinct marketing mix. The opportunities present in a market increase when the marketer recognizes that it is made up of customer groups with varying preferences, not all of whom are likely to be receiving complete satisfaction from the current offerings of sellers. Markets cna be segmented on geographic, demographic, psychographic, and behavioristic variables. To be ultimately useful, the segments should be measureable, accessible, and substantial. The firm must analyze the worth of the different market segments as a prelude to selecting its target markets.

效率的인 消費者運動에 관한 實證的 硏究

金弘大 新羅大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

Consumer movement has become a popular cause with acadmicians, consumerist government officials, and even business leaders. That is the importance of consumer movement has been emphasized since long before. But before, there was not any realinterest in consume movement. Inefficient consumer ? can be an imfortant obstacle in achieved much attention in recent business ?terature. These ?sults have implications for the consumer movement. Because urbanization and education, which continue to rise nationwide, are directly correlated will the passage of consumer legislation. it is likely that consumer movement pressures will continue to be an important force in the market place. It seems apparent that consumer movement will affact industries, frms, government and the consuming public. The consumer movement will develop more power as its forces become more organized and as it develops more leadership. This will be partly manifested in legal remedies that the consumer will seek. At present, it appears the sucess of consumer movement will depend largely on governmental involvement, the beginning of which are already ??. The new consumer movement includes concern for distortions and inegualities in the economic environment and the declining eguality of the physical environment.

현대중기 상업교과목의 변천사적 고찰

김홍대 신라대학교 교육과학연구소 1999 교육과학연구 Vol.- No.4

논문 : 322편의 시와 글을 통해 본 17세기 전기 『고씨화보』

김홍대 ( Hong Dae Kim ) 온지학회 2003 溫知論叢 Vol.9 No.-

TiO₂-CaSO₄와 TiO₂-CaCO₃계의 고상반응기구 : TiO₂의 반응성 및 상형성 Reactivity of TiO₂and Phase Forming

김홍대,한인섭,유태석,정윤중 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1986 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.5 No.-

For to detect the mechanism of the product phase and the assignment of the two reactant on the solid state reaction of TiO₂ with the CaSO₄ and CaCO₃ respectively at the reaction temperature 900℃ - 1400℃, the refractive microscope, scanning electron microscope, and electron dispersive spectroscope analysis were examined. For the reaction of TiO₂ with CaSO₄ the product phase which earned is CaTiO₃perovskite and from the first, the intermediate product of TiO₂· CaO·SO₂ was formed. However, the main product phase is Ca₃Ti₂O7, which is coexisted in the product layer, at the reaction of TiO₂ with CaCO₃·TiO₂ was diffused into CaSO₄ and CaCO₃ reactant side is both two reaction. Specially, in the case of CaCO₃, the transfer of TiO₂ is rapid through the pore, which was formed with vaporization of CO₂ gas.

百貨店顧客의 라이프 스타일分析과 信用카드顧客의 購買行動分析

金弘大 부산여자대학교 사회과학연구소 1997 사회과학연구 Vol.- No.1

輸出品의 머천다이징 戰略에 관한 硏究

金弘大 新羅大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

Merchandising, in a wide sense, is the synonym of marketing which means product planning for manufacturers, and merchandise selection for sellers. Merchandising 1. product planning: manufacturer's merchandise management 2. merchandise selection: seller's merchandise management So merchandising can be divided into two categories: product planning and merchandise selection. Product planning, which means manufacturer's merchandise management, includes the collective meaning of product management, product development, product policy and product strategy etc.: merchandise selection, which means seller's merchandise management, includes the collective meaning of merchandising, merchandise organization etc. In case of merchandise selection, there is little difference in the meaning of the similar terms. But in case of product planning, there is a little difference in the meaning of the similar terms. The activity of the seller's merchandise management requires only merchandise selection, that is, what kind of merchandises must be chosen and sold, while the activity of manufacture means complicated product planning that is, what kind merchandise must they manufacture and sell to satisfy the desire of buyers. It is general opinion that a series of terms related with manufacturer's product planning can be divided as follows: manufacturer's merchandise manage ment=merchandising 1. product planning=product development: -to develop new products -to improve existing products -to discover the credit degree of existing products 2. product policy=product strategy -variety of products, simplication of products -classification of products, subdivision of markets Manufacturer's merchandising is similar to merchandise management, and product planning, to product development, and product policy, to product strategy. As we know by A.M.'s definition, it is reasonable that we must accept the meaning of merchandising in a wide sense. Product planning includes manufacturer's inside activities with regard to the development of new products, the improvement of existing products, and the increase of the credit degree of existing products. And product policy includes strategic aspects of outside management activities such as variety of products, simplication of products, classification of products and subdivision of markets. Therefore, merchandising is marketing activity which means the activity of merchandise management to satisfy the desire or necessity of buyers.