복지국제주의의 형성과 발전: 한국 복지국가에의 함의

김원섭 고려대학교 한국사회연구소 2019 한국사회 Vol.20 No.1

The welfare internationalism means that the welfare state operates at the international level beyond the national level, and the social policies widespread through the interactions between the international organizations and the national states. The welfare internationalism began after the Second World War when the importance of global politics reached its peak and was formed over a long period of time through the Cold War era. After the collapse of real socialism in the 1990s, which rapidly progressed the globalization of economy and politics, the welfare internationalism made a new leap forward. Following John Meyer’s world society theory, this study considers the national state as a cultural construct formed at the global level and therefore understands the welfare state as a result of spreading the world models and norms. In this sense, this study aims to reconstruct the formation process of welfare internationalism, which is a key component of world culture. Furthermore, this study suggests the theoretical implications of the formation and development of welfare internationalism to the welfare state in South Korea. 복지국제주의란 복지국가가 민족국가 차원을 넘어서 국제적 차원의 규범으로 작동하고 유 무형의 복지제도가 국제기구와 민족국가 간의 상호작용을 통하여 세계적 으로 확산되는 것을 의미한다. 복지국제주의는 국제정치의 중요성이 최대치에 이르 렀던 2차 세계대전 직후에 시작하여 냉전기의 시기를 거쳐 장기간에 걸쳐 형성되었 고, 이후 현실 사회주의 붕괴 후 정치, 경제, 문화적 측면의 세계화가 급속히 진전된 1990년대에 다시 최대치로 발전하였다. 본 연구는 존 마이어의 세계사회론에 근거 하여 민족국가를 세계적 차원에서 형성된 문화적 구성물로 간주하며 따라서 민족 국가 단위의 제도인 복지국가 역시 세계모델과 규범의 확산이라는 관점에서 파악 한다. 이런 점에서 본 논문의 목적은 복지 분야에서의 복지국제주의 세계모델의 형 성 과정을 재구성하는 것이다. 나아가 이 연구는 복지국제주의의 형성과 발전이 한 국 복지국가에 주는 이론적 함의를 제시하고자 한다.

유도무기의 소형 임베디드 시스템을 위한 스퀴브 착화 및 상태 점검회로 설계

김원섭,안기현,이민석 한국군사과학기술학회 2023 한국군사과학기술학회지 Vol.26 No.1

In the recent defence industries, it is required to develop the small and low cost embedded systems for guided missiles. According to the characteristics of guided missiles, the mission is conducted with multiple phases, which include a squib activation phase. By considering the unexpected squib activation, the squib system should be disabled after the launch of a guided missile. Therefore, the squib system needs to include the functions of the safe ignition and status check. This paper presents the squib ignition and status check circuits design for the compact embedded systems in guided missiles. Validation results show that for the functions of the squib ignition and status check, the presented circuits design performs well. The designed circuits also were implemented with various electronic devices and validated by the ground and flight tests.

Euonymus alatus 추출물이 마우스 복강 대식세포의 활성에 미치는 영향

김원섭,이병용,이정호 의과학연구소 2000 全北醫大論文集 Vol.24 No.2

The previous studies showed that Euonymus alatus(EA) had significant antianaphylactic, antidiabetic, antidotic and antiarthri-togenic properties, suggesting some possibilities that its effects might be manifested, at least in part, by the down-regulation of macrophage functions. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of EA on the macrophage functions, such as interleukin 1β(IL 1β)-, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)-, nitric oxide(NO)- and superoxide-production, and NF κ B- activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages. Mice were pretreated by a single I.p. injection of EA-water extract(10㎎/mouse) on 1,2,4 or 8hr before elution of peritoneal macrophages from peritoneal cavity. Peritoneal macrophages were cultured in the presence of varying concentrations of EA. Not only lipopolysaccharide(LPS)- and interferon γ (IFNγ)-induced NO production but also LPS-induced TNF α and IL 1β production of macrophages was significantly inhibited by EA in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The superoxide production of macrophages was slightly increased only when EA was pretreated before stimulating the cells, but it was completely blocked when EA was added after activation. EA pretreatment also resulted in an inhibition of the activation of NF-κB. Taken together, this study led to conclusion that EA itself strongly inhibited overexperression of macrophage function, and also suggested that anti-inflammatory effect of EA might be manifested by down-regulation of macrophage functions.

노오란 눈을 맞다

김원섭 대한사립학교장회(구 대한사립중고등학교장회) 2020 私學 Vol.160 No.-

다제 내성 대장균에 있어서 Plasmid DNA의 Curing 현상에 관한 연구

김원섭 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 1999 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.9 No.1

연구 목적: 많은 종류의 박테리아에는 고유의 유전자를 지니는 염색체외에도 플래즈미드(plasmid)라는 유전인자 물질이 광범위하게 존재한다. 이 플래즈미드는 항생제 내성, 살균 물질 생산, 병원성 독소 생산 등의 기능과 관련된 유전인자를 지니고 있으나, 인위적으로 조합된 플래즈미드의 경우는 매우 불안정하다고 알려져 있다. 이에 냉동과 실온을 반복한 뒤 플래즈미드가 소실되는지의 여부와 항생제 내성 발현 여부를 조사하여, 자연적인 curing의 가능성에 대하여 고찰하였다. 재료 및 방법: -70℃에 보관한 균주를 실온에 방치 한 뒤 다시금 -70℃에 보관하는 과정을 3회 이상 반복 시행한 뒤 플래즈미드의 소실 여부를 관찰하였다. 결 과: E. coli 7A에서 추출되었던 플래즈미드는 여러 개의 각기 다른 크기의 compatible plasmid로서 항생제 내성인자가 공통적으로 존재하였을 가능성을 시사해 주었다. 결론: 자연적인 curing현상은 transposon 연구에 이용되기도 하지만 균주에 들어 있는 플래즈미드의 예상치 못한 소실을 초래할 수 있다. 이런 경우는 -70℃에 보관하였던 균주를 계대 배양하지 않고 자주 실온에 녹여 재 사용하는 경우 발생할 수 있는 것으로 보인다. 따라서 이러한 플래즈미드 curing현상을 방지하기 위해서는 high copy-number플래즈미드를 지닌 균주를 장기간 보관할 경우 일단 실온에서 녹인 균주는 반드시 게대 배양하여 새롭게 보관하여야 할 것으로 사료된다. 그리고 내성인자의 보존유무는 전기영동을 통해 직접 플래즈미드를 확인하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : Extrachromosomal genetic elements (plasmids) are distributed widespread in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. They provide an important role to the flexibility of the organism's response to changes in environment. The widely studied plasmid-borne characteristics are drug-resistance, production of antimicrobial proteins, toxins, formation of sex pilli, etc. Plasmids are very fluid in their make-up; the presence of transposons leads to gene rearrangement by the process of transposition. The characteristic feature of plasmids is their instability. The plasmid-borne features are often lost from a population at a higher frequence than would be expected from the normal process of mutation. There are three distinct causes involved; plasmid integrity, partitioning at cell division, and differential growth rates. High-copy number plasmids such as naturally occurring R-factor and genetically engineered plasmids are structurally unstable. Therefore, it is possible for them to be cured naturally. Materials and Methods : In this study, naturally occurred curing was investigated in the multiple drug-resistant E. coli. These isolates were stored at -70℃ and were taken out to at room temperature. This procedure was repeated more than 3 times. The loss of plasmids was identified in these isolates by gel electrophoresis. Results : The level of ampicillin resistance in plasmid-cured isolates was lowered as compared to the original level, but was increased more of less after subculture with ampicillin induction. Among these isolates, the plasmid DNA of E. coli 7A was found to show five bands before curing and to be lost after curing on the agarose gel electrophoresis. The size of original bands were 4.0 Mdal, 3.5 Mdal, 3.0 Mdal, 1.4 Mdal, and 0.8 Mdal. The 1.4 Mdal and 0.8 Mdal-sized bands were thought to be identical but other bands were thought to be different ones by analysis of these plasmid bands which had been electroeluted and digested with HindⅢ. These bands might be compatible plasmids with common characteristics. With these results, it's assumed that the drug-resistant gene element of E. coli 7A may be trandposition-related or may be positioned on the chromosomal DNA. And in order to maintain high copy number plasmid such as recombinant DNA, it seems to be necessary to subculture with continuous antibiotic selective pressure.

超高壓送電에 따른 長幹碍子의 開發에 關한 硏究

金元燮,金斗燮 全北大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

This paper explains well in developing new long Rod insulator and it's design at the base of new method of insulation development, and will serve the safety of power supply system and the improvement of reliability. I analyze theoretically flashover discharge characteristics of Long Rod insulators and develop the new type Long Rod insulator experimentally in this paper. Generally, flashover phenomena of suspension insulator or Bushing etc. are called flashover discharge in space and surface series air gaps. Their characteristics, according to creeping surface distance and space air gap, show various phenomena. The destructive voltage and progress of creeping surface corona and creeping flashover discharge varies according to the shape and arrangement of the electrode, the surface condition of the solid dielectrics and the amount of moisture in the air. Whole gap flashover discharge characteristics change according to arrangement and relative size of the electrode can be classified according to the following three forms; continuously increasing, decreasing, decreasing after increasing and increasing after decresing. Whole gap maximum flashover voltage will be obtained by adjusting the gap ratio and the size electrode. The characteristics may be obtained by theoretical analysis and it will be an important factor on development of new long Rod insulators in super high voltage Transmission. All the advanced countries has adopted the Transmission system by super High voltage Transmission. Lately, many European countries are prepared to 1000kv High Voltage transmission system, therefore it is necessary for us to develop new type insulators and other many transmission devices.

뇌전증을 가진 소아에서의 레비티라세탐 단일요법

김원섭,심지윤 대한소아신경학회 2011 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Purpose:Levetiracetam hasa been used in adjuvant therapy. It has also been used in monotherapy in other countries and therefore, we also studied the effect and efficacy of Levetiracetam monotherapy. Methods:We retrospectively studied the types of epilepsy, EEG, and drug dosage. We studied 101 epilepsy children treated by Levitiracetam monotherapy who had visited our hospital from August 2007 to July 2009. Results:Participants were aged one month to 20 years. The mean age of Levetiacetam therapy was initially 11±4 years (from 3 years to 21 years), and the type of epilepsy was partial in 57.4% and generalized in 42.6%. The mean dose I initially began at 6±4 mg/kg/day (from 2 mg/kg/day to 30 mg/kg/day) with a mean final dose of 30±8 mg/kg/day (from 6 mg/kg/day to 60 mg/kg/day), a mean duration of therapy of 21±11months, and a duration of therapy ranging from one to 38months. Further, 60.3% of patients became seizure free and 96.9% exhibited at least a 50% reduction in seizure over a 12 month period. Side effects included behavioral change (8), asthenia (2), cognitive change (1), rash (2), headache (5), inadequate seizure control (2), and increased seizure (5). Levetiracetam was discontinued due to inadequate seizure control (2), increased seizure (5) and side effects (2). Conculsion:We studied the efficacy and tolerability of monotherapy of Levetiracetam and found that it was effective and tolerable in monotherapy for epilepsy. 목 적:레비티라세탐은 뇌전증 환아에게 부가 요법으로 많이 사용되어 왔으나 본 연구는 레비티라세탐의 단일 요법에 대하여 반응을 잘하는지 여부와 효과를 보고자 하였다. 방 법:이번 연구는 2007년 8월부터 2009년 7월 31일까지 충북대학교병원에 내원한 간질 환아 101명을 대상으로 하였고, 간질의 형태, 뇌파의 변화, 약물의 시작 용량과 증량정도 최고 농도에 대하여 비교 분석하였다. 결 과:대상 연령은 1개월에서 20세사이의 환아로 통계분석결과 1) 레비티라세탐을 처음으로 처방받은 나이는 평균 11±4세이고 3세와 21세 사이로 분포하였다. 2) 레비티라세탐을 처방받은 환자군은 부분간질은 57.4%였고 전신간질은 42.6%였다. 3) 레비티라세탐 시작용량은 평균 6±4 mg/ kg/day이고 2 mg/kg/day에서 30 mg/kg/day 사이이다. 증량용량은 평균 3±2 mg/kg/day이고 0 mg/ kg/day에서 17 mg/kg/day 사이이다. 최종용량은 평균 30±8 mg/kg/day 이었고 6 mg/kg/day과 60 mg/ kg/day 사이였다. 4) 레비티라세탐 평균 사용기간은 21±11개월이었고 1개월과 38개월 사이의 분포를 보였다. 5) 12개월동안 경련이 50% 이상 감소한 경우는 96.9% 였으며, 75% 감소한 경우는 80.1%, 경련의 100% 감소는 60.3% 였다. 6)부작용은 행동 변화가 8례, 두통이 5례, 경련 증가가 5례, 무기력증이 2례, 발진이 2례, 부적절한 경련 조절이 2례, 인식 변화가 1례 이었다. 7) 중간에 레비티라세탐 복용을 그만 둔 이유는 보호자 임의 중단이 10례, 경련 증가가 5례, 부적절한 경련 조절이 2례, 부작용이 2례가 있었다. 결 론:본 연구는 레비티라세탐의 단일요법에 대하여 반응이 잘 되는지 여부와 효과를 보고자 한 것으로 12개월 동안 경련이 50% 감소한 경우는 16.8%였으며, 75% 감소한 경우는 19.8%, 경련의 100% 감소는 60.3%로 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 경련의 100% 감소는 부분 발작에서 55.1%, 전신 발작에서 67.4%이었고, 75% 경련 감소를 누적해서 보면 부분 발작이 80.9%, 전신 발작이 81.3%에서 효과가 있었다. 이번 연구는 후향적으로 이루어진 것으로 전향적으로 더 많은 사례로 연구를 한 다면 더 좋은 결과가 있을 것으로 여겨진다.

Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors for treatment in tuberous sclerosis

김원섭 대한소아청소년과학회 2011 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.54 No.6

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic multisystem disorder that results from mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes, and is associated with hamartomas in several organs, including subependymal giant cell tumors. The neurological manifestations of TSC are particularly challenging and include infantile spasms, intractable epilepsy, cognitive disabilities, and autism. The TSC1- and TSC2-encoded proteins modulate cell function via the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)signaling cascade, and are key factors in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation. The mTOR pathway provides an intersection for an intricate network of protein cascades that respond to cellular nutrition,energy levels, and growth factor stimulation. In the brain, TSC1 and TSC2 have been implicated in cell body size, dendritic arborization,axonal outgrowth and targeting, neuronal migration, cortical lamination,and spine formation. The mTOR pathway represents a logical candidate for drug targeting, because mTOR regulates multiple cellular functions that may contribute to epileptogenesis, including protein synthesis, cell growth and proliferation, and synaptic plasticity. Antagonism of the mTOR pathway with rapamycin and related compounds may provide new therapeutic options for TSC patients.

규제 완화는 만병통치약인가?

김원섭 참여연대사회복지위원회 2015 월간 복지동향 Vol.- No.201

A Study on preventing insulators from salt accident(Ⅲ) : centering on a new apparatus of insulator and insulation materials

김원섭 성화대학교 1993 成和論叢 Vol.- No.3

2000 ASHRAE winter meeting에서 발표되었던 논문 중 열펌프와 신냉매 관련 논문 몇 편을 정리하여 이 분야의 기술동향을 소개하였다. 열펌프 분야에서는 다양한 HVAC시스템의 경제성 분석을 수행한 논문이 인상적이다. 다양한 HVAC&R 시스템이 사용중에 있으면서도 미국이라는 환경에서 가장 경제적인 HVAC 시스템을 찾고자하는 노력을 하고 있다. 또한 열펌프 중에서도 지열을 이용한 시스템 연구가 가장 많은 것으로 보아 오존층 파괴 가능성이 없는 신냉매 연구와 함께 환경친화형 HVAC&R시스템을 개발하려는 노력이 엿보인다. 이러한 노력은 법적 규제와 EPA 등 국가기관의 권고안을 만족시키기 위해서이기도 하다. 이러한 경향은 우리나라에도 곧 나타날 것으로 기대된다. According to the industrial development there appears a more increase of the electrical demand, and along with such phenomenon, it is inevitable to develop a new transmission technique as one of the most important problems. In the light of the importance of the salt injury, the improvement measure for it has already been studied and presented, and this study has mainly focussed on the still unsolved problems about or concerning insulators and the Bushings etc. And besides that, this study will also help the improvement of the reliability and safety of the power system, and it is belived to be and important materials for developing a newly improved insulator.