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蘇在敦 圓光大學校大學院 1980 學位論叢 Vol.5 No.-
Studies were conducted to investigate the morphological and physico-chemical characteristics of wetland rice soils occurring in Honam area, and to find out a method for the evaluation of productivity of wetland rice soils by relating the observed soil characteristics with the experimentally obtained rice yield data. The results are summarized as following. 1. Morphological characteristics of wetland rice soils in Honam area. ˚ Topography: Rice soils occur mostly in flat plain(40.3%), local valley of hill or mountain(21.2%), and local valley of low hills(24.2%). The remainder occurs in river site(1.3%), low undulating terraces(4.8%), and low flat plain(8.2%). ˚ Slope distribution: Alomost of the wetland rice soils are found in slopes of less than 7%(0-2%;44%, 2-7%;38.7%). Around 17% of total rice soils are found in the areas with the slope of 7-15%. In the areas with 15-30% slope, only 0.7% of total rice soils are found. ˚ Soil parent materials: More than 55.7% of wetland soils are derived from local alluvium. Remainders are derived from fluvio-marine deposits(20.9%), alluvium(17.7%) and marine deposits(2.7%). ˚ Available soil depth: More than 70% of wetland rice soils have the available depth of more than 100cm. Sizeable area of them have the available depth of 20-50cm. There are soils with even less than 20cm of available depth. ˚ Soil drainage: Most widely occurring is the imperfectly drained soils(59.8%). The remainders are classified as moderately well drained (28.0%) and poorly drained(12.2%). 2. physico-chemical characteristics of wetland rice soils. ˚ Soil texture distribution: Major soil texture families are fine loamy(38.2%), coarse loamy(35.1%) and fine silty(l4.5%). ˚ Soil reaction: Most of the soils being distributed in the range of pH 5.0-6.5, in general, no problem is expected due to soil pH. However there are the soils of which pH is lower than 5.0(2.7%) and higher than 7.0(1.8%), In these soils, it is expected that the productivity of soils can be increased by correcting the pH through proper means. ˚ Organic matter contents: Majority(66.3%) of rice soils contain 2-3% of organic matter; similar to country average. However, 25% of rice soils are found to be too low in organic matter contents(2.0%). No soils with too much organic matter are found in this area. ˚ Cation exchange capacity: It is found that the cation exchange capacity of rice soils occurring in the area is generally lower than that of country average. In majority of them(71.3%), the cation exchange capacity is lower than 1Ome/100g. ˚ Exchangeable cations and base saturation ratio: In case of exchangeable Ca, the average figure being 4.5me/100g, no difference from country average is found. However, the exchangeable Mg shows unique distribution pattern. In the soils distributed in coastal and plain regions, exchangeable Mg contents are relatively higher than in other regions. Exchangeable K is high in coastal and plain regions and low in mountainous region. The soils with 60-80% of base saturation ratio occupy around 48.1% of total rice areas. In some parts of coastal region, there are the soils with the base saturation ratios of 80-100%. ˚ Available phosphate: It is found that the average content of available phosphate is high enough for rice cultivation in general. However, in 13.2% of total rice soils, available phosphate is lower than 30ppm, which is considered not to be sufficient for the elevated yield of rice. ˚ Available silica: The distribution pattern of available silica is rather peculiar; In about 28.5% of soils the available silica content is 40-70ppm, while in another 30.8% of soils it is more than 130ppm, and the remainder(40.7% of soils) is evenly distributed in the ranges of 70-100ppm and 100-130ppm. 3. The relationships between the soil characteristics and rice yield. ˚ Morphological characteristices and rice yield; Rice yield is generally high in the local valley of low hills and low in river sites. This fact is also reflected in that with the yield of rice is higher in the lands with 2-7% of slopes than in the lands with 0-2% slopes. It is found that the available soil depth influences the yield of rice strikingly. On the soils with the available depth of less than 20㎝ the yield is extremely low. However, if the available soil depth is more than 50㎝, there is no significant difference in yield along with the increase of depth. It seems that the drainge status of soils does not influence the yield of rice if the drainage grades are in the range of moderately well to poor. However, the highest yield is observed in imperfectly drained soils. Soil parent material also influences the yielding potentials of rice soils. The highest yield is observed in the soils derived from local alluvium and lowest in soils derived from marine deposits. In Honam area where the light textured soils prevail, it is observed that the heavier the texture, the higher the yield of rice. It is also observed that in soils with extremely high in silt content the rice yield is relatively low. ˚ Chemical characteristics and rice yield: The chemical characteristics have more clear relationship with rice yield are organic matter content, CEC and available silica content. Other factors such as soil pH, contents of exchangeable cations and base saturation ratio do not show significant correlations with the yield of rice. Between the organic matter and available silica contents and CEC and rice yield, there are positive correlations, while between the pH and base saturation ratio and rice yield, although no significant statistically there are trends that the higher the pH(above 7.0) and the higher the base saturation ratio(above 80%), the lower the yield of rice. 4. Suggestion of a soil productivity classification method for wetland rice soils and evaluation of productivity of rice soils of Honam area. ˚ Derivation of soil productivity index. A new approach was made to derive a soil productivity index(PI), using the relative yield contribution coefficients(RC) and the relative suitability ratings(RR) of individual soil characteristics, as shown in following equation. ◁수식 삽입▷ (원문을 참고하세요) ˚Evaluation of soil productivity of rice soil in Honam area. Using the soils productivity index suggested above, the productivity classification for the soils occurring in Honam area in tried. The result shows that out of 138 soil units(mapping units), 34, 58, 32, and 14 soils are found to be in the productivity classes of I, II, III, and IV, respectively. It is also found that in Honam area, as a whole, the soil factor of lowest suitability rating is CEC. In coastal region low organic matter content and low CEC of soils should be considered at the first place to elevate the productivity of rice soils. In other regions, CEC is the lowest suitability factor.
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新干拓地에 있어서 水稻에 대한 亞鉛施用效果에 관한 硏究
嚴大翼,蘇在敦,金漢明 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1982 農大論文集 Vol.13 No.-
Studies were made to determine the effect of application of Zn-KM, ZnSO4, and FTE on yields and nutrition of rice in a newly reclaimed saline soil at Gyehwa-Do, Jeonbug. Three rates of each zinc material (0, 2.5, 5.0kg/10a) were applied in combination with gypsum (300kg/10a) and rice straw (600kg/10a), The results are as follows: 1. Application of zinc resulted in significant increases in yields of rice. No difference was obtained between zinc materials. 2. Application of zinc in combination with rice straw Save higher yields than that with gypsum. 3 The highest yields were obtained at 5.0kg/10a of Zn-KM and FTE, and at 2.Skg/10a of ZnSO4. 4. Application of gypsum and rice straw resulted in desalinization of the soil, thus reducing Na content of soil at harveet. 5. Zinc concentration in rice tissue without application of zinc showed below critical level of 20 ppm. 6 . Application zinc resulted in significant increase in zinc concentration in rice tissue at harvest. Application of 5.0kg/10a of FTE showed the highest zinc concentration of 32 ppm. 7 Application of gypsum, rice straw and 2inc resulted in increases in total nitrogen content in rice tissue at harvest.
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嚴大翼,蘇在敦 全北大學校 1973 論文集 Vol.15 No.-
우리나라 土壤의 置換容量에 대하여 最近에 設定된 104個 土壤統을 중심으로 土壤의 土地利用 現況別 土壤群別 置換容量 및 置換容量과 밀접한 關係 있는 점토 腐植 等과의 相關關係를 調査한 바 그 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 우리나라 土壤의 平均 置換容量은 表土 10.38 心土 11.16 基層 9.14me/100g였으며 畓, 田, 林野, 草地의 順으로 높아지는 傾向이었다. 2. 土壤群別 置換容量은 表土에서 10~15me/100g에 屬하는 것은 Haplumbrepts, Eutrochrepts, Haplaquepts, Hapludalfs, Hapludults 5~10me/100g에 屬하는 것은 Udifluvents, Fragiochrepts, Pystrochrepts, Hapludollus, Ochrqualfs, Phodudults 5me/100g 以下에 屬하는 것은 Udipsamments, Psammaquents였다. 3. 우리나라 土壤의 置換容量과 점토含量, 有機物含量, pH 및 微砂土量과의 相關關係는 다음과 같은 復回歸 方程式을 얻었으며, Y=7.5546+0.02385X_1+0.23887X_2+1.6999X_3+1.0699X_4 Y : 置換容量 X_1=微砂含量 X_2=점토함량 X_3=pH X_4=有機物含量 이들의 Standard Partial Regression Coefficient는 다음과 같다. 微砂 ; b'X_1=0.0678 점토 ; b'X_2=0.5724 pH ; b'X_3=0.2421 有機物 ; b'X_4=0.4217 卽 置換容量을 支配하는 要因은 점토가 가장 크고 다음이 有機物, pH 그리고 작으나마 微砂도 關與한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 4. 우리나라 土壤에 함유되는 有機物의 置換容量은 42~68me/100g 점토는 15~25me/100g로 推定되며 점토의 置換容量은 土壤中 有機物의 增加에 따라 減少하였다. The relationship between cation exchange capacity and other soil properties(clay content, organic matter content, silt content, and acidity)based on 104 soil series of Korea are summarized as follows : 1. The average cation exchange capacity in Korean soils are 10.38 in surface, 11.16 in subsoils, and 9, 14 milliequivalent per 100 grams of soils in substrata respectively. The cation exchange capacity normally had the highest value in paddy soils, next to upland, forest land, grass land order. 2. Considering it with great groups level in soil classification, the soil which the cation exchange capacity ranges from 10 to 15 milliequivalent of 100 grams of soils belong to Haplumbrepts. Eutrochrepts, Hapludalfs, and Hapludults ; 10 to 15me/100g belong to Udifluvents Fragiochrepts, Dystrochrepts, Hapludalls, Ochraqualfs, and Rhodududults; below 5me/100g belong to Udipsaments and Psammaquents. 3. The relationship between cation exchange capacity and clay content as well as organic matter content, pH and silt content are following : Y =-7.5546+0.02385x_1+0.23887x_2+1.6999x_3+1.0699x_4 Y =cation exchange capacity x_1=silt content x_2=clay content x_3=pH x_4=organic matter content The standard and particle regression coefficient of above regression is : silt : bx_1=0.0678 clay : bx_2=0.5724 pH : bx_3=0.2421 organic matter : bx_4=0.4217 Clay is most striking factor to effect the cation exchange capacity, the second is pH, and silt give a little influence to it. 4. the cation exchange capacity of organic matter in Korean soils range from 42 to 68 milliequivalent per 100 grams of soils, in clay ranges from 15 to 25 me/100g of soils. The cation exchange capacity of clay decrease according to organic matter increase.
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根瘤菌 및 改良劑處理가 大豆의 收量 및 窒素效率에 미치는 影響
嚴大翼,蘇在敦,金漢明 전북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1981 農大論文集 Vol.12 No.-
To investigate the effect of root nodule bacteria and soil conditioner treatment on the yield and nitrogen efficiency of soybean and the change in physicochemical property, the experiments were carried out through three years from 1978 till 1980. The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1 . Jeonnam, Songieong and Yesan soil series were treated with double superphosphate lime for the control of 5% phosphorous absorption coefficient and slaked lime of lime requirements by O.R.D. method as a soil conditioner. and root nodule bacteria by coating method were inoc-ulated into all the above three soil series. Their treatment plots were generally improved the Physicochemical properties of soil and increased the factors of fertility compared with the other untreated plots. 2. The increase in yield of soybean was observed in treatment number 8>9>7>6>5>4 in order of degrees of increase. And the activity of root nodule bacteria was also activated in these plots of yield increase and the formulation of root nodule was a qreat quantity. The positive correlation and the significant difference between fresh weight and yield of root noduleper hill were observed. 3. In considering the relation between the fresh weight and nitrogen efficiency of root nodule, nitrogen efficiency was high in the increased plots of fresh weight of root nodule, and correlation between them was positive. 4. The positive correlation and the highly significant difference was observed between the nitrogen efficiency and yield of soybean.
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