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신영우 한국사연구회 2011 한국사연구 Vol.154 No.-
The Namjob-peasant Army(南接農民軍) which was organized by Jeon Bongjun(全琫準) were gathered at Nonsan(論山). Afterward the Bukjob-Peasant Army(北接農民軍) was organized by the order of Choi Si-Hyeong(崔時亨) were gathered at Yeongdong(永同). The tens of thousands of people was called up for duty to their community during a few weeks from all over the country; Gyeonggi(京畿) Gangwon(江原) Chungcheong(忠淸) and Gyeongsang(慶尙) provinces. On October 23, they were moving to go into the battle field. The Daegyo(大橋) battle was the first major conflict in Gongju. The Bukjob-Peasant Army was a counterparty at the Daegyo(大橋) battle. This is revealed for the first time by this article. After that, the Bukjob-Peasant Army and the Namjob-Peasant Army gathered at Nonsan. The Donghak Peasant Army, the Namjob and Bukjob-peasant Army(南北接聯合農民軍) attacked the Gongju castle. Ein(利仁) and Bongwhangsan(鳳凰山) were districts of the Bukjob-Peasant Army. These battles were ended with the defeats of the the Donghak Peasant Army. The winners were the Japanese army and the royal forces of Joseon dynasty. The remaining Bukjob-Peasant Army rallied in Nonsan. Then Japanese troops arrived unexpectedly in Yonsan(連山) that is contiguous. The Bukjob-Peasant Army assumed the Japanese aggressively start a fight on the heights. The Japanese army, however, counterattacked with a new-type weapon. Again the Donghak Peasant Army was defeated. And the toll of dead and injured was high. Until November 26, the battles of Nonsan, Wonpyong(院坪), Taein(泰仁) were continued. The Donghak Peasant Army was vanquished at the battles of Jeolla(全羅) province in 1894 November. This was the results of the gap of armaments and the lack of discipline. Nevertheless, the Bukjob-Peasant Army had been fought in the following fierce battles bravely.