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朝鮮時代 代表的 知識人의 茶文化空間 硏究 : 孤山, 茶山, 草衣를 事例로
玄永助(Hyun Young Jo) 한국차학회 2001 한국차학회지 Vol.7 No.3
우리는 생활의 여유가 필요하다. 그 여유라는 것은 자연속에서 자연과 더불어 차(茶) 한 잔 마시면서 사문철(史文哲)을 중요시하는 여유를 의미한다. 즉, 낭비없는 세련된 삶의 방법으로 차문화(茶文化)의 중요성을 강조하는 것이다. 따라서 역사의 흔적이 뚜렷이 남아있는 조선시대를 살다간 지식인들의 생활공간중에서 차를 즐기던 다담(茶談)의 공간을 조사연구하여 현대인들에게 삶의 질을 찾을 수 있는 정신적 공간을 제공하려고 한다. 그 사례로 조선시대를 살다간 대표적인 지식인들의 차문화 공간은 온고지신(溫故知新)의 철학적 예술공간을 창출하는데 큰 도움이 된다. 우선 제1차로 호남문화권에서 고산, 다산, 초의의 차문화공간을 직접 답사후 문헌과 비교하여 연구한 결과 그 지역의 대부분의 차문화공간은 자연환경에 순응하려는 풍수지리 사상을 기초로 하여 터를 잡고 건축물을 배치하였음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 차문화공간은 건출물의 내외부를 자연계와 연계시켰음을 알 수 있다. 따라서 사계절이 뚜렷한 조선의 차문화공간은 계절에 따라 가변적으로 사용할 수 있도록 공간 구성이 짜여 있음을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 호남문화권에 한정되었으므로 추후, 영남문화권과 중부문화권을 조사연구하여 공통점과 특징을 정리하여야 함은 물론 이 시대에 공감할 수 있는 차문화공간을 창출하여야 한다고 생각한다. 즉, 차문화공간은 생활철학을 담는 그릇이어야 된다. 그것은 일률적이 아닌 자유와 규제를 조화시킬 수 있고 자연 생태적으로 공생할 수 있는 서실상생(虛實相生)의 세련된 예술문화 공간이어야 한다.
玄永助(Hyun, Young Jo) 한국차학회 2002 한국차학회지 Vol.8 No.1
We need and easy and graceful life, which means that thinking much of Sa Mun Chul(History, Literature and Philosophy) over a cup of tea along with nature is very important to us. This is, it emphasizes the importance of tea culture by wasteless, refined way of living. So, We intend to provide people with mental space, which can give modern people a life of quality by studying a space of talking over tea in intellectuals' life space in the days of Chosun dynasty which bears the marks of history now. This is a case in point which and provide valuable aid to creating philosophical art spaces of 'understanding the new by exploring the old'. Especially, we can tell that Chosun's spaces of tea culture connected the inside and outside of structures with a natural world. Accordingly, Chosun's spaces of tea culture along with the changes of four seasons are known to have been plotted in order to be variably usable. In conclusion, spaces of tea culture should be a vessed for philosophy of life. They should be refined spaces of artistic culture with 'the playing with interaction of contrast' which can harmonize freedom with regulation and coexist naturally and ecologically.
玄永助(Hyun, Young Jo) 한국차학회 2002 한국차학회지 Vol.8 No.3
Characteristic of the space of the traditional tea culture of Corea, Japan and China. The space as the vessel which puts in the tea culture of Corea, Japan and China would make us find the courtesy, law and the arts of space. In other words, we can discover the features and the point of sameness of the 3 countries by comparing the characteristic, scope, atmosphere and formative nature of the space. The space of Corea's tea culture is the one of Poongsoo-Eco.(Feng-shui and ecology); the space of freedom and autonomous variable space at the same time, and that of Japan is standardized and systematized and the space of tea culture(tea chamber) can be called the symbol of Japanese traditional architecture. As for China, during the Tang Age, the Ming Dynasty and Ching Kingdom, the space of the playing with interaction of contrast are being made as living tea culture and artistic tea culture. Consequently, though the regional characteristic of the three countries are all distinct, we can see they are the refined living cultural space which takes the courtesy, law and arts seriously. Especially, we think it is the big yield of this study that the following conclusion has been gained as the common formative kernel out of the formative nature of the tea culture space of the three countries. When expressing by color the air of the space of Corea's tea culture, the positive color sense by natural gloss, and the color of negative dark shade and shadow is expressed in Japan. On the other hand, China emphasizes Hyun's color sense. That is; it means "HYUN" is just like the color of dark black ink stick. However, in a long run, we can see that the space of the tea culture of Corea, Japan and China is on the whole, the space of Ye.Do.Ye(Courtesy, Law & Arts) playing with interaction of contrast.
현영조(Hyun, Young Jo) 한국차학회 2000 한국차학회지 Vol.6 No.3
Since long ago, koreans, along with Chinese, enjoyed tea, Koreans knew that the purpose of drinking tea to pursuit a way of humanly life. It should serve as a model for the new tea culture space in the midst of a modern era, which is sympathizing with tradition at odds. Realistically, the tea culture space 'YeDoYe' should be the spiritual tradition which sympathizes with the modern era's artistic space.
아세트아미노펜 사용 편의성 증가 후 중독발생 위험의 지속적 관리 필요성
조승직 ( Seung Jik Jo ),강현영 ( Hyun Young Gang ),이시진 ( Si Jin Lee ),배규현 ( Gyu Hyun Bae ),이의중 ( Eui Jung Lee ),한갑수 ( Kap Su Han ),김수진 ( Su Jin Kim ),이성우 ( Sung Woo Lee ) 대한임상독성학회 2020 대한임상독성학회지 Vol.18 No.2
Purpose: Since 2012, acetaminophen can be accessed easily not only at pharmacies but also at convenience stores. The relationship between the easy access of acetaminophen and the risk of poisoning has been controversial. Several studies also reported different results regarding the risk of acetaminophen poisoning after access to acetaminophen was relaxed. This study examined the long-term effects on the risk of acetaminophen poisoning after easy access to acetaminophen was implemented. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of an emergency department (ED)-based in-depth Injury Surveillance Cohort by the Korea Center for Disease Control and prevention from 2011 to 2018. Poisoning cases were selected from the Cohort, and the incidence of acetaminophen poisoning and the characteristics of the cases of acetaminophen poisoning were analyzed. The purchase path and the amount of ingestion in acetaminophen poisoning were sub-analyzed from data of six EDs. Results: Of 57,326 poisoning cases, 4.0% (2,272 cases) were acetaminophen poisoning. Of 2,272 cases of acetaminophen poisoning, 42.8% (974 cases) required in-patient care after ED management. Two hundred and sixty-four of these 964 cases required intensive care. The rates of cases that required in-patient treatment and the rates of cases that required intensive care increased from 29.4% in 2011 to 48.1% in 2018, and from 3.1% in 2011 to 15.2% in 2018, respectively (p<0.001, p<0.001). In the poisoning group with in-depth toxic surveillance (n=15,908), the incidence and proportion of acetaminophen (AAP) poisoning increased from 55 cases per year to 187 cases per year and 4.9% to 6.1%, respectively (p=0.009, p<0.001, respectively). The most common age group of acetaminophen poisoning was teenagers, which is different from the most common age group of other pharmaceutical agents: the middle age group of 40-49 years (p<0.001). Of 15,908 in-depth toxic surveillance patients, 693 patients had AAP poisoning, of whom 377 cases (54.2%) purchased acetaminophen from a non-pharmacy. The proportions of the purchase path from non-pharmacy were 41.4% at 2011-12 and 56.4% (2013-18) (p=0.004). The amount of acetaminophen ingestion was 13.5±14.3 g at 2011-12 and 13.9±15.1 g at 2013-18 (p=0.794). Conclusion: Although the incidence of acetaminophen poisoning did not increase remarkably in the short term after the implementation of the new regulation, the incidence of acetaminophen poisoning has increased slightly during the study period of 2017-18. In addition, the proportion of the purchase path from non-pharmacies has increased since the emergence of new regulations for the easy access of acetaminophen in 2012. The incidence of acetaminophen poisoning might have been affected after the increasing accessibility of acetaminophen in convenience stores. Continuous control of acetaminophen poisoning is required. Furthermore, the prevention of acetaminophen poisoning should be focused on teenagers with specialized school education programs.
한국 차문화 공간구성에 관한 기초연구 : 고문헌 분석에 의한 사적 고찰을 중심으로
이재근,현영조 상명대학교 산업과학연구소 2000 産業科學硏究 Vol.- No.9
Since long ago, koreans, along with Chinese, enjoyed tea, Koreans knew that the purpose of drinking tea to pursuit a way of humanly life. Tea culture can be comprehended into a composite art culture of' Charae', 'Dado' , and 'Dayeah'. Therefore, one can say that tea culture is the art of practicing 'Yedoye'. And we need space to perform 'Yedoye' , at this point. It should serve as a model for the new tea culture space in the midst of a modern era, which is sympathizing with tradition at odds . Realistically, the tea culture space 'Yedoye' should be the spiritual tradition which sympathizes with the modern era's artistic space.