가와사끼병에서 부신 안드로겐과 코티솔의 변화

리선희,유재홍,길홍량,Lee, Sun-Hee,Yu, Jae-Hong,Kil, Hong-Ryang 대한소아청소년과학회 2002 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.45 No.5

목 적 : 내분비계와 면역계는 상호 의존적이며 여기에는 부신의 역할 특히 dehydroepiandrosterone(DHEA)와 코티솔 사이의 균형이 중요한 것으로 알려져 있다. 이들은 T 세포 분화 과정 및 이와 관련된 인터루킨들의 유도작용에 길항 효과를 나타낸다. 따라서 저자들은 T 세포 면역 장애와 관련된 가와사끼병에서 부신 안드로겐과 코티솔의 역할을 평가하고자 하였다. 방 법: 2001년 4월부터 8월까지 가와사끼병으로 진단된 14명과 자가면역성질환의 병력이 없는 대조군을 대상으로 혈중 DHEAS와 24시간 동안 채집한 소변에서 유리 코티솔 농도를 방사면역측정법으로 검사하였다. 검체는 면역글로불린과 스테로이드를 투여하기 전에 채취하였으며, 가와사끼병의 임상적 중등도는 Harada 점수와 심초음파에 의한 심혈관계 병변을 근거로 하였다. 결 과 : 1) 환자군은 4개월에서 4세 사이로 평균 연령은 2.3세, 연령 분포는 1세 미만이 3명(21.4%), 1-2세 2명(14.3%), 2-3세 5명(35.7%), 3-4세 4명(28.6%)이었으며, 남녀 비는 1 : 1.3이었다. 2) DHEAS치는 환자군에서 $11.1{\pm}6.0{\mu}g/dL$, 대조군에서 $81.6{\pm}13.3{\mu}g/dL$로 환자군에서 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.05). 3) 24시간 소변 유리 코티솔(F)치는 환자군에서 $36.9{\pm}21.9{\mu}g/dL$, 대조군에서 $13.6{\pm}5.5{\mu}g/dL$로 환자군에서 유의하게 증가하였다(P<0.05). 4) DHEAS/F 비율은 환자군 $0.33{\pm}0.20$, 대조군 $6.65{\pm}2.56$으로 환자군에서 현저히 감소하였으나(P=0.016), 연령 및 성별에 따른 유의한 차이는 없었다. 5) 가와사끼병에서 임상적 중등도의 지표인 Harada 점수와 DHEAS/F 비율 사이에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았으나, 심혈관계 병변(관상동 맥류)이 발생하였던 환아에서 그 비율이 매우 낮았다. 결 론: 가와사끼병에서는 부신호르몬의 균형에 변화가 발생하며, 이것이 가와사끼병의 병인인 T 세포 면역장애와 관련이 있을 것으로 생각되며, 또한 관상 동맥 합병증의 예측인자의 하나로서 DHEAS/F 비율을 이용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : Endocrine and immune systems are connected and interdependent. Adrenal glands play an important role in this network and control the balance between serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate(DHEAS) and cortisol. These steroids have an antagonistic effect on the T cell progression into Th1 and Th2 cells and on the induction of correlated interleukins. Therefore we evaluated the role of adrenal androgen and cortisol as immune modulators in Kawasaki disease( KD) with changes of T cell immunity. Methods : From April to August in 2001, we examined serum DHEAS and 24 hour urine free cortisol(F) before administration of immunoglobulin and steroids by radioimmunoassay in 14 KD patients. It's clinical severity was determined by Harada score and coronary lesion. Results : The age of the patient group ranged from 4 months to 4 years; its average age was 2.3 years. Three patients(21.4%) were below 1 year, 2(14.3%) between 1 and 2 years, 5(35.7%) between 2 and 3 years, 4(28.6%) between 3 and 4 years of age. Male to female ratio was 1:1.3. DHEAS was significantly decreased in patients($11.1{\pm}6.0{\mu}g/dL$) more than controls($81.6{\pm}13.3{\mu}g/dL$)(P<0.05). Twenty-four hour urine free cortisol was significantly increased in patients($36.9{\pm}21.9{\mu}g/dL$) more than controls($13.6{\pm}5.5{\mu}g/dL$)(P<0.05). Ratio of DHEAS/F was decreased remarkably in patients($0.33{\pm}0.20$) more than controls($6.65{\pm}2.56$)(P=0.016). There was no difference between ratio of DHEAS/F and Harada score, but its ratio was very low in patients with coronary aneurysm. Conclusion : These data demonstrate that there are changes of DHEAS and cortisol in acute stage of KD and the dis-equilibrium between two steroids may be relevant in the T cell immune response induction of Kawasaki disease. These changes support the use of DHEAS/F ratio as one of the predictive factors of coronary arteries complication.

소아 그레이브스병에서 부신호르몬 및 IgE의 변화

리선희,이훈영,유재홍 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1

Graves' disease is a autoimmune thyroid disease. In pathogenesis of Graves' disease, T cell is known as that helps production of thyroid autoantibodies. Endocrine and immune systems are connected and interdependent. Adrenal gland plays an important role in this network and control the balance between serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate(DHEAS) and cortisol. The authors evaluated the change of adrenal androgen, cortisol and immunoglobulin E as immune modulators in Graves' disease. From March, 1999 to August, 2002, Serum DHEAS, 24 hour urine free cortisol(F) and IgE and thyroid autoantibodies(TsAb, TBII, AMA, ATA) examined in 22 Graves' patients Serum IgE increased in 41.2% of all patients(97.41±99.07IU/mL). DHEAS was increased in only 5.5% of all patients, and it was decreased or included in normal range in 94.5% of patients(99.3±91.49μg/dL). DHEAS was correlated with ATA(r=0.517).Twenty-four hour urine free cortisol was increased in 72.2% of patients(64.45±47.59μg/dL), but it had no interrelationship with thyroid autoantibodies. Ratio of DHEAS/F had 2.08±2.06, and it had negative correlation with TsAb and TBII, respectively(r=-0.487, r=-0.565). These data demonstrate that there are change of adrenal hormones(DHEAS and cortisol) and IgE, and dis-equilibrium between two adrenal hormones in children with Graves' disease, and Thse might be some relevant to the T cell immune response induction of Graves' disease.

[중학생의 벗/45분간에 쓴 작문]《꿀꿀이》저금통

리선희 길림성민족사무위원회 1992 중국조선어문 Vol.58 No.-

韓國人日本語學習者のEメ一ルに おける依賴行動 -日韓兩言語話者との比較を通して-

李善姬,金周衍 한국일본어문학회 2016 日本語文學 Vol.69 No.-

본 논문에서는 일본어모어화자, 한국어모어화자, 한국인일본어학습자의 이메일에 나타난 의뢰행동(request)에 대하여 고찰하였다. 먼저, 일본어모어화자와 한국어모어화자가 지도교수에게 교환유학에 필요한 추천서를 의뢰하기 위하여 작성한 이메일을 담화구조와 의미공식의 관점에서 비교하였다. 그 결과, 양 언어화자가 작성한 의뢰의 이메일은 <건명>, <개시부>, <전개부>, <종료부>로 구성되어 있다는 점에서 공통적이다. 그러나, 의미공식의 사용에는 커다란 차이가 있었다. 다음으로, 한국인일본어학습자가 일본어로 작성한 추천서 의뢰메일을 일본어모어화자의 이메일과 비교하였다. 그 결과, 학습자가 작성한 추천서 의뢰메일에는 일본어모어화자가 사용하지 않은 의미공식이 다수 포함되어 있었다. This study conducted research on requests that appeared in the e-mails of native Japanese speakers, native Korean speakers, and Korean learners of Japanese. First, e-mails written by the two groups of native speakers were compared in which their advisor was asked for a recommendation letter required for a student exchange program from the perspective of discourse structure and semantic formula. The result was that the written e-mails of both groups had similarities in that they were composed of a title, an opening, a main and a closing part. However, there was a huge difference in the usage of semantic formula. Next, e-mails written in Japanese by the Korean learners in which a recommendation paper was requested were compared with those of native Japanese speakers. As a result, it was found that the former (Korean learners of Japanese) included many semantic formulas that were not used by the latter.

가와사끼병에서 부신 안드로겐과 코티솔의 변화충남

리선희,유재홍,길홍량 대한소아청소년과학회 2002 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.45 No.5

開化期 歷史傳記類 小考

李善熙 성심어문학회 1983 성심어문논집 Vol.7 No.-

중국 청동기 한자 의미 분석 ― 鼎(정), 尊(준), 鑑(감)을 중심으로

李善熙 ( Lee Sunhee ),趙成德 ( Cho Sungduk ) 중국어문연구회 2024 中國語文論叢 Vol.- No.116

This study delves into the evolution of meanings associated with the Chinese characters 鼎(Ding), 尊(Zun), and 鑒(Jian), which represent bronze tools. Originally signifying the significance of ritual ceremonies in Chinese civilization, these characters gradually expanded their meanings from denoting ceremonial tools to encompassing related concepts as language evolved. The character 鼎, as examined in this study, initially referred to a cauldron but later extended its meanings to symbolize royal authority and power in the context of Chinese history, acquiring abstract associations. 尊, originating from ceremonial tools dedicated to deities, symbolizes high value, conveying meanings such as elevated status and respect. Consequently, in contemporary Chinese, it carries the fundamental meaning of elevated status or hierarchy. Conversely, 鑒evolved from a vessel for holding water to encompass meanings related to water surfaces, reflection, and mirrors. In contemporary Chinese, it predominantly signifies a mirror. The meaning of serving as a model or example developed through its functional similarity, as mirrors and water surfaces can both reflect actions. Through this research, it becomes evident that the semantic development of Chinese characters, particularly those representing ceremonial tools within the category of bronze tools, is deeply intertwined with the cultural and historical context of ancient China.

한중 공간형용사의 의미 확장 대조 연구:“宽/넓다, 窄/좁다”를 중심으로

이선희(Lee, Sun-hee)(李善熙) 대한중국학회 2021 중국학 Vol.74 No.-

본 연구는 한중 공간형용사 중 “宽/넓다, 窄/좁다”를 대상으로 의미 확장 양상을 살펴보고 인지언어학의 영상도식과 개념적 은유 이론을 바탕으로 그 기제에 대해 분석하였다. 이를 위해 먼저 사전 기술 양상을 살펴 기본의미 및 확장의미에 대한 개념을 확립하고, 다음으로 말뭉치 분석을 통해 실제 언어 생활에서 나타나는 다양한 용례를 제시하여 어떻게 활용되고 있는지 범주에 따라 체계화하였다. 이를 통해 한중 언어 화자의 공간인지에 대한 보편성을 찾을 수 있으며, 동시에 의미 확장의 기반을 살펴봄으로써 개별 언어의 특성을 밝혔다. This study investigated the semantic expansion patterns of Korean and Chinese spatial adjectives, “넓은/宽 (meaning “wide” in Korean/Chinese, respectively) and 좁은/窄 (narrow),” and analyzed the mechanism based on the theory of cognitive linguistics. To this end, this study established the concept of basic and expanded meaning by examining semantic descriptions in dictionaries, presented various examples used in real life by analyzing corpora, and categorized the usage. The results are as follows: First, the basic meaning of both “넓은/宽 and 좁은/窄” represents “width” in three aspects of wideness, area, and hole and gap, depending on the spatial characteristics. Second, “넓은/宽 and 좁은/窄” have semantic expansion in a range of areas; in particular, semantic expansion representing the categories of abstract areas was most active. In addition, more diverse patterns of semantic expansion appeared in Chinese since 宽/窄 cause semantic expansion in the form of compound words with component morphemes. In terms of parts of speech, the words are used only as adjectives in Korean, while they act as adjectives, verbs, and nouns as well in Chinese. Third, conceptual metaphors and image schemas serve as the main mechanisms for semantic expansion, which are closely related to repeated physical experiences. Fourth, both Korean and Chinese showed a difference in the semantic opposition of “넓은/좁은and 宽/窄,” which is because the first components of the opposite words, 넓은 and 宽, are selected as positive factors.

한중 미각어 ‘쓰다’, ‘苦’계열 어휘의 의미 확장 및 개념화 양상 대조 연구

이선희(Lee, Sun-Hee)(李善熙) 대한중국학회 2019 중국학 Vol.68 No.-

The objectives of the study were to examine the meaning extension aimed at taste terms of Korean-Chinese “Bitter”(쓰다) and “Bitter/Ku”(苦) - series words, and its aspect of conceptualization. Primarily, semantic categories described in the dictionary were compared, and based on this, through the analysis of the corpus data, the plentiful expression patterns used in actual language life were classified as the sense of taste, sight, smell, and hearing, emotion and attitude, work and happenings, people, weather areas, and etcetera. Furthermore, on the process of constructing the meaning of these vocabularies, the blended space and the emergent structure of each meaning were described via using the conceptual blending theory that is the fundamental of cognitive linguistics field described by Fauconnier & Turner (1997) The process of the meaning extension of those words is very closely related to physical experience, and the experience of our negative feelings about bitterness has mostly shown negative values in terms of an aspect of the meaning extension as well. In this manner, the meaning extension of the vocabulary is based on human experience, and also found out about existence of respective distinct characteristics due to the cultural difference in respective languages. 본고는 한중 미각어 ‘쓰다’, ‘苦’ 계열 어휘를 대상으로 의미 확장 및 개념화 양상에 대해 살펴보는데 목적이 있다. 1차적으로는 사전에 기술된 의미 항목을 대조하고 이를 바탕으로 말뭉치 자료 분석을 통하여 실제 언어생활에서 사용되는 풍성한 표현 양상을 미각, 후각, 시각, 청각, 감정 및 태도, 일·사건, 사람, 날씨 영역 등으로 분류하였다. 더 나아가 이러한 어휘의 의미 구성 과정에 대해 Fauconnier & Turner(1997)에서 제시된 인지언어학의 핵심이론인 개념적 혼성 이론을 이용하여 각 의미의 혼성공간 및 발현구조에 대해 묘사하였다. 이러한 어휘의 의미 확장 과정은 신체적 경험과 매우 밀접한 관계를 맺고 있는데 쓴맛에 대한 우리의 부정적 느낌에 대한 경험이 의미 확장 양상에서도 대부분 부정적 가치로 나타났다. 이처럼 어휘의 의미 확장은 인간의 체험에 근거하며, 또한 개별 언어의 문화적 차이로 인하여 서로 다른 특수성이 존재함을 밝혔다.

갑상선기능저하증을 동반한 티록신 결합글로불린 결핍증 1례

이동철,리선희,유재홍,Lee, Dong-Chul,Lee, Sun-Hee,Yu, Jae-Hong 대한소아청소년과학회 2002 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.45 No.6

티록신 결합글로불린 결핍증은 대부분 갑상선기능저하증을 동반하지 않으므로 갑상선 호르몬 보충 요법이 필요 없으나 드문 예에서 유리 티록신 농도가 정상치 보다 낮게 유지되고, 중추 신경계에 대한 갑상선 호르몬의 부족에 의해 갑상선 자극호르몬이 정상치 보다 증가하는 경우가 있다. 이런 경우는 티록신 결합글로불린의 결핍 정도가 갑상선기능저하증을 유발할 수 있을 정도로 갑상선 호르몬의 이동과 갑상선 밖의 호르몬 저장에 영향을 주는 것이므로 갑상선호르몬의 보충요법이 필요하게 된다. 저자들은 갑상선기능저하증을 동반하여 갑상선 호르몬의 투여가 필요한 중증의 티록신 결합글로불린 결핍증 1례를 보고하는 바이다. A child diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism after newborn screening and follow up thyroid function test at 1 month of life in another general hospital demonstrated euthyroid state with thyroxine( $T_4$) supplementation until the age of 22 months of life, when he was transferred to our hospital, where he was diagnosed as thyroxine binding globulin(TBG) deficiency with low $T_4$ and TBG. Withdrawal of $T_4$ at age of 26 months was associated with hyperthyrotropinemic hypothyroidism. This patient is a case of TBG deficiency associated with hypothyroidism, and in rare instances, TBG deficiency may lead to hypothyroidism requiring hormone supplementation.