東學의 民族敎育運動 : 崔海月을 中心으로

崔武錫 한국교육철학회 1983 교육철학 Vol.4 No.-

朱熹의 敬思想에 대한 一硏究

최무석,손정호 한국교육철학회 2001 교육철학 Vol.19 No.-

Ju-Hui(1130-1200) paved another new way for Confucianism in the 12th century, which is called Neo-Confuncianism. Neo-Confucianism is also called SeongRi-hak(性里學), as it made a study of Li(理), the substance of the universe, and Seong(性), the substance of human beings. Ju-Hui saw a perfect character and moral society as the goal of education, and his educational method is based on Geogyeong-gungri(居敬窮理). Geogyeong(居敬) means Jonyang-seongchal(存養省察) and Gungri(窮理) means Gyeokmul-chiji(格物致知). The former is a mental area to improve one's mind, and the latter is an academic area to learn the truth. Gyeong(敬) is the basis of every goodness to defeat every evil. And Gyeong(敬) has one feel at ease and relax. When people pay respect to others in daily living, they could always feel good. One could enjoy a peace of mind by being respectful to others and then could be free from selfishness and greed. As Geogyeong is so profound, one should pursue and follow it from the beginning to the end when studying the truth. Self-training should be done based on Gyeong, and an effort to have one's juniors and the people feel comfortable also should be based on Gyeong. The Geogyeong is a method of moral training and education. The features of Gyeong can be listed as below : first, it is concentrating one's attention on a single thing only, not diverging it to other things. Gyeong is a sort of psychological state and a mental attention. This belongs to Jeonggyeong(靜敬), in which Jeongjwa(靜坐) exists. Second, Gyeong is Jeongje-eomsuk(整齊嚴肅), which means not to do rash and thoughtless action. This belongs to Donggyeong(動敬). This is a self-reflection against idleness and self-indulgence. Third, Gyeong is being mentally awakened, which implies keeping mental awakening, calmness and clearness. Fourth, Gyeong is training oneself to give up greed and desire. If people concentrate their attention on a single thing, their mind isn't disturbed by other things, with no desire in it. This doesn't allow them to have any slightest desire. Fifth, Gyeong is standing in fear, as if the Heaven, parents and teachers look at us from above. So this refers to being always reasonable. Sixth, Gywong is self-examination. It must be consistently done. When there's nothing to do, one should be careful not to be loose, and in case doing something, one should be careful not to behave improperly. That is, reflecting on oneself in everyday life is the very Gyeong. Ju-Hui emphasized that one should be upright internally by Gyeong(敬) and externally by Eui(義).

東學의 道德敎育 哲學

최무석 慶尙大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.26 No.2

This study, based on 特天主, the thought that Heaven lies in human beings, aims t surveying not only the purpose, the contents, and the method of moral education in Donghak but also the concept of morality and the assumption of moral education in Donghak. The purpose of moral education in Donghak is to build autonomous character and an earthly paradise based on 道成德立,which means to cultivate moral sense and form charater; the contents of moral education in Donghak involve establishing ehic views of worshiping heaven, men, and things by realizing that human beings are by nature beings with supernatural mind; the method of moral education in Donghak is to help to from autonomous character by practicing asceticing asceticism, not by cramming virtue for realizing of moral education. Philosophy of moral education in Donghak has its basts on the thoughts of 特天主 and its main concern lies in helping to build autonomous character.

「人乃天」 思想의 敎育的 考察

김병길,최무석 慶尙大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.23 No.2

This study aims to examine, from educational viewpoint, 'Inaechun' thought which can be considered as the core of Donghak. We can interpret Innaechun to mean that a human being is heaven but find its educational significance in the interpretation that a human being is a being who has a possibility of heaven. So this study specified the meaning of Innaechun and the characteristics of Innaechun thought. We could also find the educational significance of Innaechun thought in self-knowledge, respect for man, and application of Innaechun to everybody and examine the way for cultivating Innaechun in the way of education for humanization.

주역의 생명적 자연관에 나타난 교육원리

최무석,박근생 한국교육철학회 2001 교육철학 Vol.19 No.-

It is time we should find a new educational idea which can provide us with a comprehensive answer about "What should we educate a person for?" as an essential question. In this viewpoint, We can induce an educational idea in a Oriental traditional thought - the thought of I-ching. The main idea of I-ching is the relationship between man and nature. In the examination of the process of this study. We know that the nature of the thought of I-ching has a characteristic in "Live nature". Thus We can say that the thought of I-ching's main topic idea is about the essential of nature-especially live nature. In this respect a new educational idea can be found in the thought of I-Ching. The concrete educational ideas as educational principles can be presented by the view of live nature in the thought of I-ching. 1) The principle of life-keeping. In the thought of I-Ching, man and nature exist in the processing of life-keeping. Thus educational idea should be found in the acknowledgement of life keeping which lead us to the cooperation and treatment of others. An educational idea should be cooperated and treated by the acknowledegement of life-keeping. That is in the interrelationship of Yin-Yang(陰陽). By this principle of education will guaranteed a whole harmonizing life. 2) The principle of change. The original meaning of I-ching is a change. The comprehension of it is needed to the creative acknowledgement. This relationship of harmonizing and individuality aims at the ultimate purpose of change. It disclose the truth of Tao(道) in Chun-Chi(天地). Tao(道) demand a good as moral value from Chun-Chi(天地). Thus the circumstance and value of education should be considered by this thought of change - the principle of change. An educational idea should be based on the creating nature awakening that is in the property of change in nature. By this principle, education will accept a change. 3) The principle of morality. An ontological morality - a good acknowledgement of all situation being the loving all things in the universe. This is the method of a perfect actualization an human nature. This idea and thought should be worked in the direction and criteria of education. An educational idea should be confirmed by a moralistic traits in a live nature. By this principle education will actualize morality. 4) The principle of relationship. The relation of man and nature is not two but one. A nature has the feeling of living thing. All nature and I are one body. They are in the interaction of man and nature. As I love my body, as all nature. An educational idea can make us overcome the feeling of individual isolation. By this principle of education will harmonize and reconcile in man and nature. 5) The principle of value-directing. In the thought of I-Ching, a value-directing is in the thought that as a nature work, as I. It is in the condition that 'be' and 'should be' are same. This principle should be had effect on nature, life and education. An educational idea should be intended to actualize meaningful value. By this principle education will head for morality, liveliness and perpetuity.

Cyclosporin A Enhances Cardiac Differentiation by Inhibiting Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Human Embryonic Stem Cells

최무석,여한철,염재범,최승학,최원영,김소진,오승택,한호재,백경민,김중선,임경섭,장우철,이민영 한국생물공학회 2021 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.26 No.5

Efficient cardiac differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is essential for their use in the field of basic research as well as in cell-based therapy. Regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a key step in the process of cardiac differentiation of hPSCs. In this study, we reported cyclosporin A (CsA), a strong immunosuppressor, as an inducer of cardiac differentiation in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Our results showed that CsA promoted cardiac differentiation in the mesodermal differentiation stage of hESCs and that this effect was mediated by the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Therefore, our results provide novel information about CsA as a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor as well as a strategy for the cardiac differentiation of hESCs.

“원불교와 인격교육”에 대한 논평

최무석 한국종교교육학회 1996 宗敎敎育學硏究 Vol.2 No.-

일본 고소데(小袖)에 나타난 이키(粋)의 복식미에 관한 연구

최무석 한국일러스아트학회 2023 조형미디어학 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구는 일본 전통 미의식인 이키(粋)를 통해 고소데(小袖)에 나타난 복식미를 살펴보는 것이다. 연구의 범위는 가세이(化政)문화부터 메이지시대(明治時代) 전까지 하였고, 연구 방법으로는 문헌연구와 선행연구를 병행하였다. 일본의 잦은 비와 지진 그리고 에도 대지진으로 인한 수많은 인명피해는 많은 사람들에게 사후세계에 대한 관심과 함께 인생 덧없음을 깨닫게 되었고, 한편 하극상이라는 정치 세계는 서민문화가 발전하는 계기가 되었다. 이러한 특성은 이키라는 독특한 미의식이 만들어졌으며 복식에까지 영향을 미치게 되었다. This study examines the beauty of the costumes that appeared in Kosode through Iki, a traditional Japanese aesthetic consciousness. The scope of research ranged from Gasei culture to the Meiji period, and literature research and prior research were conducted in parallel as a research method. In Japan, the culture of the common people has developed due to the politics that the numerous casualties caused by frequent rains and earthquakes are due to the interest in the afterlife and the negative side. This characteristic created a unique aesthetic consciousness called Iki and influenced the costumes.

Augustine's method로 담지된 촉매와 효소를 이용한 1-phenylethanol의 Dynamic Kinetic Resolution의 반응특성 연구

최무석,임준섭,김가영,박융호 한국공업화학회 2009 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2009 No.1

정산종사의 교육사상

최무석 원광대학교 원불교사상연구원 1998 원불교사상과 종교문화 Vol.22 No.-