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윤승락(Seung-Lak Yoon) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2017 펄프.종이技術 Vol.49 No.6
This study was performed to investigate the contents, size and quality of the leaflets to use as basic data for the production and promotion of architectural and interior leaflets distributed in newspapers. The distribution volume of architectural and interior leaflets was about 14-17% for the total number of leaflets and 21-27% for the weight. The size of the architectural and interior leaflets was 9 kinds of 4 jeolji, 8 jeolji, 16 jeolji, A3, A4, A5, B3, B4, B5. 4 jeolji and 8 jeolji leaflets account for about 88-89%. Quarterly distributions were higher in the second half than in the first half, and the most in the second quarter. The tensile index was about 50-64 N·m/g, and the tensile index of the interior leaflet was higher than the construction leaflet. However, there was no significant difference in the tensile index of leaflets by size and publicity contents.
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윤승락(Seung-Lak Yoon) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2018 펄프.종이기술 Vol.50 No.5
In order to analyze the distribution trends of leaflets in newspapers, the relationship between the number of leaflets and the consumer price index was examined according to year and category of business. The distribution volume of leaflets has been decreased every year. On 2017, it is estimated to have decreased by 46% compared to 2013 and will continue to decrease in the future. Distribution of large size leaflets has been decreasing every year. The leaflets that are widely distributed are A4 and A8 sizes. The major distribution period of leaflets was the second quarter (April-June), where consumption and activity are active. The amount of leaflets has been decreasing year by year. Large stores, and the business of electronics, education, and clothing showed a high consumption tendency of leaflets. The industry of food and beverage showed the slight decrease on the consumption of leaflets, and the construction, automobiles and other leaflets were distributed constantly every year. There may be various reasons on the decrease of leaflets. They include the development of information technology and other public relations media replacing the role of leaflets, the change of advertisement methods, or the business situation getting worse.
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펄프 叩解科程中 發生되는 微細纖維의 構造(I) : 針葉樹 펄프 Softwood Pulp
尹承洛,金在慶,金思翼,趙鍾洙 진주산업대학교 1998 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.5
펄프 고해과정중 발생되는 微細織維를 究明하기 위하여 시간별로 TMP, KP를 고해하여 濾水度 변화, 微細織維발생량 및 형태에 대하여 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1.고해시간이 길어지면 濾水度, 微細織維 발생량은 증가되고, 섬유의 朶軟性 차이로 KP보다 TMP가 높았다. 2.고해에 의해 발생되는 微細織維는 절단된 朶細胞 破片과 細胞壁 2次壁의 마이크로휘브릴이다. 3.TMP, KP에서 발생된 微細細胞의 종류는 同하지만, 형태에서는 差異點을 보이고 있다. 印解가 진행되면 朶細胞는 小片化되고, 마이크로휘브릴은 切斷, 細分化된다. 4.印解初期에 발생된 微細織維는 1, 2次壁이 共存하지만, 印解가 더 진행되면, 1, 2次壁이 分離되었다. The freeness variation, the fine fibers occurrence and type were examined to investigate characteristics of fine fibers produced by beating during TMP(Thermomechanical Pulp) and KP(Kraft Pulp)processes. According to increased the beating time, the freeness and the fine fibers occurrence were gradually increased, and TMP showed higher freeness and occurrence than KP due to the difference on fiber softness. In addition, the fine fibers produced by beating were generally cut parenchyma cell and microfibrils of secondary wall. The kindness of fine fibers produced by TMP and KP processes were similar, but the types were different. At initial stage of besting, the primary and secondary walls of fine were coexisted. but as the beating was more processed, those primary and secondary walls were separated each other.
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윤승락 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이技術 Vol.38 No.1
To investigate fiber orientation of Korean traditional paper, Hanji, the fiber arrangements on the surface and cross section of Hanji were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The surface observation showed that the fibers of traditional paper were arranged in vertical and horizontal directions, and those of ssangbal sheet forming were arranged more in vertical direction. The fibers of machine made Hanji and copying paper were usually arranged in vertical direction. As for the observation of cross section of traditional paper, fibers arranged in horizontal direction tended to be increased with the increase of thicknesses. The thick traditional paper have cracks in the middle part of structural section of paper. They were larger in cross section in horizontal direction than in vertical direction. The horizontal arrangement of traditional paper seemed to be about 8% to 14% higher to the vertical arrangement, which is very lower to other papers.
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尹承洛,金在慶 진주산업대학교 환경문제연구소 1998 環境硏究論文集 Vol.2 No.-
추출조작중 알칼리용액 추출이 물에 의한 추출보다 탈리그닌, 강도적 성질이 우수하다는 원인을 구명하기 위하여 자외선 현미경을 이용하여 섬유벽내의 리그닌 분포 및 탈리그닌 정도를 관찰한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 물과 1% NaOH 용액에 의한 추출처리에서 용액에 따라 탈리그닌 영역이 다르다. 2. 오존에 의해 산화 분해된 섬유내 리그닌의 용출은 물보다 1% NaOH 용액이 효과적이었다. 이런 이유로 물에 의한 추출보다 1% NaOH 용액으로 추출한 펄프의 강도적 특성이 우수하다. 3. 고온(70℃)에서 추출처리를 행하면 섬유표면과 루멘측의 리그닌이 동시에 용출된다. 섬유로 부터의 리그닌 용출은 실온보다 고온에서 처리하는 것이 효과적이다. In order to evaluate the delignification in cell wall by alkali extraction treatment after ozonation, the lignin distribution and delignification degree was determined by UV microscope. The delignification area was differentiated depending on extractants such as water or 1% NaOH. The content of oxidized gushing out lignin in fiber was higher by 1% NaOH extraction than by water, therefore, the strength properties of pulp extracted with 1% NaOH was better. When the extraction treatment was carried out at high temperature(70℃), the lignin was simultaneously gushed out in the surface of fiber and lumen, therefore the treatment at high temperature was preferred for the purpose of lignin gushing out from fiber.
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펄프 고해과정중 발생되는 미세섬유의 구조(II) : 활엽수 펄프 Hardwood pulp
윤승락,김재경,김사익,조종수,노정관 진주산업대학교 2000 산업과학기술연구소보 Vol.- No.7
Freeness occurrence and types of deciduous fine fibers depending on beating time were examined to evaluate morphological characteristics of fine fibers produced by beating of Kraft pulp(KP) processes. The results were as foltows; As the beating time was increased, freeness and occurrence of fine fibers were gradually increased. The fibrillation of fiber was started at 20 minutes(22˚ SR) after beating, and the cell wall was destroyed or cut after 70 minutes(67˚ SR). Fine fibers produced during beating were composed of microfibrils from wood fibers, fragments caused by vessel destruction, and parenchyma cells. At initial stage of beating, the primary and secondary walls of fine fibers were coexisted, but as the beating was more processed, fine fibers which were composed of secondary wall were increased, indicating of destruction of secondary cell wall. The morphological change of parenchyma cell was not occurred by beating.
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