Holstein종 乳牛의 泌乳量 및 乳助成分에 미치는 遺傳 및 環境의 效果

尙炳贊,徐吉雄 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1994 농업과학연구 Vol.21 No.1

This, study was conducted to estimate the genetic and environmental effects on lactation yield and milk compositions in Holstein cows. The data analysis were the records of 159 cows rearing at Nation Animal Breeding Institute from 1990 to 1991. The least square means were estimated on milk and fat yield in lactation yield, and the percent of fat, protein, solids-not-fat and total solid in milk composition. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The average yield of milk and fat in 305 days were 7,026.56 ± 1,357.24 and 254.65±44.94 Kg, and the percent of fat. protein. solids-not-fat and total solid were 3.69±0.43, 3.32±0.41, 9.15±0.49 and 12.75±0.96, and the coefficients of variation were 18.68, 17.64, 11.88 and 12.34% for milk yield, fat yield, fat percent and protein percent, respectively. 2. The effect of sires was highly significant at 1% level in milk and fat yield and fat percent, and significant at 5% level in protein and total solid percent. Among the sires. B, L and O sire were superior in milk yield with 7,571.22, 7,499.11 and 7,420.58 Kg, and A, F and K sire were superior in protein percent with 3.75. 3.64 and 3.65. respectively. 3. The effect, of parity was highly significant at 1% level in milk yield, and significant at 5% level in fat yield. Among the parities, the 3rd parity was superior in milk and fat yield with 7,634.54 and 274.98 Kg, and the 4th and over was superior in fat and protein percent with 3.90 and 3.50, respectively. 4. The effect of calving seasons was highly significant at 1% level in milk yield, and significant at 5% level in fat yield, and the percent of fat. protein and total solid. Among the calving seasons. spring and winter were superior in milk yield with 7,310.31 and 7,364.57 Kg, also spring and winter were superior in protein percent with 3.68 arid 3.52,respectively.

돼지의 이유 후 형질에 대한 유전력 및 유전상관 추정

상병찬,안병석,박무균,박태진,강만석,이정규,지설하 ( B . C . Sang,B . S . Ann,M . K . Park,T . J . Park,M . S . Kang,J . G . Lee,S . H . Chee ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.6

This study was conducted to estimate the heritabilities and genetic correlations among postweaning traits in swine. The heritabilities estimated were 0.270 for daily gain, 0.350 for feed requirement, 0.272 for backfat thickness, 0.887 for days to 90㎏ and 0.565 for selection index. The genetic correlations of daily gain with feed requirement, backfat thickness, days to 90㎏ and selection index were -0.552, 0.107, -0.903, 0.716, and feed requirement with backfat thickness, days to 90㎏ and selection index were -0.058, 0.099, -0.942, and backfat thickness with days to 90㎏ and selection index were -0.237, -0.025, respectively.

Holstein種 乳牛의 乳蛋白質의 遺傳的多型과 乳組成分間의 연관성

尙炳贊,李祖奫,崔宗祐,成昌根 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1993 농업과학연구 Vol.20 No.1

To applying of genetic markers of milk proteins as dairy cow registration and selection aids for genetic improvement. genopypes controlling the 4 milk protein loci. αSl.-casein (αS1-CN), β-casein(β-CM), κ-casein(κ-CN), and β-lactoglobulin(β-LG), from a total of 159 Holstein lactating cows reared at National Animal Breeding Station in 1992 were detected by polyacrylamide gel(PAGE) electrophoresis, and associations between genetic polymorphisms of milk proteins and milk compositions were analyzed. The observed distribution of phenotypes for αS₁-CN, β-CN, κ-CN and β-LG were agreement with those expected under the assumption of genetic equilibrium. The observed genotypic frequencies of the αS1-CN BB, β-CN AA, κ-CN AA and β-LG AB genotypes were founded to be very high as 79.87%, 84.28%. 71.70% and 49.10%, respectively. Gene frequencies were 0.899 and 0.101. for αS1-CN^B and αS1-CN^C, 0.921 and 0.079 for β-CN^A and β-CN^B, 0.837 and 0.163 for κ-CN^A and κ-CN^B, 0.378 and 0.622 for β-LG^A and β-CN^B. According to the results of analysis of variance. the genotypes of the αS1-CN, β-CN, κ-CN and β-LG were significantly difference for fat, protein and total solid percentage in milk compositions. On milk compositions. the κ-CN BB genotype was very high fat and protein percentage more than κ-CN AA and AB genotypes, and β-LG AA genotype was very high fat percentage more than β-LG AB and BB genotype at 5% level of significant difference, respectively. As a consequence, the fat and protein percentage may be improved to select to κ-CN BB and β-LG AA genotypes.

육용종계의 사양관리

상병찬 대한양계협회 1981 월간 양계 Vol.13 No.9

닭의 인공수정율 향상방안

상병찬 대한양계협회 1979 월간 양계 Vol.11 No.12

산란계의 육성기 제한급사

상병찬 대한양계협회 1978 월간 양계 Vol.10 No.9

난용종계의 난질의 유전력 및 유전상관에 관한 연구

상병찬,한성욱,오봉국,정선부 ( B . C . Sang,S . W . Han,B . K . Ohh,S . B . Chung ) 한국축산학회 1983 한국축산학회지 Vol.25 No.5

This study was conducted to improve the interior egg quality with a total of 6,093 eggs, laid at 351 Single Comb White Leghorns and 326 Rhode Island Reds, produced at National Livestock Breeding Station from March 1, 1979 through July 30, 1980. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The average albumen height of the eggs at first eggs, 300 and 500 days of age was 8.32, 7.51 and 6.74㎜ in the S.C.W. Leghorn and 8.04, 6.94 and 6.05㎜ in the R.L.Red, and the Haugh units at first egg, 300 and S00 days of age was 90.92, 79.74 and 76.25 in the S.C.W. Leghorn, and 88.54, 80.02 and 74.56 in the R.I. Red, also the egg shell thickness at first egg, 300 and 500 days of age was 0.383, (1.364 and 0.334㎜ in the S.C.W. Leghorn and 0.354, 0.332 and 0.327 in the R.I. Red. 2. The heritability estimates in the S.C.W. Leghorn and R.I. Red were 0.398∼0.847 and 0.306∼0.634 for albumen height, 0.162∼0.594 and 0.125∼0.485 for Haugh units, 0.185-0.339 and 0.176∼0.402 for egg shell thickness, respectively. 3. The genetic correlation coefficients between the interior egg qualities were as follows. In the S.C.W. Leghorn and R.I. Red, the coefficients between albumen height and Haugh units, 0.432∼0.845 arid 0.397∼0.974; between albumen height and egg shell thickness, 0.046∼0.226 and 0.068∼0.197; between Haugh units and egg shell thickness, 0.089∼0.364 and 0.165∼0.327 ; respectively.

난용계의 주요경제형질에 대한 유전력 및 유전상관

상병찬,한성욱,정선부 한국가금학회 1989 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.16 No.2

This study was conducted to estimate heritabilities, genetic and phenotypic correlations on economic traits in layers. The data analysis were the records of 351 pullets in S. C. W. Leghorn and 326 pullets in R. I. Red from March 1, 1980 to July 31.1981. The results obtained are summarized as follows:1 The average body weights at the first egg, 300 and 500 days of age were 1, 409, 1, 602 and 1, 709g S. C. W. Leghorn, and 1, 965, 2, 305, and 2, 479g in the R. I. Red, respectively. The age at first egg of the S. C. W, Leghorn and R. I. Red were 156 days and 163 days, respectively. The number of egg produced by the S. C. W. Leghorn and R. I. Red to 300 days and 500 days of age were 101.18, 214.39, and 101.05, 214.93, respectively. The egg weight at first egg, 300 and 500 days of age were 41.93, 57.65 and 60.33g in the S. C. W. Leghorn and 41.52, 57.62 and 60.57g in the R. I. Red, respectively. 2. The heritability estimates based on the variance of sire and dam components were 0.402-0.612 and 0.275-0.458 in the S. C. W. Leghorn, 0.309-0.523 and 0.134-0.380 in R. I. Red for body weight; 0.167 and 0.139 in the 5. C. W. Leghorn, 0.169 and 0.095 in the R.1. Red for age at first egg:0.214-0.139 and 0.336-0.341 in S. C. W Leghorn, 0.137-0.259 and 0.024-0.102 in the R. I. Red for number of egg production; 0.537-0.769 and 0.374-0.686 in the S. C. W. Leghorn, 0.519-0.631 and 0.116-0.365 in the R. I. Red for egg weight, respectively. 3. The genetic correlation coefficients of economic traits were as follows: In the S. C. W. Leghorn and R. I. Red , the coefficients between body weights and age at the first egg, 0.328-0.426 and 0.186-0.244:between body weights and number of egg production, -0.666--0.498 and -0.452--0.073:between body weight and egg weight, 0.384-0.774 and 0.126-0.612; between age at first egg and number of egg production, -0.639--0.452 and -0.754--0.320; between age at first egg and egg weight, 0.475-0.705 and 0.021-0.605; between number of egg production and egg weight, -0.623--0.355 and -0.861--0.327, respectively. 본 연구는 산란계의 개량을위한 주요 경제형질에 대한 유전력과 유전상관을 추정하고자 1980년 3월 1일부터 1981년 7월 31일까지 사육 되어온 S.C.W. Leghorn종 351수와 R. 1. Red종 326수에서 조사된 주요 경제형질에 대한 자료로서 얻어진 결과들을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 체중은 S.C.W. Leghorn종과 R. I. Red종에서 각각 초산 시 1,409, 1,965 g이었고 300일영기 1,602, 2,305g이었으며, 500일영시 1,709, 2,479 g이었고, 초산일영은 S.C.W. Leghorn종과 R. I. Red종에서 각각 156, 163일이었다. 또한 산란수는 S.C.W,Leghorn종과 R. I. Red종에서 300일영시에 각각 101.18, 101. 05개이었고. 500 일영시에 각각 214.39 및 214.93개이었으며, 난중은 초산시에 41.93, 41.82g, 300일영시에 57.65, 57.62g, 500일영시에 60.33, 60.57g이었다. 2. 유전력 추정치에 있어서는 S.C.W. Leghorn종 및 R. I. Red종의 체중은 부분산성분에서 각각 0.492∼0.612, 0.309∼0.523이었고, 최분산성분에서 각각 0.275∼0.458, 0.134∼0.380으로 부분산성분에서 높았으며, 초산일영은 부분산성분에서 각각 0.167, 0.169이었고, 모분산성분에서 각각 0.169, 0.095로 낮은 추정치이었으며, 산란수는 부분산성분에서 각각 0.214∼0.239, 0.137∼0.259이었고, 모분산성분에서 각각 0.336∼0.341, 0.024∼ 0.102 이었으며, 난중은 부분산성분에서 각각 0.537∼0.796, 0.519∼0.631이었고, 모분산성분에서 각각 0.374∼0.686 및 0.116∼0.365로 부분산성분에서 높게 추정되었다. 3. 유전상관에서 S.C.W. Leghorn종과 R. I. Red종에서 체중과 초산일영간에는 각각 0.328∼0.426, 0.186∼0.244이었고, 체중과 산란수간에는-0.666∼-0.498, -0.542∼-0.073으로 員의 상관인 반면에, 난중과는 각각 0.384∼0.744, 0.126∼0.612로 정의 계수이었고, 초산일영과 산란수간에는 각각 -0.639∼-0.452, -0.754∼-0.320으로 높은 부의 상관인 반면에 난중과는 각각 0.478∼0.705, 0.021∼0.605로 정의 상관이었고, 산란수와 난중간에는 각각 -0.623∼-0.355, -0.861∼-0.327로 부의 상관계수이었다.

난용계의 난구함분에 관한 유전력 및 유전상관

상병찬,한성욱,정선부 한국가금학회 1989 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.16 No.2

본 연구는 산란계의 개량을 위한 난구성분의 유전역과 유전상관을 추정하고자 1980년 3월 1 일부터 1981년 7월 31일까지 사육 되어온 S.C.W. Leghorn종 351수와 R. I. Red종 326鳶수에서 생산된 계란 6,093개의 난구성분을 조사 분석하여 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 평균난백중은 S.C.W. Leghorn종과 R. I. Red종에서 각각 초산시에 28.67, 28.95g, 300일영에 36.28, 36.015, 5일영에 37.15, 36.855이었고, 난황중은 각각 초산시에 9.21, 9.465, 300일영에 15.95, 16.435, 500일영에 17.86, 18.54 g 이었으며, 난각중은 각각 초산시 4.04, 3.66 g, 300일영에 5.39, 5.13g, 500일영에 5.40, 5.28 g이었다. 2. 유전력 추정치에 있어서는 S.C.W. Legrn종 및 R. I. Red종의 난백중은 부분산성분에서 각각 0.637∼0.746, 0.94∼0.563 이었고, 모분산성분에서 각각 0.412∼0.496, 0.477∼0.620으로 대체로 높은 추정치이었으며, 난황중은 부분산성분에서 각각 0.213∼0.530. 0.253∼0.437이었코, 모분산성분에서 각각 0.343∼0.613, 0.389∼0.477로 모분산성분에서 높았으며, 난각중은 부분산성분에서 각각 0.427∼0.602, 0.141 ∼0.281 이었고, 모분산성분에서 각각 0.336∼0.409 및 0.380∼0.552이었다. 3. 난구성분들간의 유전상관은 난백중과 난황중간에는 S.C.W, Leghorn종과 R. I. Red종에서 각각 0.082∼0.399 및 0.142∼0.465로 저도 또는 중도의 상관인 반면에 난백중과 난각중간에는 각각 0.674∼0.952 및 0.216∼0.546으로 높거나 중정도의 정의 상관이었고, 난황중과 난각중간에는 각각 0.273∼0.771 및 0.122∼0.749이었다.각 0.47~0.52, 0.40~0.54로 유전력이 비교적 높은 형질임을 알 수 있다. 그러나 총산란수(TEN)와 총산란중량(TEM)의 유전역은 각각 0.07~0.37, 0.18~0.27로 유전력이 낮은 형질임을 나타내고 있으며 모든 산란형질의 유전력이 모분산성분에 의한 추정치가 부분산성분에 의한 추정치 보다 높게 나타나서 이들 형질의 모체효과를 포함한 비상가적 유전분산의 효과를 시사하고 있다. 3. 퇴교배에 따른 유전력 변화를 부모분산성분에 의하여 살피보면 기초계군(BC0), 퇴교배 1세대(BC1), 퇴교배 2세대(BC2)로 퇴교배가 증가함에 따라 초산일령(SM)은 0.47, 0.42, 0.51 이였으며 총산란수(TEN)에서는 0.28, 0.13, 0.27으로 유전역 변화의 일정한 경향치를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 평균난중(AEW)과 총산란 중량(TEM)에서는 기초계군(BC0), 퇴교배1세대(BC1), 퇴교배2세대(BC2)로 퇴교배가 증가함에 따라 0.59, 0.43, 0.35와 0.28, 0.20, 0.18로 추정되어 뚜렷한 유전력의 감소를 보이고 있다. 이것은 퇴교배가 증가함에 따라 평균난중과 총산란중량에 대한 유전적 변이의 감소에 기인된 것으로 생각된다. 4. 산란형질간의 유전상관을 살펴보면 초산일령(SM)과 총산란수(TEN)간의 유전상관은 -0.55이고 초산일령(SM)과 총산란중량(TEM)간은 -0.42로 부의 상관을 보이고 있다. 그러나 초산일령(SM)과 평균난중(AEW)간은 0.20으로 낮은 정의 상관을 나타내고 있다. 평균난중(AEW)과 총산란수(TEN)간은 -0.29이고 평균난중(AEW)과 총산란중량(TEM)간은 0.31의 낮은 유전상관을 보이고 있다. 한편 총산란중량(TEM)과 총산란수(TEN)간은 0.82의 높은 정의 상관을 나타내므로 이상의 결과에서 총산란중량(TEM)에 관여하는 것은 평균난중(AEW) 보다는 주로 총산란수(TEN)에 기인하는 것 같다. 또한 총산란수( TEN)는 초산일령( This study was conducted to estimate heritabilities, genetic and phenotypic correlations on egg compositions in layers. The data analysis were a total of 6,097 eggs in S. C. W. Leghorn and R. I. Red from March 1, 1980 to July 31, 1981. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The average albumen weight at first egg, 300 and 500 days of age were 28.67, 36.25 and 37.51g in the S. C. W. Leghorn, and 28.95, 36.01 and 36.85g in the R. I. Red, respectively. The yolk weigh at first egg ,300 and 500 days were 9.21, 15.94 and17.86g in the S. C. W. Leghorn,9.46, 16.43 and 18.54g in the R. I. Red, respectively. The shell weight at first egg, 300 and 500 days were 4.04, 5.39 and 5.40g in the S. C. W. Leghorn, and 3.66, 5.13 and 5.28g, respectively. 2. The heritability estimates based on the variance of sire and dam components were 0.631-0.164 and 0.412-0.496 in the S. C. W. Leghorn,0.234-0.563 and 0.477-0.610 in the R. I. Red for albumen weight; 0.213-0.530 and 0.343-0.613 in the S. C. W. Leghorn, 0.253-0.437 and 0.389-0.477 in the R. I. Red for yolk weight; 0.427-0.602 and 0.336-0.409 in the S. C. W. Leghorn, 0.141-0.281 in the R. I. Red for shell weight, respectively. 3. The genetic correlation coefficients of egg compositions were as follows; In the S. C. W. Leghorn and R. I. Red, the coefficients between albumen weight and yolk weight, 0.082-0.339 and 0.142-0.465; between albumen weight and shell weight, 0.674-0.952 and 0.216-0.546; between yolk weight and shell weight,0.173-0.171 and 0.121-0.749, respectively.

재래한우의 혈액단백질 및 효소의 유전적 다형현상

상병찬,류승희,이상훈,한성욱,이창수 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1995 농업과학연구 Vol.22 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the genetic constitution of blood proteins and enzymes in 238 Korean Native cattle reared at Korean Native Cattle Breeding Center, National Livestock Cooperative Federation. The genetic polymorphisms of post-transferrin-2(pTf-2), transferrin(Tf), post-albumin(pAlb), albumin(Alb), ceruloplamin(Cp), amylase-I(Am-I) and hemoglobin(Hb) were analyzed by using PAGE(polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and STAGE(starch gel electrophoresis). The genotypes and gene frequencies were estimated at these loci for each blood proteins and enzymes. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows : 1. The pTf-2 locus were identified to be genetically controlled by codominant alleles designated pTf-2 F and S, and the distribution of genotypes were 46.22, 46.64 and 7.14% for pTf-2 FF, FS and SS types, and the gene frequencies of the pTf-2 F and S allele were 0,695 and 0.305, respectiveley. 2. The Tf locus were found to be controlled by Tf A, D1, D2 and E alleles, and the distributioin of genotypes were 0.84, 13.87, 13.03, 10.92, 22.27, 12.61, 2.94, 15.51, 6.72 and 1.68% for Tf AA, AD1, AD2, AE, D1D1, D1D2, D1E, D2E and EE types, and the gene frequencies of Tf A, D1, D2 and E were 0.197, 0.430, 0.191 and 0.081, respectively. 3. The pAlb locus were observed to be controlled by two alleles, pAlb F and S, and the distribution of genotypes were 42.86, 33.19 and 23.95% for pAlb FF, FS and SS types, and the gene frequencies were 0.595 and 0.405 for Tf F and S allele, respectively. Also the gene frequencies of Alb was 1.000 of Alb A allele. 4. The Cp locus were identified to be controlled by Cp F and S allele, and the distribution of genotypes were 23.11, 34.87 and 42.02% for Cp FF, FS and SS types, and the gene frequencies were 0.405 and 0.595 for Cp F and S allele, respectively. 5. The Am-I locus were observed to be genetically controlled by Am-I B and C allele, and the distribution of genotypes were 51.26, 16.81 and 31.92% for Am-I BB, BC and CC types, and the gene frequencies of Am-I B and C alleles were 0.597 and 0.403, respectively. 6. The Hb locus were found to be controlled by Hb A and B alleles, and the distribution of genotypes were 93.19, 16.39 and 0.42% for Hb AA, AB and BB types, and the gene frequencies of Hb A and B alleles were 0.914 and 0.086, respectively.