숲 가꾸기 임지의 소나무좀 발생과 후식 피해

구관효,이정환,김종갑 한국농림기상학회 2005 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.7 No.4

초피나무에 있어서 Pon - Pon 처리에 의한 종자 발아촉진과 (發芽促進) 삽목에 (揷木) 의한 무성번식 (無性繁殖) 개선

구관효(Gwan Hyo Goo),윤기식(Ki Sik Youn),최재식(Jai Sik Choi) 한국산림과학회 1993 한국산림과학회지 Vol.82 No.3

This study was carried out to seek for a most effective hastening method of seed germination by Pon-Pon treatment and asexual multiplication method by cutting in Zanthozylum piperitum . The results obtained in this study were as follows : 1. Cold moist stratification under the ground accompanied with Pon-Pon treatment was shown 74.3% of seed germination, which was the most effective one among pretreatment methods with significance at 1% level. 2. Height growth was shown continuous growth pattern and the maximum growth was shown during the period 1 July to 31 July, which corresponds 40.3% of total annual growth. 3. Although no noticeable difference among the kind of plant growth regulator in the rooting rate, there was difference among concentrations with significance at 1% level . 4. In the case of number of primary roots and T/R rate of rooted cuttings, treatment of plant growth regulators was significantly superior to control. 5. T/R rate in rooted cuttings was a high negative correlation (r=-0.7164) with the number of primary roots.

편백인공림의 (人工林) 식생구조에 (植生構造) 관한 연구

구관효,이강영 ( Gwan Hyo Goo,Kang Young Lee ) 한국산림과학회 1991 한국산림과학회지 Vol.80 No.4

The vegetation structure within Chamaecyparis obtusa plantation was analyzed for the purpose of applying the effective forestation method for Chmaecyparis obtusa plantation, tending and regeneration in the southern districts of korea. The reaults were as follows : 1. The importance percentage was high in the order of Eurya japonica, Rhus verniciflua, Chamaecyparis obtuse, Lindera erythrocarpa, Carpinus laxiflora. Styrax japonica, Viburnum dilatatum, Zanthoxylum piperitum and Smilax china among the vegetation of Chamaecyparis obtuse. Importance percentage of natural seedling of Charnaecyparis obtuse was high in lower story but gradually decreased in middle story. 2. The basal area of upper trees had a negative correlation with the density of natural seedlings in the middle and lower story, and it represents that the basal area of upper trees had some effect on the density of natural seedlings within understories. 3. The rate of the A and B class by Raunkiaer`s frequency was higher in the vegetation of middle story than that of lower story. 4. By Morisita`s index, the species of Chamaecyparis obtuse, Rhus venziciflua, Lindera erythrocarpa, Smilax china. Callicarpa japonica and Lindera obtusiloba were randomly distributed at lower story, but they were aggregatively distributed at middle story. At all of middle and lower story, Eurya japonica and Viburnun dilatatum were randomly distributed, and Carpinus laxiflora, Zanthoxylum piperitum and Picrasma quassioides were aggregatively distributed. 5. The number of appearance species and the value of species diversity in western survey area were more than that of eastern survey area. 6. The salue of species diversity at lower story was higher than that of middle story, and it represents that the number of individuals of appearance species was composed more even at lover story than middle story. 7. According to cluster analysis by similarity index, the survey areas were separated from inland and seacoast districts. 8. Judging from each stories ordination analysis by dissimilarity index, the vegetation was separated from lower and middle story, and the vegetation of lower story was more progressed succession stage than that of middle story. 9. In Chamaecyparis obtuse stands, Eurya japonica had a positive correlation with Sorbus alnifolia, Hex macropoda. Ficus erecta and Trachelospernaum asiaticum, but it had a negative correlation with Zarzthoxylum piperitum, Carpinus laxiflora and Parthenocissus tricuspidata. 10. In estimation of the productivity of Chamaecyparis obtzcsa stands, the value of SC (Conic surface) and VP (Parabolic volume) for upper trees was 94.5% and 99.63%, respectively and SC and VP of middle story was 5.49% and 0.37%, respectively. In the species of middle story, material productivity was high in order of Eurya japonica. Lindera eryhrocarpa, Rhus herniciflua. Carpinus laxiflora and Styrax japonica.

화살 , 남천 , 차 , 초피나무 4유용수종의 종자 발아촉진처리가 포지발아와 (圃地發芽) 유묘 (幼苗) 생장에 미치는 효과

구관효(Gwan Hyo Goo),최재식(Jai Sik Choi),윤기식(Ki Sik Youn) 한국산림과학회 1995 한국산림과학회지 Vol.84 No.1

We examined the effects of seed treatment on field germination rate and seedling growth for four woody species, Euonymus alatus, Thea sinensis, Zanthoxylum piperitum, Nandina domestia which are economically useful in Korea. The seeds of each species were purified carefully after collection during Oct. and Nov.. E. alatus, T. sinensis, and Z. piperitum were sowed in the experimental field after stored in open ground with treatment of Pon-Pon. H₂O₂. GA₃, scarification. and N. domestica was sowed in container within green house after treatment of three different periods(7, 15, 21days) in growth chamber(4, 25, 32℃). Germination rate and seedling growth were measured in mid-Oct.. In E. alatus germination rate was higher in storaging in open ground after soaking in GA₃(67.1%) than in only storaging in open ground(18.4%). But the rate in T. sinenszs showed no differences between storage in open ground after treatment of GA₃, and scarification. and only storage in open ground, Germination rate of Z. piperitum was much higher in storaging in open ground after treatment of Pon-Pon(80.3%) than in only storaging in open ground(12.4%). In N. domestica. seeds stored for 7 days at 32℃ were germinated faster than those stored for 7 days at 4℃, and germination rate of the former was also higher than that of the latter. Peak Times of seed germination in field were order of E. alatus (32 days). Z. piperitum (49 days). T. sinensis (83 days), N. domestica (87 days). The growth of seedling germinated in field showed a good result because of early germination following the effect of seed treatment. The periods of highest growth performances of the seedlings were 72 days in late Jun.-mid Jul. in E. alatus. 59 days in late Jun.- mid Jul. in Z. Piperitum, and 45 days in mid Aug.- mid Sep. in T. sirtensis

주목삽수의 (揷穗) 모수령 (母樹齡) 및 아조형태가 (芽條形態) 발근과 묘형에 (苗型) 미치는 영향

구관효(Gwan Hyo Goo),이강영(Kang Young Lee),윤기식(Ki Sik Youn),권영한(Yeong Han Kwon) 한국산림과학회 1990 한국산림과학회지 Vol.79 No.4

This study was carried out to investigate rooting rate, plagiotrophic growth and root-promoting effect of IBA in Taxus cuspidata S, et Z. cuttings. The results obtained were summarized as follows : 1. As the ortet ages of cuttings were increased in 5, 10, to 20 years , the rooting rates were decreased in order of 85.7%, 81.7% and 62.4%, and the number of primary roots were also decreased in 5.3, 3.7 and 2.9. respectively. 2. Rooting rate by cutting types of lateral shoot were higher than those of main shoot type, significant at the 1% level . 3. IBA(l00ppm) treatment promoted the rooting rates and the number of primary roots. 4. As the ortet ages were increased in 5. 10 to 20 years, angles of central shoot of rooted cuttings which mesured cyclophysis were decreased in order of 75.9% 68.5% and 59.6%. respectively, significant at the 1% level 5. Average angles showed 77.0° for main shoot cutting, 65.9° for upper lateral shoot and 61.7° for lower lateral, which was significant at l% level, and lateral shoot cutting showed more topophysis than main shoot cutting. 6. Shoot length of rooted cuttings from main shoot cutting was longer than that from lateral shoot significant at the 1% level. 7. Relationship between some characteristics showed highly positive correlation.

황벽나무의 종자발아와 묘목생장 및 적정생육밀도에 관한 연구

구관효,이강영,윤기식,이총규 ( Gwan Hyo Goo,Kang Young Lee,Ki Sik Youn,Chong Kyu Lee ) 한국산림과학회 1997 한국산림과학회지 Vol.86 No.4

We examined the effect of pretreatments on seed germination, seedling growth, optimal seedling density of Phellodendron amurense. The seeds were carefully purified after collection in late Oct. from natural population at Mt. Chiri. For the evaluation of pretreatment effects, seeds were sowed in an experimental nursery after being stored in open ground(2∼8℃) with soaking in 20% H₂O₂, 50-fold pon-pon solution, cold moist stratification in refrigerator(2∼4℃) and dry storage in roam temperature(4∼18℃), respectively, For the effect of growth density of seedlings, seedlings germinated in nursery were precisely controlled with 53, 104, 220, 380 seedlings per ㎡. Among pretreatments for the promotion of germination rate, pon-pon treatment(68.8%) was highest, the others were higher than that in dry storage(2.3%), and these seed pretreatment methods were significantly different at 1% level. The height growth of seedlings showed the most vigor from Jun.12 to Jul. 8, and from Jul.20 to Aug. 2, and it reached to 72.8% of height growth. In case of 1-0 seedling, although seedling density per ㎡ was increased, seedling growth was decreased. The optimal seedling density was 104 seedlings per ㎡. The standard seedlings for plantation were above height 55㎝, root collar diameter 8.1㎜, and root length 21㎝. These results demonstrated that seed of P. amurense requires stratification for the germination promotion.

두충나무의 (杜충) 종자발아 (種子發芽) , 묘목생장 (苗木生長) 및 물질생산

구관효(Gwan Hyo Goo),윤기식(Ki Sik Youn),이강영(Kang Young Lee) 한국산림과학회 1991 한국산림과학회지 Vol.80 No.2

This study was carried out to examine seed germination, seedling growth, and biomass production of Eucommia ulmoides. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. Cold moist stratification at a refrigerator showed 60.3% of seed germination, which is the most effective among pretreatment methods. 2. In case of 1-0 seedlings, sixty seedlings per 1㎡ was the most appropriate density, and the growth quality of seedlings differed significantly among densities. 3. Height growth showed continuous growth pattern and the maximum growth was shown during the period 21 Tune to 20 1uly, which corresponds 32.7% of total annual growth. 4. As tree age and DBH increased, the production of bark and leaf increased, however, its increment rate remarkably dropped down after ten years. 5. When tree age was ten years, the rate of bark volume showed the maximum value, 12.42%. 6. Dry weight of barks and leaves and bark volume were positively related to the growth of DBH and height. 7. As tree age increased, leaf area decreased, but the number of leaves increased.

친환경적 밤 종실해충의 방제연구

이총규,구관효,석주환,강승미,황진형 한국임학회 2009 한국임학회 정기학술발표논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

목서류의 (木犀類) 증식에 관한 연구

윤기식,구관효,조정석 ( Ki Sik Youn,Gwan Hyo Goo,Chung Suk Jo ) 한국산림과학회 1986 한국산림과학회지 Vol.75 No.1

Present studies were carried out to understand the way of propagation of Osmanthus which has much value as ornamental trees in southern parts of Korea. The results of these experiments were summarized as follows: 1. In order to increase the survival of Osmanthus, scions of Osmanthus was grafted on the stocks of Ligustrum obtusifolium S. et Z. The survival of the grafts were 63% for Osmanthus fragrans var. aurantiacus Makino and 60% for Osmanthus asiaticus Nakai. 2. The growth of the grafts was initiated from 28th day after the grafting and the height growth resumed three times, and the growth percentage was 63% for Osmanthus fragrans var. aurantiacus and 59% for Osmanthus asiaticus. 3. Cutting medium mixed with perlite and vermiculite (1:1) gave better results than either use of them separately, and the rooting percentage was 93% for Osmanthus fragrans var, aurantiactts and 90% for Osmanthus asiaticus. 4. Rooting percentage of cuttings was lower in hard-wood cutting than that of in green-wood cutting. 5. Grafts showed fairly good height growth in July and September, and ceased growth in October. 6. Correlation between height growth and diameter of root collar of grafts in case of Osmanthus fiagrans var. aurantiacus was highly significant and showed linear correlation (r=0.70^(**))

수문 임업기계 측정 분야 ( 농업과학기술센터 202호 ) : 지리산 한신 계곡 및 중산리 계곡 계류수질의 특성

이총규,구관효,윤기식,김종갑 한국임학회 1999 한국임학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.1999 No.-