Endophytic Fungus <i> Aspergillus japonicus</i> Mediates Host Plant Growth under Normal and Heat Stress Conditions

Ismail,Hamayun, Muhammad,Hussain, Anwar,Iqbal, Amjad,Khan, Sumera Afzal,Lee, In-Jung Hindawi 2018 BioMed research international Vol.2018 No.-

<P>We have isolated an endophytic fungus with heat stress alleviation potential from wild plant<I> Euphorbia indica</I> L. The phylogenetic analysis and 18S rDNA sequence homology revealed that the designated isolate was<I> Aspergillus japonicus</I> EuR-26. Analysis of<I> A. japonicus</I> culture filtrate displayed higher concentrations of salicylic acid (SA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), flavonoids, and phenolics. Furthermore,<I> A. japonicus</I> association with soybean and sunflower had improved plant biomass and other growth features under high temperature stress (40°C) in comparison to endophyte-free plants. In fact, endophytic association mitigated heat stress by negotiating the activities of abscisic acid, catalase, and ascorbic acid oxidase in both soybean and sunflower. The nutritional quality (phenolic, flavonoids, soluble sugars, proteins, and lipids) of the<I> A. japonicus</I>-associated seedlings has also improved under heat stress in comparison to endophyte-free plants. From the results, it is concluded that<I> A. japonicus </I>can modulate host plants growth under heat stress and can be used as thermal stress alleviator in arid and semiarid regions of the globe (where mean summer temperature exceeds 40°C) to sustain agriculture.</P>

SOME RESULTS INVOLVING THE REPRESENTATION OF THE CENTRALIZER OF A MATRIX

Smail Bouarga Korean Mathematical Society 2023 대한수학회논문집 Vol.38 No.1

In this paper, we investigate the dimension and the structure of the centralizer of a square matrix with entries from an arbitrary field.

U4 snRNA variants of Bombyx mori

Shamayra S. SMAIL,Rene J. HERRERA 한국곤충학회 2007 Entomological Research Vol.37 No.4

It is known that the spliceosome’'s catalytic core is composed of U2, U6 and U5 small nuclear (sn)RNAs. U6 is chaperoned and held inactive by intermolecular base-pair interactions by the U4 snRNA molecule until its incorporation into the spliceosomal complex. In previous studies, a number of variant forms of U1, U2 and U6 were detected in the silk moth Bombyx mori. Considering U4’'s unique role as a modulator of U6’'s activity, the aim of the present study was to determine if the multiplicity of U6 variants observed in B. mori is complemented in U4. Five U4 variants were identified in the B. moriWhole Genome Shotgun (WGS) database and were used to design internal U4 snRNA primers. These oligonucleotides were subsequently used to create four U4 reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) libraries with RNA extracted from the silk gland of B. mori. Two major U4 variants were identified from these libraries. The majority of the variation among genomic and transcript-derived U4 variant sequences is located in stem-loop II and III as well as at the 3′-end. No differences between the isoforms are located in the critical U4/U6 intermolecular binding regions. Sequence comparison analyses based on U4 intraspecific and interspecific variability delineate several evolutionarily conserved regions.

Multiplicative bias correction for generalized Birnbaum–Saunders kernel density estimators and application to nonnegative heavy tailed data

Nabil Zougaba,Smail Adjabi 한국통계학회 2016 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.45 No.1

In this paper, we show that the multiplicative bias correction (MBC) techniques can be applied for generalized Birnbaum–Saunders (GBS) kernel density estimators. First, some properties of the MBC-GBS kernel density estimators (bias, variance and mean integrated squared error) are shown. Second, the choice of bandwidth is investigated by adopting the popular cross-validation technique. Finally, the performances of the MBC estimators based on GBS kernels are illustrated by a simulation study, followed by a real application for nonnegative heavy tailed (HT) data. In general, in terms of integrated squared bias (ISB) and integrated squared error (ISE), the proposed estimators outperform the standard GBS kernel estimators.

Bayesian bandwidth selection in discrete multivariate associated kernel estimators for probability mass functions

Nawal Belaid,Smail Adjabi,Nabil Zougaba,Célestin C. Kokonendji 한국통계학회 2016 Journal of the Korean Statistical Society Vol.45 No.4

This paper proposed a nonparametric estimator for probability mass function of multivariate data. The estimator is based on discrete multivariate associated kernel without correlation structure. For the choice of the bandwidth diagonal matrix, we presented the Bayes global method against the likelihood cross-validation one, and we used the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method for deriving the global optimal bandwidth. We have compared the proposed method with the cross-validation method. The performance of both methods is evaluated under the integrated square error criterion through simulation studies based on for univariate and multivariate models. We also presented applications of the proposed methods to bivariate and trivariate real data. The obtained results show that the Bayes global method performs better than cross-validation one, even for the Poisson kernel which is the very bad discrete associated kernel among binomial, discrete triangular and Dirac discrete uniform kernels.

Numerical modeless of the damage, around inclusion in the orthopedic cement PMMA

Cherfi Mohamed,Benbarek Smail,Bachir Bouiadjra,B. Serier 국제구조공학회 2016 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.57 No.4

In orthopedic surgery and more especially in total arthroplastie of hip, the fixing of the implants generally takes place essentially by means of constituted surgical polymer cement. The damage of this materiel led to the fatal rupture and thus loosening of the prosthesis in total hip, the effect of over loading as the case of tripping of the patient during walking is one of the parameters that led to the damage of this binder. From this phenomenon we supposed that a remain of bone is included in the cement implantation. The object of this work is to study the effect of this bony inclusion in the zones where the outside conditions (loads and geometric shapes) can provoke the fracture of the cement and therefore the aseptic lousing of the prosthesis. In this study it was assumed the presence of two bones –type inclusions in this material, one after we analyzed the effect of interaction between these two inclusions damage of damage to this material. One have modeled the damage in the cement around this bone inclusion and estimate the crack length from the damaged cement zone in the acetabulum using the finite element method, for every position of the implant under the extreme effort undergone by the prosthesis. We noted that the most intense stress position is around the sharp corner of the bone fragment and the higher level of damage leads directly the fracture of the total prosthesis of the hip.

An AzTEC 1.1-mm survey for ULIRGs in the field of the Galaxy Cluster MS 0451.6−0305

Wardlow, J. L.,Smail, Ian,Wilson, G. W.,Yun, M. S.,Coppin, K. E. K.,Cybulski, R.,Geach, J. E.,Ivison, R. J.,Aretxaga, I.,Austermann, J. E.,Edge, A. C.,Fazio, G. G.,Huang, J.,Hughes, D. H.,Kodama, T.,K Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 MONTHLY NOTICES- ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY Vol.401 No.4

<P>ABSTRACT</P><P>We have undertaken a deep (σ∼ 1.1 mJy) 1.1-mm survey of the <I>z</I>= 0.54 cluster MS 0451.6−0305 using the AzTEC camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. We detect 36 sources with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) ≥ 3.5 in the central 0.10 deg<SUP>2</SUP> and present the AzTEC map, catalogue and number counts. We identify counterparts to 18 sources (50 per cent) using radio, mid-infrared, <I>Spitzer</I> InfraRed Array Camera (IRAC) and Submillimetre Array data. Optical, near- and mid-infrared spectral energy distributions are compiled for the 14 of these galaxies with detectable counterparts, which are expected to contain all likely cluster members. We then use photometric redshifts and colour selection to separate background galaxies from potential cluster members and test the reliability of this technique using archival observations of submillimetre galaxies. We find two potential MS 0451−03 members, which, if they are both cluster galaxies, have a total star formation rate (SFR) of ∼100 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> yr<SUP>−1</SUP>– a significant fraction of the combined SFR of all the other galaxies in MS 0451−03. We also examine the stacked rest-frame mid-infrared, millimetre and radio emission of cluster members below our AzTEC detection limit, and find that the SFRs of mid-IR-selected galaxies in the cluster and redshift-matched field populations are comparable. In contrast, the average SFR of the morphologically classified late-type cluster population is nearly three times less than the corresponding redshift-matched field galaxies. This suggests that these galaxies may be in the process of being transformed on the red sequence by the cluster environment. Our survey demonstrates that although the environment of MS 0451−03 appears to suppress star formation in late-type galaxies, it can support active, dust-obscured mid-IR galaxies and potentially millimetre-detected LIRGs.</P>

SCUBA-2 Observation of the JWST/GTO Time Domain Survey Field

Minhee Hyun,Ian Smail,Myungshin Im,Roger A. Windhorst,Rolf A. Jansen,Christopher N. A. Wilmer,William D. Cotton,Giovanni Fazio,Richard Perley,James J. Condon,Mark Swinbank,Seth Cohen,Li-Hwai Lin,Fangx 한국천문학회 2020 天文學會報 Vol.45 No.1

Frequency Identification of Hammerstein-Wiener Systems with Backlash Input Nonlinearity

Adil Brouri,Laila Kadi,Smail Slassi 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2017 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.15 No.5

The problem of system identification is addressed for Hammerstein-Wiener systems that involve memoryoperator of backlash type bordered by straight lines as input nonlinearity. The system identification of this model isinvestigated by using easily generated excitation signals. Moreover, the prior knowledge of the nonlinearity type,being backlash or backlash-inverse, is not required. The nonlinear dynamics and the unknown structure of the linearsubsystem lead to a highly nonlinear identification problem. Presently, the output nonlinearity may be noninvertibleand the linear subsystem may be nonparametric. Interestingly, the system nonlinearities are identified first using apiecewise constant signal. In turn, the linear subsystem is identified using a frequency approach.

Initiation and propagation of a crack in the orthopedic cement of a THR using XFEM

Gasmi, Bachir,Abderrahmene, Sahli,Smail, Benbarek,Benaoumeur, Aour Techno-Press 2019 Advances in computational design Vol.4 No.3

The sealing cement of total hip arthroplasty is the most widely used binder in orthopedic surgery for anchoring implants to their recipient bones. Nevertheless, this latter remains a fragile material with weak mechanical properties. Inside this material cracks initiate from cavities. These cracks propagate under the effect of fatigue and lead to the failure of this binder and consequently the loosening of the prosthesis. In this context, this work consists to predict the position of cracks initiation and their propagations path using the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM). The results show that cracks can only be initiated from a sharp edges of an ellipsoidal cavity which the ratio of the minor axis over the major axis is equal to 0.1. A maximum crack length of 19 ?m found for a cavity situated in the proximal zone position under a static loading. All cracks propagate in same(almost) way regardless of the cavity(site of initiation) position and its inclination in the proximal zone.