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Ian Moodie 대한언어학회 2018 언어학 Vol.26 No.4
Moodie, Ian. (2018). Comparing the practices of experienced and novice Korean English teachers in relation to curricular aims for English education. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal, 26(4), 125-150. This study contributes towards understanding the classroom practices of Korean public school English teachers by introducing and applying an observation protocol which analyzes how teachers’ pedagogic activities relate to curricular recommendations for English education such as having student-centered, meaning-focused, and communicative English classes. The study included three classes each from two experienced and two novice primary school English teachers. The analysis showed that the experienced teachers’ classes were much more communicative and student-centered than the novice teachers’ classes were (e.g., 40% to 64% of class time spent on communicative activities versus 8% to 25% for the novice teachers), but that both novice and experienced teachers focused mostly on language forms rather than meaning in their lessons, and that none of the teachers used any task-based activities. The study concludes with implications and recommendations for future research based on these results.
Effects of catalysts on structural and adsorptive properties of iron oxide-silica nanocomposites
Cătălin Ianăși,Paula Ianăși (b. Svera),Adina Negrea,Mihaela Ciopec,Oleksandr I. Ivankov,Alexander I. Kuklin,László Almásy,Ana-Maria Putz 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.2
Iron oxide-silica nanocomposites were prepared by sol-gel method using ammonia (NH3), acetic acid (CH3COOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) catalysts to generate different pH values for the reaction conditions. As starting precursors, for the silica, respectively, for the iron oxide, tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and iron-III-acetylacetonate were used. The physico-chemical characterization of the materials revealed that the sample obtained with HCl catalyst displays the largest surface area (300m2/g), the most compact network structure, highest surface roughness, biggest crystallite size (14 nm), magnetization (7 emu/g) and superparamagnetic behavior. These materials were tested for adsorption of Cr6+ and Zn2+ from aqueous solution. Sample M-HCl presented the highest surface area and was further used for adsorption of metal ions. Kinetic, thermodynamic and equilibrium adsorption measurements studies were made for Cr6+ and Zn2+. To establish the material behavior from a thermodynamic point of view, temperature and contact time of adsorption process, activation energy, free energy, of standard enthalpy and entropy were calculated. The kinetic behavior was modelled by pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models and the adsorption characteristics were determined by modelling the experimental data with Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips isotherms.
Removal of cadmium from aqueous solutions using inorganic porous nanocomposites
Cătălin Ianăşi,Mirela Picioruş,Roxana Nicola,Mihaela Ciopec,Adina Negrea,Daniel Nižňanský,Adél Len,László Almásy,Ana-Maria Putz 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.5
The present paper reports a one-pot synthesis of magnetic nanocomposites samples through acid catalyzed sol-gel method. Fe(III) acetylacetonate was used as precursor of the iron oxide phase: tetraethylortosilicate for the silica phase and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, molecular mass 49000) as pore former. Different concentrations of Fe2O3 in composites matrices were prepared and studied ranging from 0% to 20%. All reactions took place in one pot at room temperature; the materials were subsequently heat treated at 300 oC, to ensure the crystallinity for the iron oxide having spinel structure, forming nanoparticles confined in the silica matrix. The materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction, small-angle neutron scattering, FT-IR spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption, Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetization measurements. The maximum value of room temperature saturation magnetization of ~54 emu/g and 0.11 kOe coercive field was achieved for the magnetic nanocomposite sample with 20% Fe2O3. The highest surface area of 680m2/g was obtained for the sample with 10% Fe2O3. The potential applicability of the obtained materials was studied for adsorption performance for cadmium in aqueous solutions. The Langmuir isotherm model described well the adsorption data, indicating monolayer adsorption of Cd(II) on the heterogeneous composite surface.
Ultrasonic preparation of mesoporous silica using pyridinium ionic liquid
László Almásy,Ana-Maria Putz,Adél Len,Catalin Ianăşi,Cecilia Savii 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.33 No.3
Mesoporous silica matrices have been prepared via classic acid catalyzed and sono-catalyzed sol-gel routes. Tetramethoxysilan (TMOS) and methyl-trimethoxysilane (MTMS) were used as silica precursors, and N-butyl-3-methylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate ([bmPy][BF4]) was employed as co-solvent and pore template. The ionic liquid (IL) to silica mole ratio was varied between 0.007 and 0.07. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption and small-angle neutron scattering measurements were used to characterize the obtained materials. The ionic liquid played the role of catalyst that affected the formation of the primary xerogel particles, and changed the porosity of the materials. Ultrasound treatment resulted in microstructure change on the level of the colloid particle aggregates. In comparison with IL containing xerogels, the IL containing sonogels show increased pore diameter, bigger pore volumes and diminished surface areas.
North Korea’s Entrapment and Time Delay Tactics during Nuclear Negotiations
( Ian Fleming Zhou ),( Jo-ansie Van Wyk ) 서울대학교 통일평화연구원 2021 Asian Journal of Peacebuilding Vol.9 No.2
Weaker parties in a negotiation can change the assumed structural outcome of the negotiation by using strategies such as time delay tactics, which lead to entrapment. In this article, the Six-Party Talks are evaluated empirically to explore the utility of applying this bargaining tactic insight into international relations. The article applies Galin’s (2015) five stages of time delay tactics to the fifth and sixth rounds of the Six-Party Talks, with a focus on the triangular relations between the United States, South Korea, and North Korea. The article shows how North Korea as the weaker negotiating party used the time delay tactic to affect the fifth and sixth rounds of the Six-Party negotiations in its favor. North Korea’s use of several tactics included slowing down negotiations as much as possible, avoiding reaching a final agreement, prolonging negotiations by diversion, dragging out the negotiation process until some external or internal change occurs, and exhausting opponents until they are ready to concede. These tactics ultimately entrapped North Korea’s opponents resulting in the unsuccessful outcome of the Six-Party Talks.
Bideposited thin-film retardation plates for use at deep UV wavelengths
Ian Hodgkinson,Qi Hong Wu,Matthew Arnold,Lakshman De Silva,Richard Blaikie 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.2-4
The physical vapour deposition process of serial bideposition is used to fabricate inorganic retardation plates of LaF3, NdF3,Sc2O3 and SmF3. For a deposition angle of 70.the form-birefringent materials exhibit linear birefringence in the range 0.090.13 atwavelength 248 nm. The study shows that NdF3 and Sc2O3 are unsuitable for use at 193 nm, due to excessive absorptive loss, andthat LaF3 is the preferred material.
Ian Maddieson,Peter Ladefoged,金永贊(번역자) 중국어문논역학회 2015 中國語文論譯叢刊 Vol.0 No.36
긴장성과 이완성이라는 자질은 대부분의 자질 목록에 포함되어 모음의 구분에 사용되었다. 그러나 언어에 따라 그 지칭 대상이 다르며 음성학적 근거가 확실하지 않다. 본 논문은 중국 남서 지역의 비중국어계 소수 언어인 징포어, 하니어, 이어, 와어에 대해 공기역학적, 음향적 데이터를 수집하여 관련 변수들을 측정하고 긴장성과 이완성의 구분에 관여하는 음성 속성들을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 네 언어의 긴장/이완 구분은 주로 발성 유형을 이용하며 주요 관련 요소는 후두의 상태임을 밝혔다. 네 언어에서 실현되는 긴장/이완 대립의 다양한 패턴은 역사적 관점으로 이해될 수 있다. 그것을 실현하는 음성 속성 집합은 언어마다 다양하고 언어 보편성을 찾기 어렵기 때문에 공기하는 속성 집합으로서 긴장과 이완을 사용하는 것은 음성학적 의미가 없으며 보다 근본적인 음성 속성을 참조하여야 한다. Included in most sets of proposed phonological features, [tense] and [lax] have been applied to a number of different distinctions between vowel sets in various languages. But we found that the terms refer to different things depending on languages being discussed and their phonetic evidences are not securely grounded. In this study, we collected aerodynamic and acoustic data from four non-Chinese minority languages spoken in south-western China?Jingpho, Hani, Yi and Wa, measuring related parameters and exploring the phonetic properties involved in tense/lax distinctions. Consequently, we found that tense/lax contrast in those four languages is one of the phonation type and its principal component is a difference in the laryngeal setting. We can understand the various patterns of tense/lax distinctions practiced in the four languages from a historical point of view. Since the clusters of phonetic properties involved are divergent depending on the languages and it is hard to find any uniformity across languages, the terms “tense” and “lax” have no general phonetic meaning as a cluster of co-occurring properties and it is necessary to refer to more basic parameters.