재미한인의 교육성취도를 통해서 본 모델 마이너리티개념의 한계

조현미,배유리 경북대학교사회과학대학지리학과 2008 地理學論究 Vol.- No.27

다인종 · 다민족국가인 미국에서 아시아계 미국인은 성공한 이민자 집단으로서의 ‘모델 마이너리티’로 평가받고 있다. 아시아계의 높은 학력수준과 경제적 성취도는 모범적인 이민자집단으로서 비추어지기에 충분했다. 하지만 아시아계 미국인,특히 그 중에서도 재미한인의 높은 학력이 미국사회로의 진출과 성공에 어느 정도의 영향을 미치고 있는지,그리고 그러한 영향력은 백인이나 히스패닉,흑인들과 어떠한 차이를 가지고 있는지에 대한 의문에서 본 연구는 시작되었다. 각종 통계자료와 문헌,그리고 설문조사를 통하여 볼 때,높은 교육수준이 사회 · 경제적 성공과 지위획득에 영향을 줄 것이라는 교육에 대한 높은 기대치는 입시와 취업에 있어서 미국인들과는 다르게 적용되는 기준으로 인하여 더욱 고학력을 지향하던가,아니면 반대로 종족집단으로의 회귀현상으로 나타나게됨을 알 수 있었다. 결국,다문화사회에 대한 반다문화주의의 등장은 종족적 · 인종적 · 계급적인 보편성을 인정하게 되면 사회가 분열할지도 모른다는 걱정과,다른 문화에 대한 우려로 인하여 나타난 것이라 할 수 있다. Asian Americans as ethnic minohties who,despite marginalization, have achieved successin the United States are spoken of as a'model minority' group because the group hasbeen argued to be more successfulcomparatively than other minority groups inthe United States. The new Amehcanimmigration law in 1965 holds preference forskilled workers and those with collegedegrees; as such, many Asian immigrantsare well-educated before coming to Americaand are often in a upper-middle economicbracket. Therefore, Asians especially thosewho are highly educated and skilled startedto settle down in the United States after themid 1960s. For example, Asian Americanshave accounted for a large percentage ofsome of Amehca's most prestigious universities.The median household income of AsianAmehcans is also higher than the totalpopulation's income. The factors of incomeand educational attainment have made theterm 'model minority' pointing out thesuccess of Asian Amehcans such as Chinese,Korean, and Japanese. Compared to Chineseand Japanese, Korean immigrants tend toblend in quickly with the white upper middleclass while descendants of earlier immigrantsfrom China and Japan have a much more different and difficult history.The aim of this study is to examine theinfluence of the Asian Amehcans' academicsuccess on their advance in the United Statesfocusing on Korean Amehcans. Culturalfactors are mainly thought as a one of thereasons why Asian Americans are successfulin the United States. East Asian societiesthemselves, in general, often place moreresources and emphasis on education. Accordingto the statistics and the survey, however,some Asians presume that they are stillfacing racial discrimination even if they aresuccessful in education. Asian Amehcans, asa minority group, tend to depend upon theirethnic business instead of advancing into themainstream of the United States. SinceAsian Amehcans' status in the United Statesis in discord with their educationalattainment, exclusivism germinated alongwith anti-multiculturalism. In other words,anti-multiculturalism is the result ofconcerns that the society might be disunitedor adversed by recognizing the generality inethnic, race, class.

Identification of time-dependent biomarkers by EndoTox Array in cells exposed to nonylphenol

Yu Ri An,So-Yeon Yu,Seung Jun Kim,Jung-Mi Ha,Jong-Phil Youn,Jun-Sub Kim,Moon-Ju Oh,Jung-Hwa Oh,류재천,Seok Joo Yoon,Jaehoon Jo,황승용 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2011 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.7 No.4

Nonylphenol (NP) is considered an endocrine disruptor due to its weak ability to mimic estrogen and in turn disrupt the natural balance of hormones in affected organisms. NP is reported to cause negative health effects in humans, such as hormone abnormalities and inhibition of growth and reproduction. In the present study, we developed a molecular tool for the evaluation of endocrine toxicity in mouse. To identify gene regulation effects of NP, we estimated gene expression in mouse Sertoli (TM4) and germ cell (GC)lines after exposure to NP. We measured the IC30 value of NP, then exposed the cells to that concentration for 3 hr and 24 hr and used EndoTox Array. The EndoTox Array was manufactured to monitor the endotoxicity of environmental chemicals. This array contains 1306genes that are influenced in reproductive toxicity or by EDCs. In the expression pattern analysis, 28 genes related to the reproductive process, cell proliferation,and nervous system development were progressively changed over time in NP-exposed cells. The study of gene interaction will increase our understanding of the time-dependent molecular mechanisms of NP.

Significant gastrointestinal morbidity after sacrocolpopexy: The incidence and risk factors

( Yu Ri Jo ),( Ji Young Kim ),( Myung Jae Jeon ) 대한산부인과학회 2014 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.57 No.4

This study aimed to quantify the risk of significant gastrointestinal (GI) morbidity after sacrocolpopexy (SCP), and to identify related risk factors. Methods A retrospective study was performed of 258 patients who underwent laparotomic SCP for symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse (POP) from November 2008 to August 2013. By the review of medical records, the frequency of significant GI morbidity that resulted in a prolonged initial hospitalization, readmission, or reoperation was assessed. Thereafter, risk factors for significant GI morbidity were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results Ten patients (3.9%) were identified as having significant GI morbidity; nine (3.5%) had a prolonged initial hospital stay or were readmitted for the medical treatment of postoperative ileus and 1 (0.4%) underwent reoperation for small bowel obstruction. The occurrence of significant GI morbidity was significantly associated with patient’s age and prior laparotomy. By multivariable logistic regression analysis, age (odds ratio [OR], 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01.1.27; P=0.03) and prior laparotomy (OR, 6.82; 95% CI, 1.37.34.07; P=0.02) were found as independent risk factors for significant GI morbidity. Conclusion One in 25 (3.9%) women after SCP experiences significant GI morbidity. Particularly, women with older age and prior laparotomy have a higher risk for significant GI morbidity. This data will aid preoperative counseling for Korean POP patients undergoing SCP.

GO-09 : Fibrinogen as a prognostic marker for disease recurrence in patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer

( Yu Ri Jo ),( Hee Seung Kim ),( Hyun Hoon Chung ),( Jae Weon Kim ),( Yong Sang Song ),( Noh Hyun Park ) 대한산부인과학회 2012 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.99 No.-

The aim of this study was to identify prognostic markers for disease recurrence and cancer-related death among CA-125, fibrinogen and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer (EOC). A total of 217 patients with stage III and IV disease were included who underwent staging operation between October, 1999 and December, 2012. CA-125, fibrinogen and NLR were assessed which were estimated before treatment. For survival analysis, the Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test and Cox`s proportional hazard analysis were performed. Mean values of CA-125, fibrinogen and NLR were 4442.5 IU/mL (range, 6-300,000 IU/mL), 485.2 mg/dL (range, 147-968 mg/dL) and 4.46 (range, 1.07-36.89). Among the three makers, a higher level of fibrinogen (>485.2 mg/dL) was associated with poorer progression-free survival (median, 14 vs. 17.3 months; p<0.01), whereas it was not different according to CA-125 and NLR. Although overall survival was not different based on levels of CA-125 and NLR, a higher level of fibrinogen (>485.2 mg/dL) was also associated with poorer overall survival (median, 38.3 vs. 54.3 months; p=0.03). In multivariate analyses, a higher level of fibrinogen (>485.2 mg/dL) was unfavorable factor for disease recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-2.29) while there was no prognostic factor for overall survival among the three markers. Serum level of fibrinogen before treatment may be a useful marker for disease recurrence in patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer when compared with CA-125 and NLR.

그레이스우수논문상(일반부인과학)

조유리 ( Yu Ri Jo ),( Ji Young Kim ),( Myung Jae Jean ) 대한산부인과학회 2015 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.101 No.-

Objective: This study aimed to quantify the risk of sign fiean! gastrointestinal (GI) rrorbidity after sacrocolpopexy (SCP), and to identify related risk factors. Methods: A retrospective study was performed of 258 patients who underwent laparotomic SCP for symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse (POP) from November 2008 to Augusl2013. By the review of medical records, the frequency of significant GI morbidity that resulted in a prolonged initial hospitalization, readmission, or reoperation was assessed. Thereafter, risk factors for Significant GI morbidity were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Ten patients (3.9%) were identified as having significant GI morbidity; nine (3.5%) had a prolonged initial hospital stay or were readmitted for the medica treatment of postoperative ileus and 1 (0.4%) underwent reor:>eration for small t:x::Mooel obstruction. The occurrence of significant GI rrorbidity was significantly associated with patient``s age and prior laparotomy. By multivariable logistic regression analysis, age (odds ratio (OR], 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CII, 1.01- 1.27; 1``=0.03) and prior laparotomy (OR, 6.82: 95% CI, 1.37-34.07; P=0.02) were found as independent risk factors for significant GI morbidity. Conclusion: One in 25 (3.9%) women after SCP experiences significant GI morbidity. Particularly, women with older age and prior laparotomy have a higher risk for significant GI morbidity. This data will aid preoperative counseling for Korean POP patients undergoing SCP.

지식확산과 집적경제를 고려한 기업의 기술협력파트너 위치선정 행태

조유리 ( Yu Ri Jo ) 기술경영경제학회 2011 Journal of Technology Innovation Vol.19 No.2

본 연구는 기업의 핵심 기술전략 중 하나인 기술협력과 관련하여 기업들이 어디에 위치한 기술협력파트너를 더 선호하는지에 대하여 알아본다. 가까운 거리일수록 지식의 전달이나 확산이 효과적이라는 점에서 근접한 파트너가 유리할 수 있지만, 새롭고 다양한 지식의 확보가 기술협력의 목적이라면 원거리 파트너의 장점 역시 간과할 수 없다. 또한, 기업들이 많이 모여있는 집적지에서 발생하는 외부경제 및 불경제 현상 역시 고려할 필요가 있다. 따라서 이번 연구에서는 두 협력파트너가 서로 가까이 위치하는가와 각각 얼마나 많은 기업이 밀집한 곳에 위치하는가를 통해 지리적 특징이 기업의 파트너 선택에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 2008년도 기술혁신조사를 이용한 실증분석 결과를 요약하면, 기업은 기술협력파트너를 선택하는 데에 있어서 파트너의 지리적 근접성을 매우 중요하게 생각한다. 효과적인 의사소통이 가능하고, 정보비대칭성을 줄이며, 협력관계 중에도 꾸준한 모니터링이 용이하기 때문이다. 하지만, 파트너가 집적지에 위치한다는 것은 파트너 선택에 별다른 영향을 주지 못한다. 반면, 자신이 집적지에 위치해있다는 것은 중요한 요소로 여기는데, 관련산업의 집적지에 위치할 경우 파트너를 가까운 곳에서 찾으려는 경향이 있지만, 비관련산업이 많은 곳에 위치했을 경우 파트너를 외부에서 찾으려는 경향을 보인다. 관련산업 집적지 내의 파트너에게서 자신에게 유용한 혁신 정보를 얻을 수 있는 반면, 비관련산업의 집적지는 혼잡비용, 의도치않은 지식유출, 기술적 구속 등의 단점에 대한 우려가 더 큰 것으로 보인다. 이러한 특성은 경쟁사, 공급자, 수요자, 대학, 정부연구소 등 파트너의 종류에 관계없이 상당부분 일정하게 나타나며, 다만 정부연구소와의 협력의 경우에만 지리적 근접성의 효과가 약화된다. 본 연구는 기업의 혁신 행태를 분석하는 데에 여러 시사점을 제시한다. 우선, 기업은 효과적인 지식확산을 위해 근접한 파트너를 선택하지만, 자신이 비관련 산업 집적지에 위치한 경우 외부의 파트너를 적극적으로 선택하려는 행태를 보인다. 가까운 파트너와 관련 기술을 집중적으로 연구하려는 유인과 외부의 파트너에게서 새로운 아이디어를 얻으려는 유인이 종합적으로 작용하고 있음을 유추할 수 있다. 이에 따라 정책 방향 역시, 산업클러스터 내에서 비슷한 기술을 가진 기업들끼리의 협력을 유도하는 한편, 클러스터-클러스터 간 혹은 다양한 지역 간에 여러 기술을 전파하고 공유할 수 있는 기회를 제공할 필요가 있다. This paper investigates what kind of technological partner firms want to cooperate with in terms of partner location. Two geographical factors are considered. One is geographical proximity, given the tradeoff between the effectiveness of knowledge spillovers in proximity and diverse knowledge absorption from geographically distant partners. The other is how many other firms are co-located with potential partners because it is known that clustering regions can create more technological outputs. Analysis on 2008 Korea Innovation Survey data finds that partner proximity is the single most important factor in choosing a cooperation partner. While firms that are located in a region crowded with related industries prefer proximate partners, others that are surrounded by unrelated industries are more likely to cooperate with distant partners. The findings suggest that geographical proximity matters in partner selection because it not only stimulates knowledge spillovers but also reduces costs involving R&D cooperation such as monitoring costs and information costs. Moreover, firms take into consideration both the benefits and risks of clustering regions. If there are so many unrelated firms that they create agglomeration diseconomies such as congestion costs and unintentional knowledge leakages, firms are more likely to try to find their cooperation partners in other regions.

The Effect of Sea Cucumber Saponins on Phospholipid Multilayered Liposomes

Yu, Byung Sul,Jo, In Ho,Kim, Ae Ri,Hong, Kyeng Hwa,Kitagawa, Isao 생화학분자생물학회 1988 BMB Reports Vol.15 No.4

In order to gain an understanding of the lytic activity of sea cucumber saponins, turbidity change according to the theory of Bangham and Mie with minor modification was observed. The effect of purified sea cucumber saponins on the initial osmotic swelling behavior, which has a linear relationship with the reciprocal of the serially diluted lipid concentration of the liposomes, was also studied by exposing the liposome to hypotonic glucose solution. The lysis phenomena due to the interaction of sea cucumber saponins with phospospholipid multilayered liposome seems to be dependent on the presence of cholesterol component, especially. Also structural differences of the terminal sugar moiety of these saponins, particulary the number and the position, have influence on the lytic activity. All these saponins increased the initial swelling rate of cholesterol-containing liposome. But in cholesterol-free liposome, the two saponins except Echinoside A which has also lytic activity on liposome without cholesterol, do not have significant in fluence on the initial swelling rate in comparison with Echinoside A.

Species-Specific Duplex PCR for Detecting the Important Fish Pathogens Vibrio anguillarum and Edwardsiella tarda

Jo, Geon-A,Kwon, Sae-Bom,Kim, Na-Kyeong,Hossain, Muhammad Tofazzal,Kim, Yu-Ri,Kim, Eun-Young,Kong, In-Soo The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2013 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.16 No.4

Vibriosis caused by Vibrio anguillarum and edwardsiellosis caused by Edwardsiella tarda are septicemic diseases of many commercially important freshwater and marine fishes, and threaten the aquaculture industry in Korea. Early diagnosis and accurate identification of these two bacterial species could help to prevent these diseases and minimize the damage to cultured marine species. This study designed a duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for the simultaneous detection of two major fish pathogens: V. anguillarum and E. tarda. Each pair of oligonucleotide primers exclusively amplified the target groEL gene of the specific microorganism. Twenty-two Vibrio and ten non-Vibrio enteric species were used to check the specificity of the primers, which were found to be highly specific for the target species, even among closely related species. The detection limit was 400 pg for V. anguillarum and 4 ng for E. tarda when mixed purified DNA was used as the template. This assay showed high specificity and sensitivity in the simultaneous detection of V. anguillarum and E. tarda from artificially inoculated seawater and fish.

Porous Materials for CO₂ Adsorption and Conversion

Yu-Ri Lee,Yooseob Won,Shuang Wang,Hana Kim,Ara Cho,Jae-Young Kim,Hyungseok Nam,Dong-Ho Lee,Sung-Ho Jo,Young Cheol Park 한국신재생에너지학회 2021 AFORE Vol.2021 No.10

Multi-Bioinspired Tissue-Adhesive Chitosan Nanoparticles for Site-directed Cancer Therapy

Yu Ri JEON,Yun Kee JO 한국생물공학회 2023 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.10