Comparison of trophic factors changes in the hippocampal CA1 region between the young and adult gerbil induced by transient cerebral ischemia.

Yan, Bing Chun,Park, Joon Ha,Kim, Sung Koo,Choi, Jung Hoon,Lee, Choong Hyun,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Kwon, Young-Geun,Kim, Young-Myeong,Kim, Jong-Dai,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2012 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.32 No.8

<P>In the present study, we investigated neuronal death/damage in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) and compared changes in some trophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the CA1 between the adult and young gerbils after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. Most of pyramidal neurons (89%) were damaged 4 days after ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) in the adult; however, in the young, about 59% of pyramidal neurons were damaged 7 days after I-R. The immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF, not GDNF, in the CA1 of the normal young were lower than those in the normal adult. Four days after I-R in the adult group, the immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF were distinctively decreased, and the immunoreactivity and level of GDNF were increased. However, in the young group, all of their immunoreactivities and levels were much higher than those in the normal young group. From 7 days after I-R, all the immunoreactivities and levels were apparently decreased compared to those of the normal adult and young. In brief, we confirmed our recent finding: more delayed and less neuronal death occurred in the young following I-R, and we newly found that the immunoreactivities of trophic factors, such as BDNF, GDNF, and VEGF, in the stratum pyramidale of the CA1 in the young gerbil were much higher than those in the adult gerbil 4 days after transient cerebral ischemia.</P>

주민참여형 농어촌 테마공원 개발계획 연구 : 청풍지구 농어촌 테마공원을 중심으로

박용순,윤영근,제상호,손경석 경기대학교 부설 관광종합연구소 2014 여가관광연구 Vol.21 No.-

Rural theme park is an on-going business that has been practiced by Ministry for Food, Agriculture,Forestry and Fisheries since 2007. The business aimed to facilitate urban and rural interchange and local economy activation. Rural theme park themed communities by using unique natural and cultural properties owned by the locals. the project adopts bottom-up development that reflects opinions of residents in the tourism planning process. However, it seems to be true that residents have been excluded from tourism planning process even if they were the host of the project for the reasons of lack of knowledge on community-based rural tourism development and lack of experience on bottom-up development. The case of Chung Poong Area in Je Cheon rural theme park used in this study has prioritize residents' involvement in planning procedure. This project emphasized the importance of residents' participation and their role in the entire process of tourism development that ranges from project site decision to the major business decision. Thus, this study suggests a direction that can be used for the future rural theme park projects and community-based project related to planning and design in rural area. 농어촌 테마공원(Rura1 Theme Park) 사업은 2007년부터 농림수산식품부에서 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 농촌관광 수요를 충족하고 농촌지역의 활성화를 위해 진행하고 있는 사업으로 도농교류 및 지역경제 활성화를 목적으로 하고 있다. 농어촌 테마공원은 농촌지역이 가지고 있는 고유한 자연적,문화적 자원 등을 주제로 지역특색에 맞게끔 다양한 형태의 테마공원을 조성하는 것으로 지역주민의 의견을 적극적으로 수렴하는 상향식 사업으로 진행해 나아가고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 사업의 실질적인 주체인 지역주민의 경우 주민참여형 농환지역개발사업에 대한 이해부족과 상향식 사업에 대한 경험부족 등으로 계획수립 과정에서 소외되고 있는 것 또한 현실이다. 본 연구는 제천지구 농어촌 테마공원 기본계획을 수립하는 과정에서 지역주민의 참여를 우선적으로 고려하였으며,대상지 선정에서부터 주요사업 도출과정에 이르기까지 계획수립의 전과정에서 걸쳐서 지역주민의 참여와 역할에 대해서 언급하고 있다. 따라서 향후 농어촌테마공원뿐만 아니라 농어촌지역계획 수립과 관련한 주민참여형 사업에 기초자료로 활용될 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

플라즈마 표지소자의 제작

이상윤,라병욱,박동수,황인헌,이덕동,신영남,박성배,이동욱,박용석,박형근,손상호,권태근,채경락,정경득 慶北大學校 自然科學大學 1986 自然科學論文集 Vol.4 No.-

An Ac-type Plasma Display Panel (PDP) operating with Ne-Ar(0.1%) Penning mixture gas is fabicated. The characterics of the panel with electrodes covered with thin and thick dielectric layers are studied. The brightness of the Neon-orange light emitted by the panel measured as function of applied voltage and frequency. As an application, a graphic display system equipped with PDP showing still and moving pictures is made.

수입각증후군에 의한 급성 복증 1례

정은욱,지삼룡,이영태,박지훈,김동기,제인수,채두근,박성재,박은택,이연재,이상혁,설상영,정정명 白中央醫療院 2005 仁濟醫學 Vol.26 No.1

Afferent loop syndrome is an uncommon complication of a gastrectomy and Billroth Ⅱ reconstruction. It may cause symtoms at any time from the first postoperative day to many years after the gastrectomy. Afferent loop syndrome is characterized by abdominal pain, vomiting and elevation of serum amylase. Thus, it is difficult to differentiate afferent loop syndrome from other cause of acute pancreatitis. However, the history of gastrectomy can be an important clue for diagnosing afferent loop syndrome. We experienced one case of chronic afferent loop syndrome with acute pancreatitis. After appropriate management, the abdominal pain disappeared and serum amylase level decreased. We report this case with a review of relevant literatures.

인라인 스케이트 이용자들의 손상 유형과 위험 요인

서혜경,문지영,성주욱,김말영,이준호,박정이,차성화,백나영,이재민,김수민,임현술,정해관,배근량,정철 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2004 東國醫學 Vol.11 No.2

지난 몇 년 사이 인라인 스케이트는 젊은층을 중심으로 인기있는 스포츠가 되었으며 이러한 대중화와 더불어 인라인 스케이트와 관련된 사고 빈도도 증가하는 추세이다. 따라서 본 연구는 인라인 스케이트 이용에 따른 사고율과 이용습관 형태, 손상 유형 및 위험 요인을 알아보고자 시행되었다. 2003년 9월 14일부터 9월 24일까지 경주시 ○○초등학교 6학년, ○○중학교 1학년, ○○여자고등학교 1학년, ○○고등학교 1학년, 동국대학교 의과대학 의학과 학생, 경주황성·포항 해맞이 공원의 성인을 포함한 총설문 대상자 1,305명 중 인라인 스케이트 이용자 392명을 대상으로 단면 연구를 수행하였다. 조사에 앞서 병원 방문과 사전 조사를 시행 하였으며 자기 기입식 설문지를 통해 정보를 수집하였다. 초, 중, 고 인라인 스케이트 전체 이용률은 28.1% 사고율은 30.1%로 나왔으며 주로 젊은층에서 사고가 많았으며 나이가 증가할수록 빈도가 증가하였다. 보호 장비 착용률은 44.4%로 조사되었다. 손상 부위로는 무릎과 상지 부위가 많은 것으로 조사되었으며 손상 유형은 찰과상과 타박상이 많았다. 스케이트를 타기 시작한지 1개월 이내에서 사고를 가장 많이 당한 것으로 나타났다. 전체 부상자의 20%가 후유증이 있었던 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 인라인 스케이트 이용자들의 사고율이 비교적 높음을 알 수 있었다. 손상 부위의 무릎 및 상지 집중 현상으로 인해 무릎과 상지 부위의 보호대 착용이 필요할 것으로 생각되며 또한 사고를 줄이기 위해 초기 기술 습득 단계부터 전문가를 통한 체계적 교육과 안전 의식 고양이 필요할 것으로 보인다. In the past several years, Inline skating has become a popular sport among young people. With popularization of Inline skating, the number of injuries has increased proportionately. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of injuries, the behaviors of skating, the nature and risk factors of injuries. We conducted a questionnaire an 1,305 subjects from Sep. 14 to 24, 2003. The Inline skaters were 392. These participation were mainly students from ○○elementary school, ○○middle school, ○○women's high school, ○○high school, Dongguk medical school, and adult skaters in several parks. The prevalence of injuries were 30.1%. Injuries were predominant from younger age and frequencies were increased according to increasing age. The most common location of injuries were both knee and the upper extremities. Most of injury type were skin abrasion and contusion. Injuries were highest within one month after First skating. 20% of injuries experienced a sequela. The results of this study show the severity of Inline skating-related injuries. We expect that the knee and the upper extrimities protectors should be used adequatly. Also to reduce injuries, when the skills are obtainded, the specilized learning programs and safety awareness are needed.

담관 낭선암 1례

박건욱,홍기봉,정재열,노명환,한상영,최석렬,신우원,나서희 동아대학교의과대학 1997 동아의대학술지 Vol.9 No.1

당류중에서 일산화탄소의 발생에 관한 연구

박성우,김남이,서중석,최영남,이광영,양영근 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 1996 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.28 No.-

장기간 항경련제 투여 환자에게서의 신경전도 속도

박영춘,이동국,임정근,이상도,이형 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1993 계명의대학술지 Vol.12 No.3

This study was performed to verify whether or not chronic anticonvulsants therapy(≥12 months ) is associated with peripheral nerve dysfunction in epileptics. Nerve conduction studies were done to 51 epileptics who had been taking long term anticonvulsants therapy over 12 months. The mean age of epileptics was 23 years, and was composed of 29 men and 22 women. The mean nerve conduction velocity(NCV) was not significantly different between epileptics and controls. Compared phenytoin or carbamazepine monotherapy group with controls, the NCV was not significantly different in two groups respectively. In epileptics, the mean NCV was not significantly different between phenytoin and carbamazepine monotherapy group. There was no significant relationship between NCV and duration of therapy with either phenytoin or carbamazepine. In epileptics with phenytoin combined therapy, the mean median sensory NCV was significantly delayed than in those with phenytoin monotherapy.

검도의 변천과 발달과정에 대한 고찰

박장근,김경태,김영학 명지대학교 예체능연구소 1998 藝體能論集 Vol.9 No.-

This study aims at ascertaining what kind of historical vicissitude Korean Swordsmanship, Kumdo has undergone in Korea and how it has grown into a sport match as it is now. In order to achieve these goals, the utility of a sword and the social changes which have made influence on it are focused as a basic viewpoint and perspective. Four problems are thought to be solved; the first is what's the cultural and political meaning of development of a sword, the second is what's the historical vicissitude which the traditional Korean Swordsmanship has undergone, the third is when and how Japanese - created swordsmanship as a sport match was introduced into Korea and how it changed the traditional Korean Swordsmanship, and the fourth is what' s the value and characteristic of Korean Swordsmanship. First, it is necessary to look into the origin and history of the sword. The sword was developed as a living tool at first, but it was changed into a weapon, In the Stone Age, the sword was mainly used as a hunting tool In the Bronze Age and Iron Age, the sword took amain part of weaponry. The bronze dagger was the typical sword type of the Bronze Age. The bronze dagger was originally imported into the Korean Peninsula from the northern tribes in Central Asia and Siberia, but later there appeared a unique type named 'sehyung donggem' In the Bronze Age, a bone dagger was also used as a weapon In the Iron Age, there appeared many kinds of iron swords, which are divided into two categories: the long one and the short. Next, the historical vicissitude of the traditional Korean Swordsmanship has to be examined. The earliest form of Swordsmanship was an aspect of war and conquest in the Bronze Age and Iron Age. In the period of the three Kingdoms(Koguryo, Pagjae, Shille), an advanced form of Swordsmanship started to be developed by soldiers, especially in Koguryo, And 'Bongukgumbup (Swordsmanship of the State)' developed in Shilla is the beginning of the tralitional Korean Swordsmanship. In the early middle age(Korea: ancient Korea), the special forces of Korea named 'Sambyolcho' played an important role in the development of a more advancde form of traditional Korean Swordsmanship. In the late middle age(Chosun), many kinds of books on Swordsmanship were published and the Swordsmanship was adopted as one of the subjects of martial arts in the State Examination. Third, it is important to find out how our modern Swordmanship was intrduced in Korea. Our modern Swordmanship was intoduced as a kind of military arts dy Japanese in the period of their rule over Korea. Japanese prohibited the traditional Korean Swordsmanship and forced their sport-like Swordmanship instead Japanese-created Swordsmanship match(they call it kendo) was originally designed to cultivate mind and body. In the match they use a bamboo sword instead of a genuine one. Since our liberation from Japanese rule, Korean Swordsmanship, which has basically the form of Japanese-created Swordsmanship, has been populstized and has become a daily sport. But it has lost much of its traditional essence as martial arts, for example 'Sangmu' spirit. Fourth and in conclusion, it can be said that Korean Swordsmanship has succeeded in popularization but it needs to restore the secrets and essence of the traditional Korean Swordsmanship and develop its new varaion, which must be not only genetalized and systematic but also theoretically back-upped and functionally enhanccd. To make better Korean Swardsmanship, it is essential to develop new skills and instruments in accordance with our bodily and emotional.

유산균들의 콜레스테를 저하성, 내산성, 내담즙성, 항생제 내성 비교

박소영,고영태,정후길,양진오,정현서,김영배,지근억 한국미생물생명공학회 ( 구 한국산업미생물학회 ) 1996 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.3

기능성 요구르트의 제조에 사용되는 유산균은 인체에 유익한 생리활성과 우수한 생존능력을 보유하고 있는 것이 바람직하다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 유산균주의 산과 담즙 및 항생제에 대한 내성을 조사하였으며 in vitro에서 콜레스테롤 저하능을 조사하였다. In vitro에서 콜레스테롤 저하능이 우수한 13균주를 선발하여 이들의 동결건조 분말을 고 콜레스테롤 식이의 실험쥐에 투여하였다. 그 결과 8균주는 비 투여구보다 유의적으로 18.3~27.3%의 콜레스테롤 저하능을 나타냈다(P≤0.05). 이들 중에서 Bifidobacterium infantis AM-220, Lactobacillus AM-245, Streptococcus MA-1의 3균주를 이용하여 요구르트를 제조한 후 동결건조 분말을 이용하여 급여실험을 수행한 결과, 총 콜레스테롤과 LDL 함량이 유의적으로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. For a probiotic yoghurt it is desirable to utilize lactic acid bacteria with a high survival rate and beneficial function to human beings. We have examined a variety of lactic acid bacteria to assess the acid and bile tolerance and antibiotic resistance. In addition, an in vitro culture experiment was performed to evaluate their ability to reduce cholesterol levels in the growth medium. Thirteen strains were selected from in vitro cholesterol assays and fed to Sprague-Dawley rats with a high-cholesterol diet. Among the 13 strains tested, 8 strains were shown to reduce serum cholesterol levels significantly after 24 days of administration in vivo. Rats were fed lyophilized yoghurt powder fermented with a combination of 3 selected strains: Bifidobacterium infantis AM-220, Lactobacillus AM-245, and Streptococcus MA-1. The levels of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein were significantly lower (p≤0.05) in rats fed the yoghurt powder compared with control group. These studies suggest that yoghurt fermented with appropriately selected lactic acid bacteria may have a anticholesterolemic effect.