동적 Ising 모형의 Monte Carlo 연구

송영수,안준,장광수 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1993 基礎科學硏究 Vol.13 No.-

eThis study is mainly concerned with discussing the basic ideas in applying the Monte Carlo(MC) method to the dynamic critical phenomena and finding the dynamic MC solution of two dimensional kinetic Ising model or Glauber model. In conclusion, we believe that kinetic Ising model constitute resonable approximations to a surprising variety of physical system.

RAPD 분석에 의한 굴참나무 집단의 유전변이 연구

송정호,김남수,이용섭,김영중,송재모,이재선 한국유전학회 2002 Genes & Genomics Vol.24 No.2

Quercus variabilis is one of the most important tree species in both utilization of forest resources and management of forest ecosystem in Korea. To obtain the basic information for the establishment of breeding strategy and efficient management of genetic resources, five populations of Q. variabilis from 89 selected plus trees were studied using POPGENE and AMOVA analysis based on DNA markers focussing on the genetic diversity and variation among populations. The overall polymorphic amplicons were 78.6% and levels of genetic diversity within 5 populations were similar each other (Shannon's Index : 0.289∼0.423 [mean 0.366]). The values of total genetic diversity (H_t) and average gene diversity within population (H_S) were 0.265 and 0.239, respectively. The degree of genetic differentiation (G_st : 0.098) was relatively high compared with those of other tree species. Based on the cluster analysis of UPGMA, genetic relationships among 5 populations were not coincided with the pattern of geographic distribution.

경구면역을 통한 항원 특이적 IgA 항체 합성에 있어 Cholera Toxin과 Alginate-Microsphere의 효과

송민형,유진수,권명상,성승룡,김용희,권익찬,정서영,양재명,김평현 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.3

Secretory (S-IgA) isotype antibody (Ab) is known to play an essential role in the primary defense against various infectious agents in mucosal tissue. However, it has been mostly unsuccessful in the induction of antigen (Ag)-specific IgA Ab response in this site by peroral vaccination. In the present study, we investigated the effect of cholera toxin (CI) as a mucosal adjuvant and alginates-microspheres as a carrier on BSA-specific IgA Ab response in gut-associated lymphoid tissue`(GALT). Peroral immunization of BSA plus CT conferred a great BSA-specific IgA response but IgG response on intestinal fluid (IF). In contrast, intraperitoneal immunization of BSA with Freund's adjuvant readily induced BSA-specific IgG response but IgA response in IF. Further, number of CT specific IgA-secreting cells was substantially increased in mesenteric lymph node when CT-encapsulated-VI alginates-microspheres was administered perorally. Taken together, these results indicate that peroral immunization of soluble antigen in combination of CT or microspheres significantly enhances antigen-specific IgA response in GALT.

비중격 만곡증 및 만성 비후성 비염 환자에서 비중격 성형술과 하비갑개 수술의 치료효과

김용대,서보수,조길성,송시연,윤석근,송계원 영남대학교 기초/임상의학연구소 2001 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.18 No.2

Septoplasty with turbinate surgery is common surgical treatment In patients with septal deviation and chronic hypertrophic rhinitis. The aim of this study was to evaluation objective outcomes of septoplasty with turbinate surgery by analysis of subjective symptom score with objective acoustic rhinometric test before and after surgery, prospectively. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 45 adult patients which were done septoplasty with bilateral turbinectomy or turbinoplasty and followed up at least 3 months by one rhinologist from November 1999 to April 2000, prospectively. We analyzed subjective symptom score. minimal cross-sectional area (MCA) , C-notch cross-sectional area, and total volume of both nasal cavity before and after surgery. Correlation test was studied between symptom improvement and acoustic rhinometric results. Results: Twenty nine cases were male and sixteen cases female. The average age was 26.9 year-old (range: 17 to 57 years). There was significantly improvement of symptom score in postoperative 3 months (p<0.05). There was significantly increased C-notch cross-sectional area and total volume in postoperative 3 months. Symptoms improvement were associated with acoustic rhinometric profiles, but, there was not significantly correlation. Conclusion: Septoplasty with turbinate surgery is considered to be effective for nasal obstruction in patients with septal deviation and turbinate hypertrophy. Acoustic rhinometric test is favorable objective test for evaluation of symptom improvement after septal surgery.

전주산업단지 및 주변지역 VOCs 및 악취물질 모니터링

김용문,박비오,고영삼,심재정,송병식,양고수 전북대학교 공학연구원 ( 구 전북대학교 공업기술연구소 ) 2002 工學硏究 Vol.33 No.-

Important main odorous compounds and VOCs(volatile organic compounds) possibly emitted from the Jeon-Ju Industrial Sites were identified and measured in amount through making air sampling over Jeon-Ju Industrial Sites and analyzing them with the sate of the art analytical instrument. Sampling sites were chosen 8 points by considering the industrial characteristics for the 1,2 Industrial Sites and 2 points for the 3 Industrial. Site Sampling times were two times, the first one was March. 2002 - April. 2002, and the second was May. 2002 - July. 2002. Canister sampling units and polyester bags were used to collect 6 liters air samples during 1hour or 3minutes for VOCs and polyester bags were used to sample 10 - 50 liters of air for 3 minutes depending on analytic characteristics of odor compounds. The important main VOCs were measured as acetone, ethyl benzene, n-hexane, m,p-xylene, toluene, M.E.K.(methyl ethyl ketone), isopropanol, ethyl acetate, o-xylene, n-butyl acetate, ethanol, benzene as in order of average concentration for the Industrial Sites. The main odorous compounds were COS, H2S, CS2, MM(methyl mercaptan), form aldehyde, acetaldehyde for the 1,2 Industrial Sites and COS, H2S, form aldehyde, acetaldehyde were measured as main species for the 3 Industrial Site. NH3 was measured as below the detection limit of the instrument. The concentrations of sulfide compounds for the 1,2 Industrial Sites were relatively higher than ones for the 3 Industrial Site. Among aldehydes, form aldehyde, acetaldehyde were detected very highly as 0.1- 1ppm over all the Industrial Sites.

다제 내성 폐렴구균에 대한 항균제 병합시의 시험관내 항균효과

김수정,이남용,양지원,백경란,김성민,배직현,송재훈 대한감염학회 1997 감염 Vol.29 No.2

목적: 페니실린 및 다제 내성 폐렴구균은 선택할 수 있는 치료제가 제한되어 임상적으로 문제가 되고 있다. 특히 다제 내성 균주에 의한 수막염의 치료에 cephalosporin제 단독요법의 치료 실패가 계속 보고 되면서, 기존 항균제의 병용요법이나 새로 개발되는 항균제에 관심이 모아지고 있다. 특히 국내에서 분리되는 폐렴구균의 페니실린 및 다제 내성율은 이미 세계 최고 수준으로 이러한 치료법의 개발이 더욱 필요한 상황이다. 저자들은 다제 내성 폐렴구균 감염증의 새로운 치료법을 찾고자 국내에서 흔히 사용되는 항균제를 대상으로 time-kill 방법을 이용한 시험관내 synergy 여부를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 :대상균주는 국내에서 분리된 페니실린 감수성인 2균주와 모든 β-lactam 제제에 동시 내성을 보인 다제 내성 5균주이었다. 대상 병용요법은 penicillin+gentamicin, cefotaxime+gentamicin, vancomycin+gentamicin, vancomycin+cefotaxime, vancomycin+imipenem, ampicillin+cefotaxime 등이었다. 각 항균제의 시험 농도는 1/2 MIC로 하였으며, 균 집락수의 측정은 0,4,8,24시간에 시행하였다. 결과:Penicillin+gentamicin, cefotaxime+gentamicin, vancomycin+cefotaxime 등의 병합요법이 시험관내 synergy를 보였으며, vancomycin+gentamicin, vancomycin+imipenem, ampicillin+cefotaxime 등의 병용은 indifference의 결과를 보였다. 결론 본 연구를 통하여 penicillin+gentamicin, cefotaxime+gentamicin, vancomycin+cefotaxime 등의 병용요법이 다제 내성 균주에 대하여 시험관내 synergy를 보임으로써 새로운 치료요법의 대상이 될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 또한 이는 향후 생체 내에서의 약물 상호작용에 대한 동물실험시 응용될 수 있는 기본 자료로 의미가 있을 것으로 생각된다. Background: Penicillin-and multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae became a global problem during recent decades. Multidrug resistance poses a serious threat to clinical medicine due to restriction of selecting appropriate antimicrobial agents to treat with. Current data suggest that any single antimicrobial agent cannot be a satisfactory option to treat pniemococcal infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains, particularly in meningitis. The aim of the study was to assess in vitro efficacy of several antimicrobial combinations which are commonly used in clinical practice, and to obtain reasonable regimens which can be applied to in vivo model. Methods: We performed time-kill studies of antimicrobial combinations including penicillin, cefotaxime, vancomycin, gentamicin, imipenem and ampicillin against five multidrug-resistant strains and two penicillin-susceptible strains. Penicillin, cefotaxime and vancomycin were combined with gentamicin, respectively. Cefotaxime plus vancomycin, imipenem plus vancomycin, and cefotaxime plus ampicillin combinations were also tested. Synergy was defined as a ≥100-fold or 2-log decrease in colony count at 24 h by the combination compared with that by the most active single agent. Result: Penicillin puls gentamicin, cefotaxime plus gentamicin, and vancomycin plus cefotaxime combinations were deminstrated to have in vitro synergistic activities against multidrug-resistant strains. Conclusion: Three combinations showed in vitro synergism against penicillin-resistant pneumococci. Experimental animal study is warranted to determine the clinical relevance of the in vitro results.

국내에서 분리된 Vancomycin 내성 장구균에 대한 분자역학적 연구

김수정,이남용,배직현,이경원,이위교,김의종,최명식,백경란,김성민,송재훈 대한감염학회 1998 감염 Vol.30 No.1

목 적 : 장구균은 병원 감염의 원인균으로서 최근 그 빈도와 중요성이 증가하고 있다. 특히 vancomycin에 내성을 보이는 장구균(VRE)은 효과적인 치료약제가 드물고, 그 내성 유전자가 vancomycin에 감수성을 보이는 다른 장구균이나 그람양성 구균에 전달될 수 있어 임상적인 중요도가 더욱 크다. 본 연구에서는 국내 5개 병원에서 분리된 VRE 균주의 표현형과 유전형을 결정하고, 분자역학적 방법을 이용하여 유전적 연관성 여부를 밝히고자 하였다. 방 법 : 각 병원에서 수집된 균주는 환자의 임상 검체에서 또는 VRE 집락화에 대한 선별검사에서 분리된 균주였다. 이들을 대상으로 vancomycin과 teicoplanin의 MIC를 측정하여 표현형을 결정하였으며, PCR로 vancomycin 내성 유전자를 증폭하여 유전형을 결정하였다. 또한 이들중 vanA와 vanB 유전자를 갖는 균주들을 대상으로 플라스미드 분석과 PFGE를 시행하였다. 결 과 : VRE로 최종 동정된 균주들은 42균주(E. faecium 21주, E. faecalis 6주, E. avium 2주, E. casseliflavus 13주)였으며, 항균제 감수성 양상으로 결정한 표현형은 VanA, VanB, VanC형이 각각 14주(33%), 7주(17%), 21주(50%)였다. PCR로 결정한 유전형은 vanA 12주(E. faecium), vanC 16주 였으며, 이중 VanA의 표현형을 보인 E. faecium 2주가 VanB의 유전형으로 판명된 것을 제외하면 표현형과 유전형은 모두 일치하였다. 플라스미드 분석과 PFGE 결과, 병원내 동일 균주의 전파 가능성이 5개 병원중 3병원에서 증명되었다. 결 론 : 국내 병원에서도 vancomycin 내성 유전자를 갖는 VRE가 다수 분리되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 연구 결과 일부 병원에서 내성균주의 병원내 전파 가능성을 시사하였다. 아직까지 국내에서 VRE로 인한 감여보고는 적지만 곧 임상적으로 문제가 될 것으로 판단되며, 따러서 내성균의 발생이나 확산을 억제하기 위한 노력과 감시가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Background : Enterococci have emerged in recent years as a frequent cause of life-threatening nosocomial infections. The emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci(VRE) presents as an increasingly important problem particularly in the treatment and the potential dissemination of vancomycin-resistance. The purpose of this study is to determine the phenotypes and genotypes of VRE isolated from five hospitals and to study the genetic relatedness among them. Methods : Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and amplification of vancomycin resistance genes were used for phenotyping and genotyping of 42 VRE isolates respectively. For 21 isolates with vanA or vanB gene, plasmid profiles and pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE) patterns were analyzed for molecular epidemiologic study. Results : Out of 42 isolates, 21 were identified as E. faecium, 6 as E. faecalis, 2 as E. avium, and 13 as E. casseliflavus. Phenotyping showed 14 isolates as VanA(33%), 7 as VanB(17%) and 21 as VanC(50%). Genotyping resulted in 12 isolates as VanV(5 of E. faecalis and 7 of e. faecium) and 9 as VanB(all E. faecium). Genotyping results were concordant with phenotyping results except for the two E. faecium isolates of VanA which had VanB genotype. Intrahospital spread of the same strains was proven in three hospitals by plasmid profiles and PFGE analysis. Conclusion : The study demonstrated a considerable number of VRE isolates in Korea and intrahospital spread proven by molecular epidemiologic methods. Although VRE infection has been considered very are in Korea, practical guidelines including restriction of vancomycin usage and surveillance, are warranted to prevent infection and dissemination of VRE.

다발성 뇌경색이 합병된 Pasteurella multocida 심내막염 1예

이남용,고재현,백경란,송재훈,천정학,김성민,이혁,김수정 대한감염학회 1997 감염 Vol.29 No.6

저자들은 평소 건강하였던 환자에서 동물과의 접촉없이 P.multocida에 의한 세균성 심내막염이 발생하여 임상 경과 중 다발성 뇌경색이 합병되었으나, 항균제 투여만으로 완치가 되었던 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 이를 보고하는 바이다. In recent years, an increasing number of infections with Pasteurella multoida in human have been reported, causing a wide range of systemic illness. Infective endocarditis with P.multocida, however, is still quite rare. Recently we experienced a cases of P. multocida endocarditis in a 26-year old man who was admitted because of fever and headache. He denied any recent contact with animals. P. multocida was identified from blood cultures and echocardiography showed mitral regurgitation and vegetations on mitral valve area. He became stuporous on the fourth hospital day and the brain MRI showed acute cerebral infarction. He was treated with penicillin intravenously for six weeks, which successfully controlled clinical features of infections. To our knowledge, this is the first case of P. multocida endocarditis complicated with cerebral infarction in Korea.

수도권 지역 대학병원과 재활병원의 인턴물리치료사간 인턴 만족도 비교

강순희,전수진,정민현,정은송,이범승,최용진 韓國交通大學校 2013 한국교통대학교 논문집 Vol.48 No.-

The purpose of this study was to compare internship satisfaction of intern physical therapists working in the university hospitals with that of them working in the rehabilitation hospitals in Seoul metropolitan area. The questionnaire for internship satisfaction survey that amended from vocational interest test [Strong Interest Inventory(SII)] was used to examine satisfaction of intern physical therapists and the questionnaire was used to ask general characteristics, educational and work environment. Thirty nine intern physical therapists working in university hospital and fifty nine intern physical therapists rehabilitation hospital in Seoul metropolitan area responded. Frequency analysis, χ² test and independent t-test were conducted to evaluate differences between groups about variables of internship satisfaction survey, general characteristics, work and educational environments with using the PASW 18.0 statistical program. The results of the study were as follows. There were significant differences of intern physical therapists between university hospitals and rehabilitation hospitals in overall scores of internship satisfaction and scores of all sub-items such as duty, supervision, working condition, work mates and wages. Intern physical therapists working in the university hospitals showed higher satisfaction than that of Intern physical therapists working in the rehabilitation hospitals.

관상동맥 누공에 의한 급성 심근 경색 1예

서유승,최재웅,송창섭,조용범,양진수,박준섭,정인수 대한내과학회 2003 대한내과학회지 Vol.65 No.2

관상동맥 동정맥루 기형은 매우 드문 질환으로 치료가 불필요한 경우가 대부분이나 coronary steal 현상으로 인해 증상이 발생하거나 합병증이 발생한 환자에 대해선 치료를 요한다. 최근에는 시술에 적합한 누공을 가진 선택된 환자군을 대상으로 카테터를 이용한 중재적 시술이 시행되어 수술적 치료와 유사한 결과를 얻고 있다. 저자들은 젊은 남자에서 관상동맥 동정맥루 기형과 동반된 급성 심근 경색증을 진단하여 비 수술적 방법인 카테타 코일 색전술로 성공적 치료 후 증상 및 심근 재관류에 호전을 보인 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. We report a case of coronary fistula between the left anterior descending and main pulmonary artery complicating acute non-Q wave myocardial infarction. A 27-year-old man visited emergency department because of severe chest pain lasting two hours. The electrocardiogram showed ST segment elevation in precordial leads V3~6. Cardiac enzymes were as follows;CK-MB:36.44 IU/L T-T:0.489 ng/mL, CPK:542 IU/L, and LDH:475 IU/L. The thallium-201 dipyridamole stress perfusion scan showed perfusion defect and reversed redistribution in the anteroseptal wall. The coronary angiogram revealed coronary artery fistula between the proximal left anterior descending artery and main pulmonary artery without significant stenoses of coronary arteries. The result of ergonovine test was negative. After micro-coil embolization to the coronary fistula, symptoms were improved. Follow-up thallium-201 scan showed normalized blood flow in the left anteroseptal wall.