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Optimal design of sustainable irrigation using Soil moisture modeling in Iraq
( Yasser Mohammed Ahmmed ),( Won-ho Nam ) 한국농공학회 2018 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2018 No.-
Soil moisture is a specific factor for the growth of agricultural crops and supports food security. This study aims optimal using for irrigation water by improving application efficiency under low available water conditions. The project area was bordered by the Google Earth software at latitude 34°0801.33, longitude 44°1257.81 and elevation 192 ft., above the sea level. The results of the laboratory analysis of the soil of the study area indicated that the percentage of sand was 22%, the clay content was 31% and the Bulk density was 1.7. Soil water characteristics program (SPAW) was used to determine the soil water relations for a study area. The results showed that soil moisture at field capacity 35.4%, soil moisture at permanent wilt point 19% the water available for crops is 160 mm/m. The irrigation water requirement of major crops in Iraq was wheat, maize, sunflower, soybean over the study years. Where the results of 2012 gave the highest water requirements for crop irrigation. The results were as follows: total net water requirements depth 673, 846, 787, 1004 mm respectively, and the total gross water requirements depth of the project area 747, 940, 875, 1115 mm respectively using the CropWat software. The irrigation schedule proposed by CropWat program has given the peak water requirement during the growing season for soybean 106 mm and the next comes maize 105 mm then sunflower 89 mm. Drip irrigation modeling identified and ranked the drip lines available in the study area with the software Ve.Pro.LG, the drip line Python proved to be one that provides the best uniformity 98% with a loss of water 2% at the plot level, according to the field soil characteristics. A pipeline system has been designed with EPANET software to convey water from the pool (water intake) to the plot area. The pipeline system was fully designed with pipe diameters (270 mm, 200 mm) that make it possible to supply water with a discharge of 79.90 m3/hour and a flow velocity of 1.5 m/s with a pressure of 3.00 m.w.c. at end valves. These features ensure proper operation of the Python model design.
Mosaad Mohamed,Khozamy Ali,Barakat Ahmed Samir,Emran Ihab,Elmeligy Yasser,Abulhamd Alaa 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.5
Study Design: randomized, prospective, and level I clinical study.Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes and radiological findings of revision discectomy alone versus revision discectomy with fusion as surgical treatment for recurrent lumbar disc herniation (RDH).Overview of Literature: RDH is a common complication following a primary discectomy. The optimal surgical procedure for RDH is still debated.Methods: Sixty patients with RDH were randomly divided into two equal groups: the first group underwent revision discectomy alone and the second underwent revision discectomy with fusion. The primary outcomes evaluated were Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for low back and limb pains, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), disc height indexes, foraminal height index, and disc height subsidence. Secondary outcomes included operative time, blood loss, postoperative hospital stay, and complications.Results: Revision discectomy with fusion showed superior pain relief and improved functional outcomes, including better VAS scores for both back and leg pain and ODI at 24-month follow-up. Additionally, it restored the stability of the spine better with lower disc height subsidence without significant complications. However, these advantages came at the cost of increased blood loss and longer operative time and hospital stays.Conclusions: Revision discectomy with fusion is recommended for RDH; however, the choice of the procedure should be made caseby- case basis, considering many factors related to the patient and surgical facilities.
Abdel-Mohsen, Mohamed Ahmed,Ahmed, Omiama Ali,El-Kerm, Yasser Mostafa Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.3
Background: It is well established that mutations in the BRCA1 gene are a major risk factor for breast cancer. Induction of cancer cell death and inhibition of survival are the main principles of cancer therapy. In this context, autophagy may have dual roles in cancer, acting on the one hand as a tumor suppressor and on the other as a mechanism of cell survival that can promote the growth of established tumors. Therefore, understanding the role of autophagy in cancer treatment is critical. Moreover, defects in apoptosis, programmed cell death, may lead to increased resistance to chemotherapy. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to detect BRCA1 gene mutations in order to throw more light on their roles as risk factors for breast cancer in Egypt. Secondly the role of autophagy and apoptosis in determining response to a fluorouracil, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide (FAC) regimen was investigated. Materials and Methods: Forty-five female breast cancer cases and thirty apparently healthy females were enrolled in the present study. Serum levels of autophagic biomarkers, Beclin 1 and LC3 as well as the serum levels of apoptosis biomarkers Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 were measured before and after chemotherapy. Results: BRCA1 mutations were found in 5 (16.7%) and 44 (99.8%) of the controls and cancer patients, the most frequent being 5382insC followed by C61G and 185 delAG. The results revealed that chemotherapy caused elevation in serum concentration levels of the autophagic biomarkers (Beclin 1 and LC3). This elevation was associated with a significant decrease in serum concentration levels of Bcl-2 and significant increase in caspase-3 concentration levels (apoptotic markers). Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate a very high level of BRCA mutations in breast cancer cases in Egypt and point to involvement of autophagic and apoptotic machinery activation in response to FAC chemotherapy.
Magdy Fouad,Yasser Mahrous Fouad,Hamdy Ahmed Mokareb,Dalia Mohammed Abdel-Rehim 대한소화기내시경학회 2018 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.51 No.4
Background/Aims: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is gaining importance in the diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) symptoms. Diagnosis is based on the clinical presentation of esophageal dysfunction and pathological findings in the absence of other causes oftissue eosinophilia. Our study was designed to evaluate EoE prevalence in patients with UGI symptoms in our locality (El-Minia, Egypt). Methods: This single-center, cross-sectional study recruited all patients with UGI symptoms who agreed for endoscopic evaluation. Esophageal biopsy samples were obtained and histological evaluation for the presence of eosinophils was performed for every patient. EoE was defined when at least 15 eosinophils were present in a single high-power field, in the absence of other causes of esophagealeosinophilia. Results: Between 2013 and 2015, 218 of 476 adult patients with UGI symptoms underwent upper endoscopy after giving consent. Amongthe 218 patients, only 4 (1.87%) had the diagnosis of EoE based on the presence of eosinophils in esophageal biopsies and exclusion ofother causes of esophageal eosinophilia. Three patients with EoE presented mainly with dysphagia (75%) and/or other UGI symptoms,such as heartburn. Conclusions: We observed a low prevalence of EoE in our locality. The diagnosis of EoE should be considered in patients withdysphagia and/or heartburn.
A Bioactive Fraction from Streptomyces sp. Enhances Maize Tolerance against Drought Stress
Warrad Mona,Hassan Yasser M.,Mohamed Mahmoud S.M,Hagagy Nashwa,Al-Maghrabi Omar A,Selim Samy,Saleh Ahmed M.,AbdElgawad Hamada 한국미생물·생명공학회 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.8
Drought stress is threatening the growth and productivity of many economical crops. Therefore, it is necessary to establish innovative and efficient approaches for improving crop growth and productivity. Here we investigated the potentials of the cell-free extract of Actinobacteria (Ac) isolated from a semi-arid habitat (Al-Jouf region, Saudi Arabia) to recover the reduction in maize growth and improve the physiological stress tolerance induced by drought. Three Ac isolates were screened for production of secondary metabolites, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The isolate Ac3 revealed the highest levels of flavonoids, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in addition to having abilities to produce siderophores and phytohormones. Based on seed germination experiment, the selected bioactive fraction of Ac3 cell-free extract (F2.7, containing mainly isoquercetin), increased the growth and photosynthesis rate under drought stress. Moreover, F2.7 application significantly alleviated drought stress-induced increases in H2O2, lipid peroxidation (MDA) and protein oxidation (protein carbonyls). It also increased total antioxidant power and molecular antioxidant levels (total ascorbate, glutathione and tocopherols). F2.7 improved the primary metabolism of stressed maize plants; for example, it increased in several individuals of soluble carbohydrates, organic acids, amino acids, and fatty acids. Interestingly, to reduce stress impact, F2.7 accumulated some compatible solutes including total soluble sugars, sucrose and proline. Hence, this comprehensive assessment recommends the potentials of actinobacterial cell-free extract as an alternative ecofriendly approach to improve crop growth and quality under water deficit conditions.
Tarek Elfiky,Nirmal Patil,Mohamed Shawky,Ahmed Siam,Raafat Ragab,Yasser Allam 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.1
Objective: The objective was to compare Cobb angle measurements performed using an Oxford Cobbmeter and digital computer software (Surgimap) in a series of 83 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. Methods: Two independent observers measured the Cobb angles for 123 curves on 83 consecutive long radiographs of patients with AIS using both Oxford Cobbmeter and digital computer software (Surgimap). The measurements were repeated a week. Curves were classified according to the severity into mild, moderate, and severe. The results were statistically analyzed for intraobserver and interobserver reliability Results: The mean Cobb angle was 48.12°±19.75° (range, 10.54°–110.76°). Globally the results of curve measurements were comparable between and within both observers using both methods, with small mean differences. According to intraclass correlation coefficient, there was high inter- and intraobserver high agreement for both methods. All readings were >0.9. There was a good interobserver (κ=0.745, 0.693) and a very good interobserver agreement (κ=0.810, 0.804) for both methods for curve classification. However, poor agreement was observed as regards to the measurement time, being less with Oxford Cobbometer. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the Surgimap digital computer software measurement is an equivalent measuring tool to the Oxford Cobbmeter in Cobb angle measurement. Both have high intra and interobserver agreement for measurement and for curve classification, with small measurement differences. Oxford Cobbmeter is advantageous in being quicker, and therefore it is the method of choice for manual measurement, where PACS (patient archiving and communication system) or digital system is not available.
Zekri, Abdel-Rahman,Youssef, Amira Salah El-Din,Bakr, Yasser Mabrouk,Gabr, Reham Mohamed,El-Rouby, Mahmoud Nour El-Din,Hammad, Ibtisam,Ahmed, Entsar Abd El-Monaem,Marzouk, Hanan Abd El-Haleem,Nabil, M Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.3
Background: Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma using serological markers with better sensitivity and specificity than alpha fetoprotein (AFP) is needed. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum sICAM-1, ${\beta}$-catenin, IL-8, proteasome and sTNFR-II in early detection of HCC. Materials and Methods: Serum levels of IL-8, sICAM-1, sTNFR-II, proteasome and ${\beta}$-catenin were measured by ELISA assay in 479 serum samples from 192 patients with HCC, 96 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), 96 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and 95 healthy controls. Results: Serum levels of proteasome, sICAM-1, ${\beta}$-catenin and ${\alpha}FP$ were significantly elevated in HCC group compared to other groups (P-value<0.001), where serum level of IL-8 was significantly elevated in the LC and HCC groups compared to CHC and control groups (P-value <0.001), while no significant difference was noticed in patients with HCC and LC (P-value=0.09). Serum level of sTNFR-II was significantly elevated in patients with LC compared to HCC, CHC and control groups (P-value <0.001); also it was significantly higher in HCC compared to CHC and control groups (P-value <0.001). ROC curve analysis of the studied markers between HCC and other groups revealed that the serum level of proteasome had sensitivity of 75.9% and specificity of 73.4% at a cut-off value of $0.32{\mu}g/ml$ with AUC 0.803 sICAM-1 at cut off value of 778ng/ml, the sensitivity was 75.8% and the specificity was 71.8% with AUC 0.776. ${\beta}$-catenin had sensitivity and specificity of 70% and 68.6% respectively at a cut off value of 8.75ng/ml with an AUC of 0.729. sTNFR-II showed sensitivity of 86.3% and specificity of 51.8% at a cut off value of 6239.5pg/ml with an AUC of 0.722. IL-8 had sensitivity of 70.4% and specificity of 52.3% at a cut off value of 51.5pg/ml with AUC 0.631. Conclusions: Our data supported the role of proteasome, sICAM-1, sTNFR-II and ${\beta}$-catenin in early detection of HCC. Also, using this panel of serological markers in combination with ${\alpha}FP$ may offer improved diagnostic performance over ${\alpha}FP$ alone in the early detection of HCC.
Tua Halomoan Harahap,Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra,Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary,A. Heri Iswanto,Noor Mohammed Ahmed,Yousra Mahdi Hasan,Saad Ghazi Talib,Purnima Chaudhary,Yasser Fakri Mustafa 대한산업공학회 2022 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.21 No.3
The traveling salesman problem is one of the most well-known hybrid optimization problems. It is one of the (NP-complete) problems that its various applications have theoretically and operationally attracted the attention of re-searchers. Given that the existing optimization methods to solve such problems include many variables and constraints and reduce their practical efficiency in solving problems with larger dimensions, we have seen the use of algorithms in recent decades. In this research, after determining a linear programming model for the asylum seeker problem with asymmetric distances and solving it in Lingo software, I used two ant cloning algorithms and a forbidden search algorithm to solve the problem in large dimensions. By adjusting the parameters of the two algorithms using the Taguchi method to prove the efficiency of the two algorithms, we compared their results by solving the linear programming model in small-dimensional problems. Then, to compare the results and execution time of the two algorithms, we solved the problem in medium and large dimensions.