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Characterizing Helicobacter pylori cagA in Myanmar
( Thein Myint ),( Muhammad Miftahussurur ),( Ratha-korn Vilaichone ),( New Ni ),( Than Than Aye ),( Phawinee Subsomwong ),( Tomohisa Uchida ),( Varocha Mahachai ),( Yoshio Yamaoka ) 대한간학회 2018 Gut and Liver Vol.12 No.1
Background/Aims: Differences in the Helicobacter pylori infection rate are not sufficient to clarify the dissimilarity of gastric cancer incidence between Myanmar and its neighboring countries. To better understand this trend, the H. pylori virulence gene cagA was characterized in Myanmar. Methods: Glutamate-proline-isoleucine-tyrosine-alanine (EPIYA) patterns and CagA multimerization (CM) motifs of cagA genotypes were examined by performing polymerase chain reactions and DNA sequencing. Results: Of 69 tested H. pylori strains, cagA-positive patients had significantly more severe histological scores in their antrum than cagA-negative patients. Sequence analysis revealed that 94.1% of strains had Western-type cagA containing an EPIYA motif (92.6%) or EPIYT motif (6.4%). The intestinal metaplasia scores in the antral of patients infected with the ABC and ABCC types of cagA were significantly higher than those of patients with AB-type cagA. Interestingly, in patients infected with H. pylori, 46.3% of strains with three EPIYA motifs contained two identical Western-typical CM motifs, and these patients showed significantly higher antrum inflammation scores than patients infected with two identical nontypical-CM motif strains (p=0.02). Conclusions: In Myanmarese strains, Western-type cagA was predominant. The presence of CM motifs and the proportion of multiple EPIYA-C segments might partially explain the intermediate gastric cancer risk found in Myanmar. (Gut Liver 2018;12:51-57)
Dawn of Theranostics in Myanmar (Dream, Reality, and Constraint)
Kyin Myint,Tin Maung Thein,Thiri Kyi Phyu,Win Maung 대한핵의학회 2019 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.53 No.1
Prostate cancer is third common malignancy in men of old age (average 65 years) in Myanmar. Currently, serum PSA and bone scan are the markers of choice. Because of the evidence-based, promising success of 68Ga-PSMA PET-CT and 177Lu-PSMA theranostics in prostate cancer worldwide, 99mTc-PSMA SPECT-CT imaging and 177Lu-PSMA therapy has launched as a stepping-stone of theranostics in Myanmar with the available facilities. Twelve cases of prostate cancer patients were imaged with 600 MBq of 99mTc-PSMA I+S SPECT-CT. Four metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (MCRPC) patients with abnormal result were treated with 177Lu-PSMA. The protocol consists of 6–8 GBq of 177Lu-PSMA, three successive doses at interval of 4–6 weeks. Post-therapy SPECT-CT imaging was done. All treated patients were improved by free of bone pain, and fall/rise in serum PSA level. Two patients with extensive skeletal metastases succumbed to complications. The results are well documented and present at the multidisciplinary conferences for clinical awareness. Theranostics in prostate cancer with available facilities is an additional boon to our health care professionals to upgrade cancer management in Myanmar. This paper provides the technology with cost effectiveness and benefit to prostate cancer patients of Myanmar.