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- 저자 : ( Takami Hayashi ) (검색결과 3 건)
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日本における裁判上の離婚原因: 近時の民法改正の動向とともに
( Takami Hayashi ) 아세아여성법학연구소 2001 아세아여성법학 Vol.4 No.-
For many centuries in the West, marriage was regarded as virtually indissoluble. Even today, one or two industrial countries do not recognize cuvorce. Yet these are now isolated examples. Most countries have moved rapidly cowards miling divorce more easily available, No faulr divorce laws were introduced in some countries in the mid-1960s. Since tben many western states have followed suit, although the details vary. The Japanese Divorce Law was strictly fault-based before the commencement of the Family Reform Act of 1947. The Divorce Law was built around the notion chat one spouse was guilty of a matrimonial offence. However, the Family Reform Act of 1947 is based on the no-fault principle. The grounds for divorce are adultery, desertion unknown whereabouts for more than three years, disease of the mind, or other circumstances that prevent the parties from maintaining the matrimonial bond (An. 770 Civil Code Section 1). The latter three grounds ilIustrare the no-fault principle. The former two are regarded as typical examples of rhe dissolution of the marriage bond in Japanese Law, bur not as fault grounds. Even if one of the above-mentioned grounds for divorce exists, a petition can be dismissed, because Arc.770 Civil Code Section 2 prescribes dismissal, if ir appears ro the coure thar the matrimonial bond should be kept. This Ankle has been criricized for giving judges almost unlimited discretion to determine whether to grant the petition for divorce. For many years, a petition for divorce by a guilty spouse was not permitted in Japan. In 1987, the Supreme coutt changed this doctrine and concluded that a marriage that has irretrievably broken down should be brought to end. The dissolution, however, will include the conditions to prevent Dot resulc in grave financial, mental, or social hardship for the espondenc and chijdten. In 1996 the Reform Family Act Biu was introduced. In relation to divorce, It attempts to make che no-faulc pcinciple consiscent. Nociceable changes are the adoption of a new ground, living aparc for five years and a hardship bar. The five years separacion provision plays an impoccant role as an objective measure of irretrievable breakdowd and eliminates the need for expose cheir private lives for proof of cerrain marital breakdown. The Hardship bar will certainly help innocenc respondentS. However, in che usual casc, the financial hardship should be solved with distribution of property on divocce. Mental hardship, on the other hand, is often unavoidable in any divorce. So, a petition should not be easily dismissed. Excessive applicacion of the hardship bar will lead to a tevctsion co the former fault ptinciple. I think the duty of divorce law is not co help an innocenc spouse by maincaining an already-desccoyed marical bond, buc racher co bring an end to such a bond and to procect cbe respondent and children financially and socially. Regrettably, however, institutions fot financial and social support (both public and private) are not sufficient. The Reform Ace Bill of L996 has no provisions co cure chis deficiency. Inscead, ic has chosen a way to dismiss a petition for divotce under a hardship bar. The Reform Act Bill has faced a difficulr time and has noe yet been laid before the earire Diee.
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FOCAL SURFACES AND EVOLUTES OF CURVES IN HYPERBOLIC SPACE
Hayashi, Ryota,Izumiya, Shyuichi,Sato, Takami Korean Mathematical Society 2017 대한수학회논문집 Vol.32 No.1
We define de Sitter focal surfaces and hyperbolic focal surfaces of hyperbolic space curves. As an application of the theory of unfoldings of function germs, we investigate the singularities of these surfaces. For characterizing the singularities of these surfaces, we discover a new hyperbolic invariants and investigate the geometric meanings.
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UNVEILING COMPLEX OUTFLOW STRUCTURE OF UY Aur
PYO, TAE-SOO,HAYASHI, MASAHIKO,BECK, TRACY,DAVIS, CHRISTOPHER J.,TAKAMI, MICHIHIRO The Korean Astronomical Society 2015 天文學論叢 Vol.30 No.2
We present [$Fe\;{\small{II}}$] ${\lambda}1.257{\mu}m$ spectra toward the interacting binary UY Aur with 0".14 angular resolution, obtained with the Near infrared Integral Field Spectrograph (NIFS) combined with the adaptive optics system Altair of the GEMINI observatory. In the [$Fe\;{\small{II}}$] emission, UY Aur A (primary) is brighter than UY Aur B (secondary). The blueshifted and redshifted emission between the primary and secondary show a complicated structure. The radial velocities of the [$Fe\;{\small{II}}$] emission features are similar for UY Aur A and B: ${\sim}-100km\;s^{-1}$ and ${\sim}+130km\;s^{-1}$ for the blueshifted and redshifted components, respectively. Considering the morphologies of the [$Fe\;{\small{II}}$] emissions and bipolar outflow context, we concluded that UY Aur A drives fast and widely opening outflows with an opening angle of ${\sim}90^{\circ}$ while UY Aur B has micro collimated jets.
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