N-acetyl cysteine inhibits H2O2-mediated reduction in the mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells by down-regulating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway

( Daewoo Lee ),( Sung Ho Kook ),( Hyeok Ji ),( Seung Ah Lee ),( Ki Choon Choi ),( Kyung Yeol Lee ),( Jeong Chae Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2015 BMB Reports Vol.48 No.11

There are controversial findings regarding the roles of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway on bone metabolism under oxidative stress. We investigated how Nrf2/HO-1 pathway affects osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells in response to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), or both. Exposing the cells to H2O2 decreased the alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium accumulation, and expression of osteoblast markers, such as osteocalcin and runt-related transcription factor-2. In contrast, H2O2 treatment increased the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the cells. Treatment with hemin, a chemical HO-1 inducer, mimicked the inhibitory effect of H2O2 on osteoblast differentiation by increasing the HO-1 expression and decreasing the osteogenic marker genes. Pretreatment with NAC restored all changes induced by H2O2 to near normal levels in the cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that H2O2-mediated activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway negatively regulates the osteoblast differentiation, which is inhibited by NAC. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(11): 636-641]

정신분열병에 대한 리스페리돈의 효과 및 안정성

이민수,김용구,김영훈,연병길,오병훈,윤도준,윤진상,이철,정희연,강병조,김광수,김동언,김명정,김상훈,김희철,나철,노승호,민경준,박기창,박두병,백기청,백인호,손봉기,손진욱,양병환,양창국,우행원,이정호,이종범,이홍식,임기영,전태연,정영조,정영철,정인과,정인원,지익성,채정호,한상익,한선호,한진희,서광윤 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.1

연구목적 : 본 시험의 목적은 임상시험 시작전에 연구자들을 대상으로 PANSS Workshop을 통하여 PANSS, ESRS에 대한 국내에서의 표준화 작업을 구축하고 새로운 정신병 치료제인 리스페리돈의 효과와 안정성을 재확인하여 리스페리돈 사용에 대한 적정화를 이루는데 있다. 연구방법 : 1996년 4월부터 1996년 9월까지 국내 39개 대학병원 정신과에 입원중인 혹은 증상이 악화되어 입원하는 정신분열병 환자 377명을 대상으로 다시설 개방 연구를 시행하였다. 1주일간의 약물 배설기간을 가진후, 리스페리돈을 8주간 투여하였고, 기준점, 1주, 2주, 4주, 그리고 8주후에 평가되었다. 용량은 제1일에는 리스페리돈 1mg씩 1일 2회, 제2일에는 2mg씩 1일 2회, 제3∼7일에는 3mg씩 1일 2회 투여하였다. 이후 환자의 임상상태에 따라 임의로 증량할 수 있으며, 최대 일일 16mg을 초과하지 않도록 하였다. 추체외로 증상을 조절하기 위한 투약을 허용하였다. 임상증상 및 부작용의 평가는 PANSS(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), CGI(Clinical Global Impression) 그리고 ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale)을 사용하였다. 연구결과 : 377명중 343명(91%)이 8주간의 연구를 완결하였다. 치료 종결시점인 8주후 PANSS 총점수가 20% 이상 호전된 경우를 약물 반응군으로 정의할때, 약물반응군은 81.3%였다. 리스페리돈에 반응하는 예측인자로는 발병연령, 이전의 입원 횟수, 유병기간이 관련 있었다. 리스페리돈은 1주후부터 PANSS양성, 음성, 및 일반정신병리 점수상에 유의한 호전을 보여 효과가 빨랐다. CGI의 경우도 기준점에 비해 1주후부터 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. ESRS의 경우, 파킨슨 평가점수는 기준점과 비교해 투여 1주, 2주, 4주후 유의하게 증가되었다가 8주후 기준점과 차이가 없었다. Dystonia 평가점수는 1주후만 유의한 증가를 보였으며, dyskinesia 평가점수는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 혈압, 맥박수의 생명징후 및 일반 혈액학 검사, 생화학적 검사, 심전도 검사에서 유의한 변화는 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 다시설 개방 임상 연구를 통해 리스페리돈은 정신분열병 환자에서 양성증상뿐만 아니라 음성증상 및 전반적인 증상에도 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. 보다 명확한 평가를 위해서는 다른 항정신병약물과의 이중맹검 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, 또한 장기적 치료에 대한 평가도 함께 이루어져야 하겠다. Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of Korean schizophrenic patients. Method : This multicenter open study included 377 schizophrenic patients drawn from 39 university hospitals. After a wash-out period of 1 week, the schizophrenic patients were treated with risperidone for 8 weeks and evaluated at 5 points ; at baseline, and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. The dose was increased from 2mg/day(1mg twice daily) to 6mg/day(3mg twice daily) during the first week and adjusted to a maximum of 16mg/day over the next 7 weeks according to the patient's clinical response. Medication to control extrapyramidal symptoms was permitted. The psychiatric and neurological status of the patients was assessed by PANSS, CGI, and ESRS scales. Results : 343(91%) of 377 patients completed the 8-week trial period. Clinical improvement, as defined by a 20% or more reduction in total PANSS score at end point, was shown by 81.3% of patients. The predictors of response to risperidone were associated older age, shorter duration of illness, fewer previous hospitalization. Risperidone had rapid onset of action ; a significant decrease of the total PANSS and three PANSS factor(positive, negative, general), and CGI was already noticed at the end of first week. For the ESRS, parkinsonism rating scores were significantly increased until week 4 comparing with baseline. Dystonia rating scores were significantly increased until week 1, and dyskinesia rating scores were not significantly changed during the study. Laboratory parameters including vital sign, EKG, hematological, and biochemical values showed no significant changes during the trial. Conclusions : This study suggests that risperidone is generally safe and effective against both the positive and negative symptoms in our group of patients.

용접입열량에 따른 CO₂용접부의 기계적 특성에 관한 연구

국정한,성호현 한국기술교육대학교 2001 論文集 Vol.8 No.1

ABSTRACT In this study, we investigate the welding characteristics, mechanical properties, stress intensity, fracture strength, and microstructure in the fusion zone of SS400 steels which were welded at four different heat inputs(10, 15, 20, and 25 KJ/cm) using either the flux cored wire (FCW) or solid wire (SW) in the CO2 welding system. Based on arc's stability, spatter, thinned-slag detachment, and bead apperance results, the mechanical properties of the FCW were much better than those of the SW. They decreased as heat increased. The increase of heat input and notch depth result in a decrease of the impact energy.

고관절 전치환술 후 합병된 비구 컵 해리와 동반된 활액낭종 : 증례보고 Case Report

성일보,정국진,박수철,김진호,정형진,황재광,염재광,정병현,안종국 대한고관절학회 2001 Hip and Pelvis Vol.13 No.1

치면세균막에서 분리한 뮤탄스 연쇄상구균 및 Streptococcus anginosus의 수종 항생제에 대한 감수성 조사

국중기,임상수,유소영,황호길 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.5

The aim of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of mutans streptococci (S. mutans and S. sobrinus) and Streptococcus anginosus, for seven antibiotics, penicillin G, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime, erythromycin, bacitracin, and vancomycin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of seven antibiotics against 3 species (type strains) of mutans streptococci and S. anginosus, 10 strains (wild type) of S. mutans, 7 strains (wild type) of S. sobrinus, and 11 strains (wild type) of S. anginosus, were measured by broth dilution method. All of the type strains of mutans streptococci and S. anginosus had the same susceptibility for penicillin G, amoxicillin, cefuroxime and bacitracin. Type strain of S. anginosus was sensitive in ciprofloxacin, but those of mutans streptococci were not. All of the clinical isolates of mutans streptococci and S. anginosus had the same susceptibility for the seven antibiotics. Our data reveal that mutans streptococci and S. anginosus have similar antibiotic-resistant character. In addition. these results may offer the basic data to verify the antibiotic-resistant mechanism of mutans streptococci and S. anginosus.

SS400강 용접부의 파괴인성치에 관한 연구

국정한,송일규,김봉중,오세용,성호현 한국기술교육대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.6 No.1

In this work, we studied the mechanical properties, structure and the stress intensity factor of the welded areas which were annealed from 500。C to 900。C with an interval of 100。C. The main results are as follow. 1. The as-welded specimen showed the highest tensile strength and yield point. The tensile strength and the yield point decrease as the annealing temperature increased from 500。C to 900。C, and they became smaller in the order of deposited metal, heat affected zone and base metal. 2. The hardness was maximum at about 9 mm from the welding center line, and it decreased drastically in the heat affected zone located between 9∼15mm from the center line. 3. The elongation decreased in the order of base metal, the fusion zone and heat affected zone while it increased as annealing temperature increased. 4. The stress intensity factor(S. I. F.) declined as the length of notch increased and it became smaller in the order of fusion zone, base metal and heat affected zone. This is because fracture toughness is affected by brittlization at heat affected zone as well as the initiation and propagation of cracks.

소성변형 부위에서의 피로크랙전파

성호현,송일규,국정한 한국기술교육대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.5 No.1

In this study, the behavior of a fatigue crack propagation near the expanded hole was investigated in terms of the plastic deformation and position of hole with respect to the propagating crack tip. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. The crack propagation rate is high when the crack tip approaches the hole but the retardation effect becomes prolonged when the crack tip is at the very vicinity of the hole. 2. The proper expansion of the hole seemed to play an important role for the retardation of the fatigue crack propagation rate. It is found that 5% of plastic deformation in mild steel show the best effect of the fatigue crack retardation.

이종재료 접합부 선단의 크랙 전파 거동

국정한,성호현,송일규 한국기술교육대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.4 No.1

In this study, the crack behavior around the bonded dissimilar materials is analyzed by using by Finite Element Method(FEM) in case that it approaches or passes through the bonded line perpendicularly. The analysis criterion is based on the energy(△U) when the crack progresses or passes through the bonded line. The variables are the width of dissimilar material and distance from the crack tip to the bonded line. Values of E(Young's modulus), V(Poisson's ratio) and △U(Energy) for base material are different from those(E', V', △U') for dissimilar material. The outcome of this study is obtained by comparing △U with △U'

납 노출 근로자들에서 ALAD 및 VDR의 다형질성이 조혈기능 지표에 미치는 영향

이성수,김남수,김진호,김용배,황보영,김화성,안규동,이병국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Objectives: This study was conducted with new workers who entered lead industries from 1992 to 2001 to evaluate the genetic susceptibility of ALAD (δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase) and VDR (vitamin D receptor) gene on health effect of lead exposure. Methods: Among the subjects of the database of lead industries at the Soonchunhyang University Institute of Industrial Medicine, only new workers were selected for this study. The total of eligible workers for this category was 3,540 workers, including non lead exposed workers of same lead industries. From stored blood in specimen bank of Soonchunhyang University, genotype of ALAD and VDR were measured using PCR method. Variables for this study were blood lead as an index of lead exposure, ZPP (zinc protoporphyrin in blood), urine ALA (δ-aminolevulinic acid), and hemoglobin as an index of hematopoietic effect of lead. Information on sex, job duration, and weight were collected for personal information. The data were analyzed using SAS (version 8.2) with descriptive analysis of t-test and multiple regression analysis. Results: Among 3,540 new employed study subjects during period of 1992-2001, 3,204 workers (90.5%) had ALAD genotype 1-1, while 336 workers (9.5%) had variant type of ALAD (1-2 or 2-2). For VDR genotype, 2,903 workers (89.7%) out of total tested 3,238 workers were belonged to type bb and 335 workers (10.5%) were type bB or BB. The distribution of genotype of ALAD and VDR were not different according to the job duration in male workers, but were different in female workers. The effect of ALAD and VDR genotype on blood lead were positively significant in the analysis of all cumulative data of new employed workers for 10 years. The effect of VDR genotype on blood lead were stronger than that of ALAD While the variant ALAD gene made decrease of mean ZPP and ALA in urine after controlling for blood lead and other covariate, the variant VDR gene made increased the mean ZPP and ALA in urine in all cumulative data analysis and cross sectional analysis by job duration. For hemoglobin, ALAD and VDR genotype did not affect the mean value. Conclusions: From the above our results, we found that ALAD and VDR genotype exerted significant effect in various way. We confirmed that the finding of a cross sectional study of protective effect of variant ALAD on the effect blood lead on blood ZPP in our retrospective study design. It was found that VDR did not exert protective effect for lead exposure as the variant ALAD did.

납 작업자들에서 ALAD 유전자형과 신기능과의 연관성

이성수,김진호,김남수,김화성,안규동,이병국 大韓産業醫學會 2004 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.16 No.2

목적 : δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD)는 다형질성 (polymorphism)의 특성이 있어 유전형질에 따라 남의 인체영향이 다르다고 보고 된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 이 유전인자의 다형질성이 신기능 지표들에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 조사대상으로는 납 취급 사업장에서 납 작업에 종사하는 935명의 남자 근로자들과 동일한 사업장에서 근무하는 비 납 작업자 87명을 선정하였다. 단면적 신기능지표로는 BUN, 혈청 creatinine, 혈청 uric acid, 요중 총단백을 측정하였으며, 납 폭로 지표로는 혈중 납량을 측정하였다. 또한 개인 일반 변수로서 체중, 연령, 직력과 흡연 및 음주습관을 조사하였다. 결과 : 납 작업자 군의 혈중 납의 평균(표준편차)은 25.4±10.9 ㎍/㎗이었으며, 비 납 작업자 군의 평균(표준편차)은 10.1±2.8 ㎍/㎗로서 양 군 간에 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 납 작업자 군에서 이형유전형질인 ALAD2 유전자형을 가진 납 작업자는 99명으로 전체의 10.6%를 차지한 반면, 비 납 작업자 군에서는 ALAD2를 가진 근로자는 4명으로 전체의 4.6%이었으며 양 군 간의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 동형유전형질인 ALAD1 유전자형 군의 혈중 납의 평균(표준편차)은 23.9±11.4 ㎍/㎗ 이었고 ALAD2 유전자형 군의 평균(표준편차)은 25.8±10.7 ㎍/㎗이었으나 양 군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 신기능 지표들인 BUN, 혈청 creatinine, 혈청 uric acid 및 요중 총단백의 평균은 납 작업자 군이나 비 납 작업자 군에서 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 유전형질구분에 따른 차이도 없었다. 연령, 직력, 체중, 음주여부, 흡연여부 및 혈중 납을 통제한 후 BUN의 중위수를 기준으로 중위수이상 유무를 종속변수로 하고 관련변수들을 통제한 후 실시한 logistic 분석에서는 ALAD2 유전자형의 odds ratio가 0.59 (95% 신뢰구간 : 0.38-0.91)이어서 ALAD2 유전자형 군에서 ALAD1 유전자형군보다 41% 적게 중위수를 가질 것으로 판명되었다. 혈청 creatinine의 중위수를 기준으로 중위수이상 유무를 종속변수로 하고 관련변수들을 통제한 후 실시한 logistic 분석에서는 ALAD2 유전자형의 odds ratio가 0.64 (95% 신뢰구간 : 0.40-0.98)이어서 ALAD2 유전자형 군에서 ALAD1 유전자형 군보다 36%가 적게 중위수를 가질 것으로 판명되었다. 결론 : 이상의 결과로 미루어 ALAD2 유전자형이 ALAD1 유전자형보다 납에 의한 체내대사에서 보호효과가 있을 것으로 추정된다. Objecthe: 6-Arninolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) is a polymorphic enzyme that has two alleles, KAD1 (ALADl-1 as genotype) and M A D 2 (ALADI-2 or ALAD2-2 as genotype). AL.lhD genotype has been reported to mod@ the phmacokjnetics and toxicity of lead. The authors investigated the ionuence of ALAD genotype polymorphism on renal function in lead workers Methods: We studied 935 male lead workers and 87 male non-lead workers in the same industries. For cross-sectional renal indices, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, semm uric acid and urine total protein were selected. Blood lead level was also measured an index of lead exposure. Information on weight, age, job duration, and smoking and drinking habits was collected. Results: Whereas the mean blood lead level of lead workers was 25.4f 10.9 PgldL, that of non-lead workers in the same premise was 10.1 f2.8 PgIdL, and the maence between the two groups was statistically signifcant. Whereas the prevalence of the variant allele, &AD2 in 935 lead workers was 10.6%, that in 87 non-lead workers was 4.4%. However there was no d~erence of prevalence between the two groups. The mean blood lead level of subjects with ALlhDl was 23.9f 11.4 Pg/dL, which was slightly lower than that of subjects with ALAD2 (25.8+ 10.7 pgldL). However, this differace was not statistically sigikficant. After adjustment for the covariates, the subjects with ALAD2 dele were 12.8% less &ely to have a median value or more of BUN than subject with ALAD1. Tihe adjusted odds ratio was 0.59 (95% confidence intervat 0.38-0.91). After adjustment for the covarjates, the subjects with ALAD2 allele were 9.3% less Wtely to have a median value or more of serum creatinine than subject with ALADl . The adjusted odds ratio was 0.64 (95% confidence interval; 0.41-0.98). Conclusions: From the above results, it was found that the variant allele, L A D 2 appeared to modify the association of lead and renal function, and that ALAD2 genotype may be supportive for the protective effect of lead.