성폭력 피해자의 목소리 되살리기 : 박지원의 「함양(咸陽) 장수원(張水元) 의옥(疑獄)에 대해 순찰사에게 답한 편지」 연구

황정수 ( Hwang Jeong-soo ) 민족문학사학회·민족문학사연구소 2021 민족문학사연구 Vol.77 No.-

본고는 연암(燕巖) 박지원(朴趾源, 1737∼1805)의 「함양(咸陽) 장수원(張水元) 의옥(疑獄)에 대해 순찰사에게 답한 편지」를 분석함으로써 박지원이 하층 여성 대상 성폭력 사건의 심리에서 어떠한 점을 중시했는지를 살펴보았다. 본고는 작품 분석에서 다음의 측면에 유의하였다. 첫째, 성폭력 사건 판결에서 중시되어야 할 피해자의 목소리를 박지원이 어떻게 담아냈는지 주목하였다. 둘째, 이 작품은 문학사, 생활사, 법제사가 교차하는 텍스트로서, 학제적 방법론을 바탕으로 심층 분석을 수행하였다. 이 작품에서 박지원은 성폭력 피해자 한조롱이 자살하기 전 남긴 머리카락에 주목하였다. 한조롱의 머리카락은 피해 사실을 증언하고자 한 한조롱의 목소리를 상징한다. 머리카락의 의미를 서술함으로써 박지원은 성폭력 피해자를 위한 ‘대신 말하기’의 책무를 수행하였다. 이를 통해 박지원은 피해자를 비난하며 사건을 왜곡하려던 가해자의 시도를 차단하였으며, 공적 담론에서 소홀히 다루어졌던 피해 여성의 감정과 목소리를 표면화하였다. 피해자의 목소리를 중시해야 한다는 박지원의 지향은 그의 법적 판단에도 일관되게 적용되었다. 박지원은 『대명률』의 위핍인치사 조에 따라 가해자 장수원을 사형에 처해야 한다고 생각하면서도, 현실적으로는 성폭력 사건에서 위핍인치사 조 적용에 보수적이었던 정조의 입장을 의식할 수밖에 없었다. 당대의 사법 관행을 염두에 두면서 피해자의 입장이 최대한 반영될 수 있도록 박지원은 위핍인치사에 버금가는 강간 미수의 죄율을 적용하자는 결론을 내렸다. 이러한 결론은 머리카락에 담긴 한조롱의 목소리에 근거한 것으로, 성폭력 피해자의 고통에 대한 박지원의 예민한 감수성을 보여 준다. This article examines Yeon-am(燕巖) Park Ji-won(朴趾源, 1737∼1805)’s perspective on sexual violence toward low class women by analyzing The Letter to Sunchal-sa(巡察使) on Hamyang Jang Soo-won’s Case. The analysis of this prose pays particular attention to the following aspects. First, how Park Ji-won expressed the victim’s voice in this letter, which is a crucial element in the case of a sexual violence. Second, taking an interdisciplinary approach to this work, since it is a literary, life history, as well as a legal history text. In this work, Park Ji-won paid attention to the sexual violence victim Han Jo-rong’s hair, which she left before committing suicide. Han Jo-rong’s hair represents Han’s voice and desire to testify her pain as a victim of sexual violence. Through narrating the meaning of her hair, Park Ji-won carried out his responsibility for ‘speaking for the other.’ It blocked the assailant’s attempt to blame the victim and distort the truth and allowed the female victim’s voice heard, which was often neglected in public discourse. Park Ji-won’s belief that the victim’s voice should be regarded important was also reflected in his legal judgment of this case. Though he thought that the assailant Jang Soo-won should be executed according to wee-peep-in-chi-sa(威逼人致死: harassment leading to death) clause of The Great Ming Code(大明律), Park practically had to consider Jung-jo’s conservative attitude in applying this clause to sexual violence cases. Park tried to consider the position of the victim as much as possible when determining Jang’s sentence, while keeping in mind the judicial practice of the time. Therefore, he concluded Jang should be punished for attempted rape, which was second in severity to the wee-peep-in-chi-sa crime. His conclusion was based on the voice of Han Jo-rong which was implied in her hair, and it shows his keen sensitivity to the pain of the sexual violence victim.

카드뮴에 의해 유발된 흰쥐 고환의 미세구조 및 단백질 변화

황일면,한승로,정옥,김수일,이영호,김원식 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 2000 충남의대잡지 Vol.27 No.2

Although cadmium is a well known heavy metal which attacks testis and results male infertility, the mechanism of action in the testis is'nt still fully known. In the previous experiment, authors observed morphological changes in the testis, and found cadmium-induced death of all the spermatogenic cells and hemorrhagic necrosis within the seminiferous tubules, and apoptosis and death of interstitial cells and fibroblasts in the interstitial tissue of the testis. In this experiment, cadmium chloride (4 mg/kg of body weight) administered to the adult male rats(Sprague-Dawlcy) intraperitoneally and sacrificed 1 week after treatment. And electrophoresis, immunoprecipitation and Western blotting, and N-terminal analysis were performed to find the proteins changed after cadmium treatment in the testis. And the results were as follows; 1. Two proteins of molecular weight 42kDa and 21kDa disappeared after cadmium treatment. 2. The protein of 2lkDa was rat collagen type I alpha 2. According to the above results, it was considered that cadmium degraded the collagen fibers within the wall of small blood vessels in seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissues and disrupted vascular walls, which resulted hemorrhagic necrosis, death of all the spermatogenic cells, and the death of interstitial cells and fibroblastic cells.

국가수준 학교평가제도의 법적 근거 및 정당성 고찰

鄭秀炫,黃浚盛 대한교육법학회 2002 敎育 法學 硏究 Vol.14 No.2

In the new society of 21st century, creativity should be emphasized in education. And autonomy and diversity are significantly important to cultivate creativity. In this respect, autonomy of the school and school-based management are very crucial in improving the quality of education. However, such autonomy requires accountability, and a schools accountability should be evaluated to improve the school system. Many countries are making diverse efforts to evaluate the quality of educational institutes and schools. School evaluation can be defined as a process in which activities being performed at a school site are examined and professional advices and support are provided. Therefore, school evaluation should redefine its objectives as enlargement of autonomy of a school, enhancement of excellence in education, improvement of efficiency in management, and greater accountability of schools. The purpose of this study is to present the legal basis and validity of school evaluation at a national level under modern public educational system and educational law. In the study, first of all, meaning and background of school evaluation at national level are investigated. In the second, the legal basis of school evaluation at a national level is analyzed, which is prescribed in The Elementary and Secondary Education Law(§9) and ordinance concerned. In the third, the relationship between citizens' educational right and nation's right of evaluation of each school is studies. The study concludes that school evaluation at a national level enhance the people's right to receive education, notwithstanding the possibility of dispute among individuals concerned with public educational system.

포괄수가지불제도 적용에 따른 산부인과 진료수입의 변화

황태연,유병철,정귀언,정수진,김성준,배기택,손혜숙,이종태,전진호,엄상화 인제대학교 2001 仁濟醫學 Vol.22 No.1

Objectives: Under the fee-for-service system, Korean hospitals have been suffering from the worsening profitability caused by law medical care fees. To overcome the difficulties, they have maximized the quantity of medical services and made relatively large investment in developing new medical services using high-priced medical equipment, medicines and medical supplies which were not covered by medical insurance system rather than reduced running costs. Materials and Methods: This study was made to analyze and forecast the revenue change of the department of Obstetrics and gynecology of an university hospital in Seoul, expecting the implementation of DRG system in 2000. Results: The results were as follows : 1.During the first two days of hospitalization. 41% of total medical service fee was occurred, which was thought that most of the check-ups and operations were made during this period. After two days of hospitalization, the new occurrence of medical service fee tended to reduce. 2.Out of total medical service fee, 67% of admission fee was occurred after 5 days of hospitalization. This was because medical service fees in obstetrics and gynecology department occurred during the first 5 days of hospitalization. 3.Out of fees for operation, treatment, medical supplies and blood transfusion. 71% was occurred during the first two days. 4. In case of fees for examination, 50% was occurred during the first two days. 5.A total of 53% of fees for medication and injection was occurred during the first 5 days. Conclusions: By the implementation of the DRG system, the income is forecast to increase by 800 won to 310,000 won by the disease group of obstetrics and gynecology department. To increase hospital income with the implementation of DRG system, the results of this study suggest that examinations should be done at out-patient departments before the hospitalization of patient, the discharge of patient should be noticed in advance to reduce the period of hospitalization, and admission appointment system should be implemented for the immediate operation and delivery.

고온에서 회전하는 터빈엔진 디스크의 응력해석

황수철,국정한,조재웅,하영민 한국공작기계학회 1995 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.4 No.4

This study includes thermal plasticity analyses for a turbine rotor with the simple geometry and the boundary conditions. When centrifugal or thermal stress are applied at the high temperarture material of engine blade, stress distributions in material σ_rr, σ_θθ, τ_rθ. Mises stress) are analyzed by computer simulation(ABAQUS) as followings; 1. The maximum stress at the radial direction (σ_rr) is applied at the upper middle part of spline hole. 2. The maximum stress at the tangential direction (σ_θθ) is applied at the upper right boundary of spline hole. 3. The maximum shear stress (τrθ) in (-) direction is applied at the upper middle part of spline hole. 4. The maximum Mises stress is applied at the upper right boundary of spline hole. This stress is due to the critical stress by which rotor can be fractured according to elapsed time.

매독항체 효소면역 검사시약 ‘동아 시필리스’의 평가

최수진,오흥범,오선영,황유성,이정환 大韓輸血學會 1999 大韓輸血學會誌 Vol.10 No.2

칼라 화상 합성을 위한 윤곽선 추출 고속화 알고리즘에 관한 연구

황인선,김희수,박경우,조정래,위승정 광주보건대학 1998 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

This Paper describes a contour extraction algorithm for color image composition. When a new image is compoended with an object cut from many images, it is important to extract contour f the object. The principal way of extracting contour suggested the method that the contour of an object is drawn with a thick line, and the line is made a thin line by spacial differental value if input image. But in that case, as there is an defect which takes processing the above mentioned method.

영도구 자원봉사활동 활성화 방안 연구

류황건,김수정,이동은 고신대학교 영도발전연구소 2003 영도연구 Vol.5 No.-

The importance of volunteering service activity has greatly come to the front as a value to comprehensive politics, economy, society and culture and supplement. On 'the year of world volunteers', the organized 'Korea Commission' is in active service, and ahead of the 2002 Korean and Japanese World Cup, many efforts are being made for enacting 'the Support Law of Volunteering Service Activity' while the boom of volunteering activity is formed. The purpose of this study was to improve the volunteer activities in Yeongdo-Gu, Busan. The surveys were conducted by nongovernment organizations, religious organizations, elementary schools, middle schools, high schools, universities and individual volunteers. The statistical analysis was used descriptive statistics by using SAS 10.2 program. The results of these surveys are summarized as follows: First,a membership of Yeongdo-Gu Volunteering Service Center established in 1997 is 1,277(man 634, woman 643) and its roles are to network with welfare facilities, to enhance the participating rate of citizens, and to educate volunteers and so forth. Second, as a result of individual volunteers survey, the subject of analysis were a total 64 cases of 45(70.3%) male and 19(29.7) female, their occupations are students 32(50.8%), housekeeper 13(20.6%). Third, Volunteers were participating in various fields of volunteer including social welfare, environment, transportation, health, culture and art. Thus operation plans to activate Yeongdo-Gu Volunteer activities are proposed as follows. First, it is necessary for assurance of volunteering resource in community and volunteering network construction for efficiency management. Second, it is also necessary for assurance of training program for volunteer.

梅泉 黃玹 交遊詩 硏究

황수정 한국고시가문학회 2004 한국시가문화연구 Vol.0 No.14

This is a study on Gyo-yu-si(poetry on personal relations) of Mae-chun. This study focuses on: verses on love for his poor and unlucky teachers, friendship shown through poetic arguments with friends, affection toward lifelong friends in order to understand the world of his poetry. First, he represents the love toward poor teachers. The verse of Wang-sa-gak describes love deploring frustrating social condition at that time. And the verse of Gang-we describes anxiety about the limited social positions. Second, he describes the love toward friends through poetic arguments. The verses about Wang-sa-chan and Lee Jeong-jik deal with friendship toward those who are self-complacent. The verse about Lee Gi describes the love toward his strong intention to save the country. Third, he represents affection toward friends. The verse about Kim Tack-Young describes constant trust. The verse about Lee Gun-Chang describes the love toward a friend who recognizes his thoughts and ability. The verse about Ryu Je-Yang describes the spectacular scenery and elegance of his hometown. Through examination of the verses, this study identifies the meaning of the love represented in Maechon's verses.

ISO 9000 시리즈를 이용한 대학평가시스템

황승국,우정열,강성수 경남대학교 공업기술연구소 2001 硏究論文集 Vol.19 No.-

본 논문의 목적은 ISO 9000 시리즈를 이용하여 대학평가시스템을 개발하는 것이다. 여기서는 품질 기능전개의 각 단계에서의 평가방법의 개념을 사용한다. 대학에서의 교육행정과 평가영역에 대한 가중치는 주어진다. 개발된 평가시스템을 사용하여 대학평가시스템 현재수준에 대한 평가점수를 얻을 수 있다. 이 방법은 대학평가시스템의 운영과 개선에 도움을 줄 것이다. 수치 예의 설명을 통하여 이 방법의 효과를 보인다. The purpose of this paper is to develop an university evaluation system using ISO 9000 Series. Here, we use the concept from the evaluation method in each stage of Quality Function Deployment. The weights for education and administration and the evaluation sector in university was given. Using the evaluation system developed, we can acquire the evaluated score for the present level of the university quality system. This method will help to manage and improve the university quality system. We show the efficiency of this method by illustrating numerical example.