한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

중탄산나트륨 투여 후 간헐적 무산소 운동 시 혈장 Creatinekinase 활성도 변화와 무산소성 파워와의 상관관계

장창현,김승권,최승준 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate ingestion on creatinekinase activity and cm-relationship between creatinekinase activity and anaerobic power with elite Taekwondo authletic during intermittent high-intensity exercise. The subjects were 20 elite Taekwondo authletic in high school. All gave informed consent. and the study was approved by participated all subjects. The subject performed repeat anaerobic test(one having water with placebo, another water with sodium bicarbonate). Blood samples were collected and analysed at the following time: pre ingestion. 90 minute. immediately pre-exercise and past-exercise. Each blood sample was collected from the earlobe in a heparinised capillary tube. The data were analyzed by one-way repeated ANOVA for identifying differences of means between within each group and analyzed by correlationship between creatinekinase activity and anaerobic power. The significant level was set at α=.05 to verify the hypothesis. The conclusions of this study were drawn as follows: First, creatinekicase activity after bicarbonate ingestion group was riot significantly than following the placebo group on within group(p>.05). Second, creatinekicase activity after bicarbonate ingestion group was riot significantly than following the placebo group on between within group(p>.05). Third. there were not significant difference between creatinekinase activity and anaerobic power on between group. In conclusion. it could be seen that sodium bicarbonate ingestion was not statistically significant the creatinekinase activity and correlationship between creatinekinase activity arid anaerobic power. But ANCOVA result suggest that the ingestion of sodium bicarbonate may positively effected of muascle-membrane damage.

IMF경제위기 전후에 있어서 대학생들의 교양체육에 대한 선호도 비교

장창현,김승권 한국사회체육학회 1998 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.10 No.1

韓·中동시통역에서 특히 언어 구조 및 습관의 차이가 문제시되는 것은 바로 통역의 同時性 확보에 장애가 되기 때문이다. 우선 언어 구조에서 한국어와 중국어의 목적어­술어 : 술어­빈어의 위치 역전 현상은 번역이나 순차통역의 경우 극복 가능한 장애물에 불과하지만 동시통역에서는 동시성 확보를 어렵게 하는 주범이다. 따라서 이하 語順 倒置, 省略과 添加, 長文의 短文化는 바로 구조차이를 극복하기 위한 방법의 一種임을 지적하고자 한다. 다음으로 縮譯과 重譯 역시 동시통역이라는 제한된 狀況下에 적용되는 방법이라는 점도 밝혀둔다. General survey questions were asked before(August, 1997) and under(August, 1998) the IMF economic crisis to the university students attended at the S university to find out the changes of the preference to the general physical activity course. Total of 765 students(383 male and 382 female) were involved in the surveying process. The variables analyzed were the best day and time of attendance, the most preferred sports, the number of courses to take before graduate, the intensity of exercise, and the reason to quit exercising. It was concluded that there was no significant difference in the factors of the general physical activity course between pre- and post-IMF economic crisis. Male students showed more sensitive reaction than female students. It was shown that the students tended to stay at the school more longer during the weekday and tended to stay out of the school during the weekends. Female students preferred similar subjects both pre- and post IMF economic crisis while male students preferred newer and simple indoor activities as well as current seasonal sports. The number of courses wanted to take before graduate and the intensity of exercise were decreased after the IMF economic crisis. It was thought to be essential to develop a newer and higher quality physical activity programs and to advertise the importance of the lifetime sports to enhance the social acknowledgement.

Plyometric Training 박스의 높이 차이가 남자 핸드볼 선수의 점프력에 미치는 영향

장창현,김승권,한주욱 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

Twenty four male middle school and high school handball players were involved an adapted Plyometric Training program which was composed of depth jump and box jump, 3 days a week for B weeks. The jump ability factor before and after the training was analyzed, and the following conclusions were drawn 1. The group trained with higher box showed greater increase in their vertical jump ability than the group trained with lower box for both middle and high school players. 2. The group trained with higher box showed greater increase in their vertical running jump ability than the group trained with lower box for both Middle and high school players. 3. The group trained with higher box showed greater increase in the ability of staying in the air than the group trained with lower box for both middle and high school players. 4. The middle school players showed greater increase in the jump ability than the high school students.

건물의 에너지 효율을 위한 건축적 계획 방법 연구 : 자연실온과 환경 디자인 요소의 상관도 분석을 중심으로 Focused on Correlation Analysis of NART and Environmental Design Factors

장용성,이현수,서승직,박효순 대한건축학회 2005 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.21 No.2

This study intends to deriving the equation of non-airconditioned room temperature(hereafter referred to as NART) prediction from the correlation analysis of the influence of environmental design factors on the building. The relation between the NART and environmental design factors was analysed by using correlation coefficients. The equation of NART prediction was derived from the regression analysis by experimentation and simulation. In this study, the main results are summarized as follows: The average NART of experiment and simulation were evaluated to 22.0℃ and 22.6℃, respectively. An error of simulation was the 2.7%. The results from correlation analysis was con-elated with the daily average outdoor temperature, soil temperature, solar intensity, relative humidity, and air velocity in order. Con-elation coefficients of the daily average outdoor temperature, NART, and peak air conditioning load were over the 0.75. According to the sensitivity analysis of environmental design factors and air conditioning load in reference model, the influence of air infiltration and window surface ratio were more than outside insultion.

폐경후 여성의 골밀도와 골대사 전환의 관계

장창현,김승권 선문대학교 첨단과학기술연구소 1999 첨단과학기술연구소 논문집 Vol.4 No.-

본 연구는 서울에 거주하는 페경초기의 여성들(N=50)에 있어서 연령대비한 골밀도가 높은 집단과 낮은 집단에 대한 골대사전환의 요인간 차이가 있는지를 규명하기 위하여 요부와 대퇴골밀도를 측정하였으며 골대사요인으로서는 osteocalsin, deoxypyridinoline, estrogen, calcitonin, ALP, Ca, P를 채택하였다. 집단간 요부 및 대퇴 골밀도와 골대사 전환요인은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 골밀도가 높은 집단이 골밀도가 낮은 집단보다 체중과 제지방체중의 수치가 높았다. 요부 골밀도가 높은 집단이 낮은 집단보다 골형성지표인 osteocalisin의 수치가 높았고 골소실지표인 deoxypyridinoline은 낮은 수치를 보였으며, ALP와 Ca의 수치는 낮은 집단이 높게 나타나 빠른 골대사회전을 보였다. 대퇴골두 골밀도는 요부 골밀도와 다른 경향을 보이는데, 폐경초기의 여성에게서는 요부 골밀도가 더 민감한 자료이다. 이상의 결과에서 폐경초기 여성들의 예후적인 골밀도에는 요부 골밀도와 osteocalisin, deoxypyridinoline, ALP, Ca이 유용한 자료로 나타났으며 많은 피검자수, 식이요법, 신체활동량, 생활양상 등을 결부한다면 좀 더 정확한 해석을 할 수 있으리라 생각된다.

partial pulpotomy를 이용한 미성숙 영구치의 치수 치료: 증례 보고

장기택,노승철,한세현,김정욱,김용수 大韓小兒齒科學會 1999 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

치수치료의 주요한 목적은 구강조직의 본래의 건강을 유지하는 것이며, 치수치료 시 가장 중요하고 어려운 점은 치수조직의 건강상태 또는 염증의 정도를 결정함으로써 최선의 치료방법을 결정하는 것이다. 미성숙 영구치는 풍부한 혈류 공급으로 다양한 손상에 성공적으로 반응하게끔 치수의 능력을 향상시킴으로써 많은 치수치료 술식을 위한 좋은 조건을 가지고 있다. 기저재(base) 또는 이장재(liner), 간접 치수복조술, 직접 치수복조술, 그리고 치경부 치수절단술을 포함한 여러 종류의 보존적인 치수치료가 미성숙 영구치를 위해 추천되어 왔다. 근래에는 외상으로 인하여 치수노출된 영구절치를 치료하는데 있어 주로 제시된 부분 치수절단술(partial pulpotomy)이 우식으로 인해 치수노출된 영구대구치를 치료하는 또다른 술식으로 제안되고 있다. 부분 치수절단술 후 치아가 다음의 criteria를 만족시킬 때 치유가 되었다고 결론지었다. 1. 임상적 무증상 2. dentin bridge 형성의 방사선학적 증거 3. 방사선상에 치수내 또는 치근단 병소가 없다는 증거 4. 지속적인 치근 발육과 미성숙 치아의 치근첨 형성 5. 성숙된 치아에서 정상적인 상아질의 축적 6. 전기치수검사에서 양성 반응 이에 저자는 미성숙 영구치에서 우식 또는 외상으로 인한 치수노출시 부분 치수절단술을 행하여 양호한 결과를 얻었기에 이를 보고하는 바이다. The primary objective of pulp treatment is to maintain the integrity and health of the oral tissues. The most important and difficult aspect of pulp therapy is determining the health of the pulp, or its stage of inflammation, so that a decision can be made regarding the best form of treatment. Immature permanent teeth are good candidates for many pulp healing procedures, due to their rich blood supply, which is believed to enhance the pulp's ability to react successfully to various insults. Healing was considered to have taken place when the tooth fulfilled the following criteria: 1. Abscence of clinical symtoms 2. Radiographic evidence of dentin bridge formation 3. No intrapulpal or periapical pathosis was evident radiographically 4. Continued root development and closure of the apex in immature teeth 5. Normal dentin apposition in mature teeth 6. Positive response to electrical pulp test This presents a report of cases in which immature permanent teeth, pulp-exposed by caries or trauma, was treated successfully by partial pulpotomy

Global-MAHN에서 라우팅 오버헤드 개선에 대한 연구

張良根,金玄旭,李光培,吳世德,裵振勝,金在浩 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2007 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.26 No.-

In this Paper, we studied the mechanism that increases the network reliability and decreases network load in GMAHN environment based on the AODV routing protocol. This proposed algorithm is the research on the algorithm, minimizing network overhead by preventing unnecessary network overhead previously and adapting Local repair mechanism to efficient data transmission when route error happens in network, in GMAHN environment. To evaluate the proposed algorithm's performance, we analyzed the proposed algorithm and adapting in various experiment environment according to 5 experiment viewpoint such as node movement, gateway network zone, mobile node number, flow number. After evaluating the experiment, we confirmed better network improvement altogether through following result such as total average data reception rate's increase, average data transmission time's decrease, network overhead's decrease than existing GMAHN algorithm.

운동선수들의 상태불안과 특성불안 수준에 관한 연구

장창현,김석일,김성욱 한국스포츠리서치 2000 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.11 No.3

The primary purpose of this investigation was to determine the difference of state anxiety level on exercise abilities. exercise careers and trait anxiety level of university male athletes. Individual(n=14) and team (n=124) university male athletes constituted sample of the study, their age range being 17 to 23 years with a mean age of 20.15 yr. 138 university male athletes were divided into elite athlete group and non-elite athlete group according to exercise abilities. On the other hand athletes were divided into high group. middle group and low group according to exercise careers and trait anxiety level. State-trait anxiety completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) on two occasions at common practice(7 day prior to actual game) and before game(1 course prior to actual game). The STAI was chosen as the major indicator of anxiety. It can be admin istered repeatedly to the same group of subjects. contained separate scales for STAI-S and trait anxiety (STAI-T). and has been used in other studies of exercise and anxiety. Analysis of the result showed that the elite athlete group. high exercise career group and low trait anxiety group and lower state anxiety scores than the non-elite athlete group, low exercise career group and high trait anxiety group on two occasions measures.

실직자의 전환학습과 관련 변인

장현진,나승일 한국농업교육학회 2008 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.40 No.3

이 연구의 목적은 우리나라 실직자들의 전환학습 수준을 측정하고, 실직자의 전환학습과 관련된 변인틀과 그들의 설명력을 구명하는 데 있었다. 이 연구의 모집단은 직업에 종사하다가 그만둔 사람 가운데 정년퇴직을 제외한 모든 성인 실직자들이며, 접근의 어려움으로 전직실업자훈련프로그램 가운데 조사시점의 719개 프로그램에 참여하는 실직자를 목표모집단으로 설정하였다. 표집은 군집표집방법을 사용하여 34개 전직실업자훈련프로그램에 참여하는 630명의 실직자를 표본으로 선정하였다. 자료의 수집은 우편조사와 방문조사를 통해 이루어졌으며, 최종분석에서는 체크가 불량한 67부의 설문지를 제외한 총 410부가 활용되었다. 자료의 분석은 기술통계 및 추리통계를 사용하였으며, 통계적 유의수준 0.05 를 기준으로 판단하였다. 이 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 실직자들의 전환학습 과정은 자기성찰(2단계), 대안탐구(5단계), 새로운 행동 계획(6단계)이 상대적으로 높게 이루어지며, 실직자들의 전환학습 수준은 이론적 평균(보통)보다 약간 높은 수준이다. 둘째, 실직자들의 전환학습은 경쟁력과 자신감 구축(9단계)과 높은 상관을 보이며, 의미관점별 비판적 반성(3단계), 전환과정의 공유(4단계), 새로운 행동 계획(6단계), 지식과 기술의 습득(7단계) 과는 중간정도의 상관을 보인다. 셋째, 실직자들의 전환학습에 대한 관련변인들의 설명력은 52.1%이며, 각 변인별 영향력의 중요도는 경쟁력과 자신감 구축(9단계)이 가장 높고, 다음으로 전환 과정의 공유(4단계), 의미관점별 비판적 반성(3단계), 배우자의 경제력, 실직 당시 직업능력의 순이다. The purpose of this study was to measure the levels of transformative learning(TL) and to identify related variables, which were germane to job losers. The population for this study was adult job losers excluding someone who retired due to the age limit. Because the exact number of job losers in Korea could not be identified, this study was restricted to the target population of the job losers participated in 719 re-employment training programs at the period of the survey. A sample of 630 job losers in 34 re-employment training programs was selected from the target population by using of one stage cluster sampling. The data were collected through mail survey and on-site interview. Finally, the data from 410 respondents were used for the data analysis after exploring that all respondents answered the survey instrument honestly. Descriptive and inferential statistics were introduced for the data analysis. In each statistical analysis, a p-value of .05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. The major conclusions of the study were as follows: First, the levels of transformative learning process(TLP) of job losers were high in step 2) self-examination, step 5) exploration of options, and step 6) planning of a course of action. Overall level of TL of job losers was a little above the theoretical mean. Second, higher level of correlation was identified between TL and TLP step 9) and medium level of correlations were identified among TL and TLP step 3), 4), 6) and 7). Third, the associated variables explained 52.1 % of TL of job losers. TLP step 9) building of competence and self-confidence explained the most of the TL, and step 4) recognition of the transformation process, step 3) critical reflection of meaning perspectives, economic status of the spouse, and occupational competency at the period of job loss were next four important variables which explained last proportion of the TL.