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Roger Li,Firas G. Petros,Janet B. Kukreja,Stephen B. Williams,John W. Davis 대한비뇨의학회 2016 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.57 No.-
The practice of extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) remains one of the most controversial topics in the management of clinically localized prostate cancer. Although most urologists agree on its benefit for staging and prognostication, the role of the ePLND in cancer control continues to be debated. The increased perioperative morbidity makes it unpalatable, especially in patients with low likelihood of lymph node disease. With the advent of robotic assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy, many surgeons were slow to adopt ePLND in the robotic setting. In this study, we summarize the evidence for the prognostic and therapeutic roles of ePLND, review the clinical tools used for lymph node metastasis prediction and survey the numerous experiences of ePLND compiled by robotic urologic surgeons over the years.
Roger Iván Rodríguez-Vivas,Gertrudis del Socorro Basto-Estrella,Enrique Reyes-Novelo,William Arcila-Fuentes,Melina Ojeda-Chi,Iris Trinidad-Martínez,Imelda Martínez-M 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.1
Macrocyclic lactones can have adverse effects in dung beetles exposed to manure containing them. An assessment of the survival and fertility of adult Onthophagus landolti Harold fed with manure from cows treated with moxidectin was performed, as well as the emergence rate of the imagoes from the masses. Three cows (Bos indicus x B. taurus) were subcutaneously injected with 1% moxidectin (0.2 mg kg −1 b.w.) and another three were injected with 10% moxidectin (1.0 mg/kg −1 b.w.). Manure was collected from these animals one day prior to moxidectin administration, five days post-treatment in the 1% and 10% treatments, and fourteen days in the 10% treatment. Four bioassays were done: a control using manure without moxidectin; 1% moxidectin at five days post-treatment; 10% moxidectin at five days post-treatment; and 10% moxidectin at fourteen days posttreatment. In each replicate, for each pair of adult O. landolti was daily fed with 30 g manure according to the treatments. No lethal effects were observed in any of the four treatments. Sub-lethal effects (P < .05) were present in the 10% moxidectin treatments at five and fourteen days post-treatment. Fecundity was reduced by 78.2% at five days and 54.9% at fourteen days, and imago emergence was negatively affected at both times. Current moxidectin application methods may have negative effects on the environmental services provided by dung beetles, and therefore need to be modified to minimize any impacts they might have on these vital members of tropical livestock systems
Rogers, Yvonne,Lim, Youn-kyung,Hazlewood, William R.,Marshall, Paul Taylor Francis 2009 Human-computer interaction Vol.24 No.1
<P> Computers designed for single use are often appropriated suboptimally when used by small colocated groups working together. Our research investigates whether shareable interfaces—that are designed for more than one user to interact with-can facilitate more equitable participation in colocated group settings compared with single user displays. We present a conceptual framework that characterizes Shared Information Spaces (SISs) in terms of how they constrain and invite participation using different entry points. An experiment was conducted that compared three different SISs: a physical-digital set-up (least constrained), a multitouch tabletop (medium), and a laptop display (most constrained). Statistical analyses showed there to be little difference in participation levels between the three conditions other than a predictable lack of equity of control over the interface in the laptop condition. However, detailed qualitative analyses revealed more equitable participation took place in the physical-digital condition in terms of verbal utterances over time. Those who spoke the least contributed most to the physical design task. The findings are discussed in relation to the conceptual framework and, more generally, in terms of how to select, design, and combine different display technologies to support collaborative activities.</P>
Is HAZOP a Reliable Tool? What Improvements are Possible?
Park, Sunhwa,Rogers, William J.,Pasman, Hans J. The Korean Institute of GAS 2018 한국가스학회지 Vol.22 No.2
Despite many measures, still from time to time catastrophic events occur, even after reviewing potential scenarios with HAZID tools. Therefore, it is evident that in order to prevent such events, answering the question: "What can go wrong?" requires more enhanced HAZID tools. Recently, new system based approaches have been proposed, such as STPA (system-theoretic process analysis) and Blended Hazid, but for the time being for several reasons their availability for general use is very limited. However, by making use of available advanced software and technology, traditional HAZID tools can still be improved in degree of completeness of identifying possible hazards and in work time efficiency. The new HAZID methodology proposed here, the Data-based semi-Automatic HAZard IDentification (DAHAZID), seeks to identify possible scenarios with a semi-automated system approach. Based on the two traditional HAZID tools, Hazard Operability (HAZOP) Study and Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), the new method will minimize the limitations of each method. This will occur by means of a thorough systematic preparation before the tools are applied. Rather than depending on reading drawings to obtain connectivity information of process system equipment elements, this research is generating and presenting in prepopulated work sheets linked components together with all required information and space to note HAZID results. Next, this method can be integrated with proper guidelines regarding process safer design and hazard analysis. To examine its usefulness, the method will be applied to a case study.
Is HAZOP a Reliable Tool? What Improvements are Possible?
Sunhwa Park,William J. Rogers,Hans J. Pasman 한국가스학회 2018 한국가스학회지 Vol.22 No.2
Despite many measures, still from time to time catastrophic events occur, even after reviewing potential scenarios with HAZID tools. Therefore, it is evident that in order to prevent such events, answering the question: “What can go wrong?” requires more enhanced HAZID tools. Recently, new system based approaches have been proposed, such as STPA (system-theoretic process analysis) and Blended Hazid, but for the time being for several reasons their availability for general use is very limited. However, by making use of available advanced software and technology, traditional HAZID tools can still be improved in degree of completeness of identifying possible hazards and in work time efficiency. The new HAZID methodology proposed here, the Data-based semi-Automatic HAZard IDentification (DAHAZID), seeks to identify possible scenarios with a semi-automated system approach. Based on the two traditional HAZID tools, Hazard Operability (HAZOP) Study and Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), the new method will minimize the limitations of each method. This will occur by means of a thorough systematic preparation before the tools are applied. Rather than depending on reading drawings to obtain connectivity information of process system equipment elements, this research is generating and presenting in prepopulated work sheets linked components together with all required information and space to note HAZID results. Next, this method can be integrated with proper guidelines regarding process safer design and hazard analysis. To examine its usefulness, the method will be applied to a case study.
Application of the Fuzzy Logic for the Development of Automnomous Robot with Obstacles Deviation
Lucas Alves Dias,Roger William de Oliveira Silva,Paulo César da Silva Emanuel,André Ferrus Filho,Rodrigo Teixeira Bento 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2018 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.16 No.2
This paper proposed to elaborate a navigation system for an autonomous mobile robot, able to deviate from obstacles, from the study and application of Fuzzy Logic. With the algorithm in operation, it was verified that the Fuzzy logic offers a smoother transition in the movements. In order to validate the efficiency of the navigation system created, simulations were performed with the robot according to the rules inserted in the Fuzzy controller, where the input values of the sensors and the output values in the PWM of the board were analyzed. The results obtained were consistent with the responses given by the simulation in MatLab, following the same trend of behavior. With the realization of this project, it was concluded that the Fuzzy methodology presents a solution to the problems of navigation in real environments, allowing to implement a controller for an autonomous robot that can deflect obstacles avoiding their collision. One of the problems encountered is the angle of actuation of the ultrasonic sensors. This type of sensor works with an angle of actuation of 15◦, which leaves the robot with a low vision area in the use of three sensors. As a result, there may be no reading on objects entering zones without detection, leading to a collision with these obstacles. The responses were satisfactory, following the same trend behavior of the simulations of the Fuzzy controller.