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태연혈(太淵穴)의 유침 시간에 따른 체온 변화 -적외선체열촬영(赤外線體熱撮影)을 중심으로-
이봉효 ( Bong Hyo Lee ),이경민 ( Kyung Min Lee ),박지하 ( Ji Ha Park ),김민서 ( Min Seo Kim ),김산들 ( San Deul Kim ),박병규 ( Byeong Gyu Park ),양현동 ( Hyun Dong Yang ),예성호 ( Sung Ho Yea ),이호정 ( Ho Jung Lee ),최재원 ( Jae 경락경혈학회 2012 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.29 No.2
Objectives: This study was performed to find the desirable remaining time of needle in the acupuncture treatment. Methods: The 21 volunteers were given acupuncture at LU9 vertically and needles were remained for 2 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, respectively. The thermographic change induced by acupuncture was measured with Digital Infrared Thermographic Image at the following acupoints: LU11, LU10, LU9, LU8, LU5, LU1, and PC7. The statistical significance of thermographi change was evaluated using paired t-test and post hoc Wilcoxon test. Results: The most significant changes after acupuncture were produced when needles were remained for 10 min or 15 min. LU11, LU5, LU1, and PC7 were the point at which all of the remaining time produced significant change commonly. At LU11, the biggest change was produced when needle was remained for 15 min, while at LU5, LU1, and PC7, the biggest change was produced when needle was remained for 30 min, and the smallest change was produced when needle was remained for 10 min at all of acupoints of LU11, LU5, LU1, and PC7. The unbalance between left side and right was decreased the most largely in 15 min group. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the desirable remaining time of acupuncture needle might be 15 min.
고온 호기법을 이용한 Poly Aluminum Chloride에 의해 응집된 조류의 분해특성
양재경(Jae-Kyung Yang),최경민(Kyung- Min Choi) 유기성자원학회 1999 유기물자원화 Vol.7 No.1
공기유입속도가 2171 . m-3• min-1 이었을 경우, 고온 · 호기조를 이용하여 PAC로 응집 , 탈수된 조류의 분해 특성을 관찰한 결과 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다.10% 폐 식용유의 혼합조건이 본 연구에서 최적 조건으로 용도는 55"C 이상을 나타내었고, 수분은 55%를 일정하게 유지하였으며. COz의 농도는 최고 3.7%. 투입 탄소량의 92%가 CO2-C로 변환하였다. 적정한 폐식용유의 혼합은 미생물의 활동을 활발하게 하였지만 과도한 혼합은수분증발로건조상태로되었으며 오히려 분해 활성에 저해 영향을주었다. 처리가종료된 담체는고농도의 알루미늄이 축적되어 있으므로 별도의 처리가요구된다. The biodegradation of algae coagulated with poly aluminum chlorideCPAC) was investigated by using the thermophilic oxic process. The compositions of coagulated a1gae were 83.5% of water content. 24.6% of ash. 32% of organic carbon with in tota1 solid. respectively. In present study. food waste oil was used for the increment of ca10rie of mixtures in order to accelate the microbia1 activity. As a resu1t. the maximum temperature of mixtures was higher than 50"C when the mi피ng ratio of food oil was over 10%. However the temperature indicated the lower than 50"C when conditions of no mi잉ng with waste food 이1. and 5% of mixing ratio. Therefore. the optimum condition was 10% of the mixing ration at 217 l . m-3• min-1 of air supply rate. The conversion efficiency of carbon was highest as 92% at the optimum condition. And then water was eva1uated from imxture without accumulation at 10% of mixing ratio. The thermophilic oxic process well conducted that is good process for the treatment of waste a1gae without effluents however it has to consider the retreatment of accumu1ated aluminum in the reactor.
정재훈(Jae-Hun Jung),양지훈(Ji-Hoon Yang),송민아(Min-A Song),김성환(Sung-Hwan Kim),정재인(Jae-In Jeong),이명훈(Myeong-Hoon Lee) 한국표면공학회 2014 한국표면공학회지 Vol.47 No.4
Double layer films which consisted of aluminum(Al) and magnesium(Mg) have been prepared by e-beam deposition. The structure, alloy phase, and corrosion resistance of the prepared films were investigated before and after heat treatment. The first (bottom) layer fixed with Al, and the thickness ratio between Al and Mg layers has been changed from 1 : 1 to 5 : 1, respectively. Total thickness of Al-Mg film was fixed at 3 μm. The cold-rolled steel sheet was used as a substrate. Heat treatment was fulfilled in an nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 400℃ for 2, 3 and 10 min. Surface morphology of as-deposited Al-Mg film having Mg top layer showed plate-like structure. The morphology was not changed even after heat treatment. However, cross-sectional morphology of Al-Mg films was drastically changed after heat treatment, especially for the samples heat treated for 10 min. The morphology of as-deposited films showed columnar structure, while featureless structure of the films appeared after heat treatment. The x-ray diffraction data for as-deposited Al-Mg films showed only pure Al and Mg peaks. However, Al-Mg alloy peaks such as Al3Mg2 and Al12Mg17 appeared after heat treatment of the films. It is believed that the formation of Al-Mg alloy phase affected the structure change of Al-Mg film. It was found that the corrosion resistance of Al-Mg film was increased after heat treatment.
혐기정 소화 - 고온 호기법에 의한 유기성폐기물의 처리와 생성열의 재활용 검토
앙재경(Jae-Kyung Yang),최경민(Kyung-Min Choi) 유기성자원학회 2001 유기물자원화 Vol.9 No.1
본 연구에서는 유기성 폐기 물의 분해시 발생되는 열을 재활용하고 혐기성 소화액의 퇴비회를 위한 혐기성 소화- 고온 · 호기법 (Anaerobic Digestion-Thermophilic oxic process, ADTOP)을 고안하고, 유기물 분해와 수분의 증발 그리고 생성열의 적용성을 검토하였다. 유기성 폐기물인 중화요리 잔반은 TOP에 의해 완전처리가 가능하며, 최대 용적부하는 55kg/m3 . d, 투입된 수분은 거의 완전히 증발되었으며 탄소수지에 의한 탄소성 유기물의 이산화탄소 전환율은 90.5%이었다. 고온 혐 기성 소화를 위한 적정온도(약55 'C)를 유지하기 위한 최소용적부하는 45.0kg/m3. d이었다. 혐기성 소화조의 온도는 수리학적 체류시간이 짧아짐에 따라 지수적 온도강하를 나타내었으며 고온 혐 기성 소화를 위한 최소 HRT는 약 10 일 정도로 판단된다. 따라서 고온 · 호기법을 이용한 유기성폐기물의 처리시 발생되는 열에너지는 혐기성 소화와 같은 체류시간이 비교적 긴 공정에서 효과적일 것으로 판단된다. 혐기조의 유기물 부하 l.1kg-COD/m3• d, 고온 호기조 유기물의 투입량 50kg/m3, 공기 유입량 250ℓ/m3• min의 조건에서 혐기성 소화효율은 90 % 이상으로 나타났다.
비열 플라즈마 처리를 이용한 polystyrene, 소시지 케이싱, 그리고 훈제연어에서의 식중독균 저해
이한빛(Hahn-Bit Lee),노영은(Young-Eun Noh),양희재(Hee-Jae Yang),민세철(Sea Cheol Min) 한국식품과학회 2011 한국식품과학회지 Vol.43 No.4
PS 필름에 접종된 S. Typhimurium, E. coli 0157:H7, L. monocytogenes를 저해시킬 때 헬륨을 사용한 플라즈마 처리의 경우에는 S. Typhimurium이,헬륨과 산소를 동시에 사용한 플라즈마 처리의 경우에는 L. monocytogenes가 가장 많이 저해되었다. E coli 0157:H7과 L. monocytogenes는 헬륨과 산소를 함께 사용하여 풀라즈마 처리하였을 때 헬륨만 사용하였을 때보다 더 큰 저해를 보였다. 헬륨과 산소를 함께 사용한 비열 폴라즈마 처리는 L. monocytogenes가 소시지 케이싱이나 훈제연어에 감염되었 을 때보다 PS 필름에 감염되었을 때 L. monocytogenes를 더 효과적으로 저해시켜 감염된 재료에 따라 다른 저해 효과를 보여 주었다. 비열 폴라즈마 처리에 사용된 가스의 종류와 미생물이 감염된 재료는 그 처리의 항균 효과에 대한 평가에서 중요하게 고려되어야 할 것이다. 헬륨과 산소를 사용한 비열 플라즈마 처리는 공정 후 포장재에 감염된 L. monocytogenes를 효과적으로 저해할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. The effects of nonthermal plasma treatments against Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli 0157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes living on polystyrene (PS), sausage casings, and smoked salmon were investigated. Inoculated PS, casings, and salmon were treated with nonthermal plasma generated with helium (5 L/min) or with both helium (5 L/min) and oxygen (100 mL/min) at 60 Hz and 30 kVxm for 2, 5, or 10 min. S. Typhimurium exhibited the highest sensitivity to the helium-used treatment. The greatest reduction (3.9±0.8 log CFU/㎠) was observed with L. monocytogenes on PS after the treatment with the mixed gas for 5 min. The treatment with the mixed gas inhibited L. monocytogenes on casings and salmon by 0.5±0.3 log CFU/cm: and 1.0±0.3 log CFU g, respectively. Different treatment times did not result in different reductions of L. monocytogenes on both casings and salmon. The types of treatment gas and material of contamination need to be considered for evaluating the antimicrobial effects of nonthermal plasma treatments.
이상훈,김성주,박정환,김종성,오승훈,한진수,정인경,양태영,김동준,김광원,이문규,민용기,이명식,정재훈,함종렬 대한당뇨병학회 2000 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.2
Backgrounds: One of the main problems conditioning the outcome of islet transplantation is the ability to separate a sufficient number of viable islets with preserved function. Islet purification is critically affected by all of the isolation stages. Thus, it is necessary to set up the standard isolation method that islets are separate well from acinar without compromising islet yield and viability. Methods: Twenty three adult mongrel dogs were used for the experiment of total pancreatectomy with islet isolation. The islets were properly isolated by a modified Recordi method. The obtained islets were further purified by centrifugation on discontinuous gradients using cell separation system (Model 2991, Cobe, Lakewood Colo). We evaluated islet number (islet equivalent number, 150 um equivalents/kg of recipient body weight, IEq/kg), purity, cell volume, viabilty, recovery rate, and comparison of outcome according to the isolation conditions. Results: 1) The mean of islet numbers before purification were 13543±9431Eq/kg, digestion times were 13.8±2.6 min., digestion temperature was 37.4±0.2℃, purity was 59.7?.0%, viability was 90.0±2.1%, cell volume was 4.7±1.1 mL, islet number after purification were 4064±361 IEq/kg, and recovery rate was 29±2.9%. 2) Isolated islet numbers were different according to the degree of pancreas distension with collagenase, digestion temperature, and digestion time. 3) The best conditions for islet isolation were above 37.5℃ in temperature at recirculation of collagenase, within 12 min in digestion time and well distended pancreas with collagenase. 4) According to multiple regression adjusted by variable factors, the degree of pancreas distension with collagenase and digestion time were independently associated factors for successful islet isolation. Conclusions: In this study, we concluded that the degree of pancreas distension with collagenase and digestion time were independent factors for successful islet isolation and the best conditions for islet isolation were above 37.5℃ in temperature at recirculation of collagenase, within 12 min in digestion time and well distended pancreas with collagenase.
^40Ca(d,p)^41Ca 핵반응에서 결합채널방정식에 의한 미분단면적계산
민준기,양재춘 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1994 忠南科學硏究誌 Vol.21 No.1
Differential cross section and proton polarization have been calculated with coupled channel method in the direct reaction of low energy deuterons and ^40Ca nucleus. The polarizations of proton emitted in the reaction ^40Ca(d,p)^41Ca corresponding to the ground, 6.14 MeV and 4.19 MeV states of ^41Ca at a deuteron energy of 10.8 MeV show good agreement with experimental data. The polarizations of proton show larger in 4.19 MeV state of ^41Ca than in 6.14 MeV state of ^41Ca. Thus the polarizations of proton show spin-orbit dependence of optical potential. Differential cross sections by coupled channel method at deuteron energies of 12 MeV and 13.7 MeV show good agreements with experimental data. And the results of coupled channel calculation show better agreements with experimental data than the results of DWBA calculation at angles forward of 40°where differential cross sections are predominent. Differential cross section corresponding to the first excited state is always larger than that corresponding to the ground state. This means that when a neutron in a deuteron transfer to a nucleus, the target nucleus is in an excited state rather than in a ground state.
양승민,박재연 한국고소설학회 2004 古小說 硏究 Vol.18 No.-
그동안 학계에 알려진 <金英哲傳> 이본으로는 洪世泰(1653~1725)의 『柳下集』에 수록된 것과 단국대 나손문고 소장본(국문본) 등 2종이 있다. 그리고 『유하집』에 이 작품이 수록돼 있다 보니 자연히 그 작자를 홍세태로 간주해 왔다. 그러나 『유하집』에 전하는 『讓金英哲遺事』라는 시의 幷序로 미루어, 그 문집에 실린 <김영철전>은 홍세태에 순수 창작이 아니라 기존의 「김영철유사」라는 것을 토대로 기술했을 가능성이 높았던 것이 사실이다. 그런 가운데 최근 우리는 『유하집』 수록본과 크게 다른 한문필사본 한종을 새롭게 발견하였다. 이 필사본은 『유하집』 수록본보다 무려 5배나 긴 분량으로 이본 대조 결과 <김영철전> 원작 계열의 한 이본이었다. 『유하집』 수록본은 어떤 선행 이본을 대폭 축약한 것으로, 홍세태가 언급한 그 「김영철유사」라는 자료는 이 필사본과 거의 동일한 양태의 <김영철전>을 가리키는 것으로 보인다. 또한 일명 '김철전'이라는 국문본도 이 필사본과 거의 동일한 어떤 한문본을 번역한 것이었다. 따라서 이 원작 계열 필사본은 연구 가치가 대단히 높다. 이제 우리는 이를 새로운 연구 텍스트로 삼아야 할 것이다. KimYoungChulJeon(金英哲傳) is an unidentified novel written in Chinese language created around the late 17th century. This novel portrays the tragedy of the war that took place in East Asia at the time. The comprehensive scope of this novel includes the general joys and sorrows of the populace of the time that encountered the East Asian war as well as a commoner Kim Young-Chul's life story and his family's tragic life. Until very recently, KimYoungChulJeon has known to be written by Hong Se-Tae(洪世泰: 1653~1725). It is because the novel is collected in Hong Se-Tae's 『YuHaJib(柳下集)』. But another version of KimYoungChulJeon that is quite different from the one collected in 『YuHaJib』 has recently been discovered. This newly found version contains 19,000 words, five times longer that the one found in 『YuHaJib』 that barely contains 3,800 words. This thesis investigates the textual value of the recently discovered version in comparison with the previously known versions. The results of the study can be summarized as follows: First, the recently discovered version is a version of the original series of KimYoungChulJeon. The one collected in 『YuHaJib』 is nothing more than the abridged version of a preceded unidentified version that closely resembles this version of the original series. Second the so-called KimChulJeon(김철전) written in Korean is the translated version from a version written in Chinese that closely resembles this version of the original series. Third, the newly discovered version of the original series contains the superb literary work that you can experience from the one collected in 『YuHaJib』. Therefore, its value for study is priceless. Both versions stem from similar frames of narratives, but when it comes to details, the most vital component for the genre of novel, the difference is immense. Now that the original KimYoungChulJeon has been finally discovered, we should treat it as the valuable text for the further study.
VP-16으로 성공적으로 치료된 위 Kaposi 육종 1예
양웅석,송근암,조몽,이재승,송철수,김형욱,김영민,이수봉,김태오,이성훈 대한소화기내시경학회 1999 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.19 No.4
The skin is an uncommon site of distant metastasis from any internal malignancy, and the incidence of metastatic skin lesions as the first symptom of disease is only 0.8% in patients with all systemic malignancies. Furthermore, cutaneous metastasis from adenocarcinoma of the stomach has been found to be extremely rare. A 35-year-old female patient was admitted due to multiple cutaneous nodules in her chest, abdomen, and back. A gastroendoscopic examination and biopsy was made according to the results of skin pathologic findings. Stomach and skin biopsy results revealed a signet ring cell type of adenocarcinoma. A case of gastric adenocarcinoma in which metastatic skin nodules appeared as the first sign of disease, is here in reported with a review of related literature.
양원정;서민정;박재옥;이규혜 한양대학교 2006 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.26 No.2
Differentiated On Off line channel strategies are getting more attention due to conflicts between Off line channel and active E commerce. Choosing an appropriate channel strategy can prevent apparel products from clashing in market and manage each channel more efficiently. In fashion industry, product prices are flexible because of the short product life cycle and different distribution channels. It is essential to understand consumers’ apparel price cue perception when purchasing apparel in both On line and Off line. The objectives of this study was to examine the effects of apparel price cues on perceived savings and purchase intention in On line versus Off line retail channel. 303 quetionnaires from internet experienced women were used for the data analysis. Statistical analyses employed in this study were descriptive statistics, reliabilities conjoint analysis and regression. Overall, the perceived importance of apparel price cues were different between On line and Off line channels and each apparel price cue affected perceived savings and purchase intention differently according to distribution channels. Therefore, by considering characteristics of apparel price cue in On line versus Off line channels, differentiated channel strategies should be imposed to implement more effective marketing strategies.