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Effects of Korean Red Ginseng extract on hepatic lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells.
Lee, Mak-Soon,Kim, Chong-Tai,Kim, In-Hwan,Kim, Yangha Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2015 Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry Vol.79 No.5
<P>In this study, we investigated the effects of Korean red ginseng water extract (KRGE) on hepatic lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. KRGE decreased hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Further, KRGE suppressed expression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. These results suggest that KRGE may reduce hepatic lipid accumulation by inhibition of FAS and HMG-CoA reductase expression in HepG2 cells.</P>
(−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate Enhances Uncoupling Protein 2 Gene Expression in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
LEE, Mak-Soon,KIM, Yangha Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2009 Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry Vol.73 No.2
<P>In this study, we investigated the effects of green tea (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the mRNA level and promoter activity of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), a mitochondrial membrane transporter that regulates energy expenditure and thermogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. EGCG up-regulated the UCP2 mRNA level in a dose-dependent manner. UCP2 promoter activity was significantly stimulated by EGCG treatment, to an extent similar to that seen in mRNA expression. These results suggest that expression of UCP2 gene is directly regulated by green tea EGCG, which is mediated through the transcriptional activation of its proximal promoter.</P>
Inhibitory effects of green tea catechin on the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
Lee, Mak-Soon,Kim, Chong-Tai,Kim, In-Hwan,Kim, Yangha John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2009 Phytotherapy research Vol.23 No.8
<P>The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of green tea (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the depletion of accumulated fat in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Intracellular lipid accumulation was decreased significantly after 24 h of incubation with 10 µm EGCG, while the viability of adipocytes was reported to be unaffected. Under the same experimental conditions, the amount of glycerol released from cells into the medium was increased by 10 µm EGCG. The level of mRNA in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes was analysed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. EGCG notably increased the mRNA level of hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), which catalyses the rate-limiting stage in hydrolysis of stored triacylglycerol to monoacylglycerol and free fatty acids. In conclusion, the experiment produced results which showed that green tea EGCG effectively depleted fat accumulation via the stimulation of lipolysis and increased HSL gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. These results may relate to the mechanism by which EGCG modulates lipolysis in adipocytes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
Green tea catechin enhances cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase gene expression in HepG2 cells
Lee, Mak-Soon,Park, Ju-Yeon,Freake, Hedley,Kwun, In-Sook,Kim, Yangha Cambridge University Press 2008 The British journal of nutrition Vol.99 No.6
<P>Green tea catechins are known to have hypocholesterolaemic effects in animals and human subjects. In the present study, we investigated the effects of green tea catechins on the mRNA level and promoter activity of hepatic cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), the rate-limiting enzyme in the conversion of cholesterol to bile acids, in human hepatoma cells. Real-time PCR assays showed that different catechins, ( − )-epicatechin gallate (ECG), ( − )-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), ( − )-epigallocatechin (EGC) and ( − )-epicatechin (EC), up regulated the CYP7A1 mRNA level by 5·5-, 4·2-, 2·9- and 1·9-fold, respectively, compared with the control. The − 1312/+358 bp of the CYP7A1 promoter was subcloned into the pGL3 basic vector that includes luciferase as a reporter gene. ECG or EGCG significantly increased CYP7A1 promoter activity by 6·0- or 4·0-fold, respectively, compared with the control. Also, EGCG stimulated CYP7A1 at both mRNA level and promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that the expression of the CYP7A1 gene may be directly regulated by green tea catechins at the transcriptional level.</P>