A Facial Expression Recognition Method Using Two-Stream Convolutional Networks in Natural Scenes

( Lixin Zhao ) 한국정보처리학회 2021 Journal of information processing systems Vol.17 No.2

Aiming at the problem that complex external variables in natural scenes have a greater impact on facial expression recognition results, a facial expression recognition method based on two-stream convolutional neural network is proposed. The model introduces exponentially enhanced shared input weights before each level of convolution input, and uses soft attention mechanism modules on the space-time features of the combination of static and dynamic streams. This enables the network to autonomously find areas that are more relevant to the expression category and pay more attention to these areas. Through these means, the information of irrelevant interference areas is suppressed. In order to solve the problem of poor local robustness caused by lighting and expression changes, this paper also performs lighting preprocessing with the lighting preprocessing chain algorithm to eliminate most of the lighting effects. Experimental results on AFEW6.0 and Multi-PIE datasets show that the recognition rates of this method are 95.05% and 61.40%, respectively, which are better than other comparison methods.

清代文化专制与鸦片战争前后中国政治思想的变迁

?立新(Zhao Lixin),金昌?(Kim, Chang-Gyeong) 동북아시아문화학회 2014 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.41

The cultural despotism of the Qing Dynasty suffocated progressive ideas, corrupted the “intelligentsia”, and hampered social progress. After “the Period of Kangxi and Qianlong’s Prosperity” vanished, the corruption of the “Heaven” and western aggression became increasingly intense, some people under the rule of the Qing Dynasty and the literati class began to change their style of study, paying attention to the social problems in reality. Lin Zexu, the representative of the landlord- class reformers, turned sight to the western capitalist culture, transmitted capitalist cultural information to the Chinese people at the same time, unconsciously sounded the death knell for the feudal society in China, and became the enlightenment of new ideas in the beginning period of modern Chinese times, brought about changes in modern political thought of China.

当代东亚民族主义与国民意识的塑造

赵立新(Zhao Lixin) 동북아시아문화학회 2008 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.17

Coming with the new century, the developing politics and economy in East-Asian countries have found new balance. China is rising with each passing day, the future of the Korean Peninsula unification still remains unclear, Japan is trying to revive the dream as a super power. Furthermore, these countries are trying to grasp the hegemonies over the regional affairs, Under these circumstances, East-Asian nationalism appears as a trend of increase strongly and antagonistically. The correlation of nationalism and national consciousness determines the East-Asian countries attach more importance to the mould of national consciousness. The mould of national consciousness surely brings influences on nationalism. East-Asian countries have different methods and strategies over this issue.

中朝关系:“暧昧的同盟”还能延续吗?

?立新(Lixin Zhao) 동북아시아문화학회 2016 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.2016 No.10

After DPRK"s fourth nuclear test and the launch of the satellite, China and the United States stand on the opposite for the concrete measures of imposing sanctions on DPRK. Through repeated consultations, these two countries reached a limited “agreement” and the UN Security Council finally passed the resolution 2270 which expended sanctions against DPRK. The relations between China and DPRK raised concerns once again. As is known to all, China and DPRK established alliance relations in the form of treaty in the early 60s of last century. After the end of the cold war, the relationship between them began to fluctuate with ups and downs. And due to the continuous upgrading of the DPRK’s nuclear issue and the improvement of China-ROK relations, the China-DPRK alliance relations become “ambiguous”. In the future, under the circumstances of the game between superpowers is becoming increasingly fierce , the prospect of the unification of the Korean Peninsula is still not clear and DPRK’s nuclear program has not been stopped, China and DPRK should maintain the "alliance" relationship or turn to the normal state relations? The decisive factor depends on the nature of state interests and the essential requirement of geopolitical competition. China -DPRK ambiguous alliance is still likely to continue.

20世纪90年代以来中国网络民族主义评析

赵立新(Zhao Lixin) 동북아시아문화학회 2011 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.27

Since late 1990s of the 20th century, the network of nationalism (web nationalism or e nationalism) has been rising rapidly in China, bringing a huge impact to its neighbors and the world. In defining the national interests and national dignity, network nationalism is also fission of the international community’s stereotype about China and its people. Network nationalism in China has a profound basis of national identity. Its functions, features, and orientitions, along with its special relationship with the political reality in China, have determined some far reaching implications in its diplomatic relations with the world. How network nationalism in China will develop in the future is a serious issue of great concern.

基督教在中国的传播及其对洪秀全政治思想的影响

趙立新(Lixin Zhao) 동북아시아문화학회 2015 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.43

With the failure of the Opium War, the signing of the Treaty of Nanjing and a series of unequal treaties, had brought the huge national disaster for China people. The invasion of capitalism destroyed China’s traditional social economic structure, Chinese society had a large number of bankrupted refugee team. At the same time, the Western Christian forces spread widely in China, especially in the southeast coastal area. Early Christian thought advocated the spirit of resistance, the concept of equality and it believed the whole world are brotherhood. The thought was fitted with the suffering Chinese people, especially meeting the political need of the bankrupted refugee team. Through transforming and localizindg the Western Christianity, it affected the Hong Xiuquan to “resolutely abandoned the imperial examination, to preach the gospel”, and he made the thought himself as the ideological weapon for Chinese farmers in modern revolutionary struggle.

Highly stable N-doped carbon dots as the sensitive probe for the detection of Fe3+

Zhao Youjun,Yu Lixin,Deng Yakun,Peng Kangliang,Huang Shuai 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.50 No.-

The nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) are facilely fabricated by a one-step hydrothermal strategy using citric acid and o-phenylenediamine as start ingredient. The as-synthesized NCDs with a high quantum yield of 38.63% at 370 nm excitation maintain significant fluorescence stability in various complex environments, indicating that NCDs have the possibility of application in harsh environments. Moreover, after adding the Fe3+ to this as-synthesized NCDs, the emission intensity at 446 nm is remarkably reduced and exhibits line-dependent relationship in the range of 0.5–90 μM with a detection limit of 0.37 μM. Meanwhile, the fluorescence lifetime and absorption characteristics are compared respectively, and Stern-Volmer is calculated. These results illustrate that the quenched fluorescence is attributed to the synergistic effect of internal filtration effect (IFE) and static quenching. Moreover, this carbon-based sensing material has elevated efficiency in detecting Fe3+ in practical samples, implying that the sensing probe provides a fast and accurate new technique for the detection of Fe3+.

DDAB-MODIFIED TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) NANOPARTICLES AS ORAL ANTICANCER DRUG CARRIER FOR LUNG CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY

TIEJUN ZHAO,HEZHONG CHEN,LIXIN YANG,HAI JIN,ZHIGANG LI,LIN HAN,FANGLIN LU,ZHIYUN XU 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2013 NANO Vol.8 No.2

Oral chemotherapy is a great way to cancer treatment because it is less stressful being that the patient will have less hospital visits and can still maintain a close relationship with health care professionals. In this research, three types of nanoparticle formulation from commercial PCL and self-synthesized TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) diblock copolymer were fabricated for oral delivery of antitumor agents, including DDAB-modified PCL nanoparticles, unmodified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles and DDAB-modified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles. Firstly, the TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) diblock copolymer was synthesized and characterized. DDAB was adopted to increase retention time at the cell surface, thus increasing the chances of nanoparticle uptake by the gastrointestinal mucosa and improving drug absorption. The TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles were found by FESEM of spherical shape and around 200 nm in diameter. The surface charge of TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles was reversed from anionic to cationic after DDAB modification. The DDAB-modified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles have significantly higher level of the cell uptake than that of DDAB-modified PCL nanoparticles and unmodified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles. In vitro cell viability studies showed advantages of the DDAB-modified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticles over Taxotere® in terms of cytotoxicity against A549 cells. In conclusion, oral chemotherapy by DDAB-modified TPGS-b-(PCL-ran-PGA) nanoparticle formulation may provide a promising outcome for lung cancer patients.

Complete Mitochondrial Genome Sequences of Chinese Indigenous Sheep with Different Tail Types and an Analysis of Phylogenetic Evolution in Domestic Sheep

Fan, Hongying,Zhao, Fuping,Zhu, Caiye,Li, Fadi,Liu, Jidong,Zhang, Li,Wei, Caihong,Du, Lixin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.5

China has a long history of sheep (Ovis aries [O. aries]) breeding and an abundance of sheep genetic resources. Knowledge of the complete O. aries mitogenome should facilitate the study of the evolutionary history of the species. Therefore, the complete mitogenome of O. aries was sequenced and annotated. In order to characterize the mitogenomes of 3 Chinese sheep breeds (Altay sheep [AL], Shandong large-tailed sheep [SD], and small-tailed Hulun Buir sheep [sHL]), 19 sets of primers were employed to amplify contiguous, overlapping segments of the complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence of each breed. The sizes of the complete mitochondrial genomes of the sHL, AL, and SD breeds were 16,617 bp, 16,613 bp, and 16,613 bp, respectively. The mitochondrial genomes were deposited in the GenBank database with accession numbers KP702285 (AL sheep), KP981378 (SD sheep), and KP981380 (sHL sheep) respectively. The organization of the 3 analyzed sheep mitochondrial genomes was similar, with each consisting of 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes (12S rRNA and 16S rRNA), 13 protein-coding genes, and 1 control region (D-loop). The NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 (ND6) and 8 tRNA genes were encoded on the light strand, whereas the rest of the mitochondrial genes were encoded on the heavy strand. The nucleotide skewness of the coding strands of the 3 analyzed mitogenomes was biased toward A and T. We constructed a phylogenetic tree using the complete mitogenomes of each type of sheep to allow us to understand the genetic relationships between Chinese breeds of O. aries and those developed and utilized in other countries. Our findings provide important information regarding the O. aries mitogenome and the evolutionary history of O. aries inside and outside China. In addition, our results provide a foundation for further exploration of the taxonomic status of O. aries.

Development of Toxoplasma gondii Chinese I genotype Wh6 Strain in Cat Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Gui-Hua Zhao,Lixin Zhang,Lisha Dai,Haozhi Xu,Chao Xu,Ting Xiao,Jin Li,Hui Sun,Beibei Zhou,Kun Yin 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.60 No.4

Felids are the unique definitive host of Toxoplasma gondii. The intestine of felid is the only site for initiating Toxoplasma gondii sexual reproduction. T. gondii excretes millions of infectious oocysts from the intestine, which are the primary source of infection. There are many difficulties in developing vaccines and drugs to control oocyst excretion due to the lack of an appropriate experimental model. Here, we established an in vitro feline intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) infection system and an efficient animal model of T. gondii Chinese 1 genotype, Wh6 strain (TgCtwh6). The Kunming mice brain tissues containing TgCtwh6 cysts were harvested 42-day post-infection. The bradyzoites were co-cultured with cat IECs in vitro at a ratio of 1:10. Five 3-month-old domestic cats were orally inoculated with 600 cysts each. The oocysts were detected by daily observation of cat feces by microscopy and polymerase chain reaction. We found that the parasite adhered and invaded cat IECs in vitro, transformed into tachyzoites, and then divided to form rose-like structures. These parasites eventually destroyed host cells, escaped, and finished the asexual reproduction process. Schizonts associated with sexual reproduction have not been observed during development in vitro cultured cells. However, schizonts were detected in all infected cat intestinal epithelial cells, and oocysts were presented in all cat feces. Our study provides a feasible cell model and an efficient infection system for the following studies of T. gondii sexual reproduction, and also lays a foundation to develop drugs and vaccines for blocking excretion and transmission of oocysts.