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Dirleise Colle,Leticia Priscilla Arantes,Priscila Gubert,Soˆnia Cristina Almeida da Luz,Margareth Linde Athayde,Joa˜o Batista Teixeira ocha,Fe´lix Alexandre Antunes Soares 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.6
Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity has been related to several cases of hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatic transplant. As APAP hepatotoxicity is related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and excessive oxidative stress,natural antioxidant compounds have been tested as an alternative therapy to diminish the hepatic dysfunction induced by APAP. Taraxacum officinale Weber (Family Asteraceae), commonly known as dandelion, is used for medicinal purposes because of its choleretic, diuretic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. This study evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of T. officinale leaf extract against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. T. officinale was able to decrease thiobarbituric acid–reactive substance levels induced by 200 mg/kg APAP (p.o.), as well as prevent the decrease in sulfhydryl levels caused by APAP treatment. Furthermore, histopathological alterations, as well as the increased levels of serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferases caused by APAP, were prevented by T. officinale (0.1 and 0.5 mg/mL). In addition, T. officinale extract also demonstrated antioxidant activity in vitro, as well as scavenger activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and nitric oxide radicals. Our results clearly demonstrate the hepatoprotective effect of T. officinale against the toxicity induced by APAP. The possible mechanisms involved include its scavenger activities against ROS and reactive nitrogen species, which are attributed to the content of phenolic compounds in the extract.
An optimized index for cold tolerance assessment in rice during germination and early seedling stage
Monzón Daisy Leticia Ramirez,Cantero Jorge,Danielowski Rodrigo,da Luz Viviane Kopp,Venske Eduardo,Mota Monalize Salete,da Silva Raissa Martins,de Oliveira Victoria Freitas,de Oliveira Antonio Costa,de 한국작물학회 2023 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.26 No.2
Cold tolerance at germination and seedling stage is one of the most seeked traits in Southern Brazilian rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, thus, the availability of improved methods for germplasm assessment is of high importance for breeding programs. The aim of this study was to validate an optimized Average Tolerance Index (ATI) for rice germplasm assessment under cold at germination and early seedling stage. A diverse panel composed by 124 rice accessions was assayed. Four genotypes with known performance under cold were used as controls (two tolerant and two sensitive). The genotypes were sown in roll papers, and evaluated at 13 °C for 28 days (cold stress) and 25 °C for seven days (control). Four traits were measured, germination percentage, coleoptile length, root length and shoot length, which were converted in terms of relative perfor‑ mance (cold/control). A PCA analysis was carried out. The ATI was calculated as a linear combination of all trait’s relative performance, weighted by the importance of each trait in explaining the genetic variability in the set, through including the PC1 vectors as trait coefcients. K means was applied for genotype classifcation. The panel showed expressive genetic variability for performance under low temperature. The ATI successfully distinguished the controls regarding their cold tolerance and allowed the formation of four classes of genotypes, sensitive, moderately sensitive, moderately tolerant and tolerant. The assessment of rice germplasm for cold tolerance at germination and seedling stage through ATI is a viable alternative for the identifcation of tolerant genotypes.