人體와 Racket 움직임의 生體力學的 分析 : Tennis Forehand Flat, Slice, Drive, Volley를 중심으로

서국웅 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1991 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

The purpose of this study is to give some help to the beginners and instructors understanding the importance and biomechanics of forehand flat stroke, slice stroke, drive stroke and volley and physicological change of muscles at this time. To carry out this study, one man was selected as subject, who is skilled amateur player. And many pictures of the subject attached E.M.G. wer taken with 16㎜ high speed camera(250fps) and they were analyzed with a film motion analyzer on the phase of backswing, forewaedswing and followthrow. As results, this research showed follow: 1. Extending the knee joint of the right(left) leg, one transfers weight to the left(right) leg for the greater torque as soon as all the motions of the forehand stroke's flat, slice and drive was impacted. 2. The backswing or the follow through of the forehand slice stroke was shown shorter than the forehand flat and drive stroke. 3. When the motion of the follow through was performed, the knee joint of the rotational axis should be moved in a state of nonextention right after impact, and the flextion of the elbow joint and the extention of the knee joint should be slowly performed at the last of the followthrough. 4. E.M.G. oscillation of the forehand drive stroke was shown higher than one of the forehand flat and slice stroke, and E.M.G. oscillation of the volley motion was long continued. 5. It was shown that there were more opportunity to have tennis elbow because there was greater muscle fatigue of arm in forehand drive stroke than forehand flat and slice stroke.

음성의 특성이론과 소음 환경에서의 Intelligibility에 관한 연구

서국웅,강영택 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1996 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

This study was to determine the type of spoken material that can be heard best in a noisy environment There were 6 subjects of graduate school students of P. university. Intelligibility were three different types of tests to measure intelligibility in a noisy environment. We needed a radio and desks. The radio located behind them about 12 inches from the back of their head. 1. The length of the word influnced its Intelligibility by the longer the word, the more readily it is correctly identified. 2. The listener is able to identify a long word by hearing portion of it, particularly familiar, highly probable word, whereas missing one syllable of a short word is more likely to prevent the identification of the entire word. 3. Influencing the Intelligibility of speech in noise is the context in which the words are heard. 4. Situations may arise with a noise level so greut that Certain speech sounds may be confused. 5. We have to make good biomechanical listening environment for Intelligibility in a noisy environment. 6. We can prevent a noisy environment to use earplug and to getrid of noisy material

중량물 운반시 하지 근육의 근전도 분석

서국웅,이훈식,정미라 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

This study is to find out the most suitable models of load carriage and to provide fundamental data for preventing usual injuries. To do this, we select five male graduates and five female graduates of P university, analyze their amplitude chages of electromyographic signals in front carring task, measure the limit value of load carriage by comparing each levels(5kg, 10kg, 15kkg, 25kg) with action amplitudes of four parts of both lower limb muscle. 1. In case of 5kg ·10kg ·15kg carriage, males have higher muscular conductivity value of lower limb than females. 2. In case of 20kg ·25kg carriage, females have higher muscular conductivity value of lower limb than males. 3. Injury would often occurred when permission load value of females in over 15kg carriage.

부산 체육 행정(단체조직 및 법령) 실태 및 활성화 방안

서국웅,양점홍,권오륜,이정화 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1996 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

As seen above, in order to provide the measures to promote the physical fitness in Pusan, which would help build a city of health and sports in the 21st century, the field physical fitness was divided into areas of elite fitness and ordinary fitness for the purpose of studying the status of the Pusan physical fitness administration. The following conclusion was drawn for the two areas. 1) The area of elite fitness a) Increased awareness of officials in the area of physical fitness that are in line with the local autonomous government system. b) Pursuit of incorporating the associations of city and province into a corporation. c) Election of officials to fill the vacant positions and aggressive investment in facility and finance. d) Reenforcement of personnel for the officials in the office and providing measures for heightening the morale of the personnel(trainning and rotations of important positions). e) Efforts to host international and national sports events -> A festival format by incorporating the ordinary fitness. f) Creation of a Mecca for water sports. 2) The area of ordinary fitness a) Attracting policy interest in ordinary fitness using the mass media -> utilization of local broadcasting service and newspapers. b) Integration of sponsoring organization for ordinary fitness. c) Securement of professionals in the field and specialization of work. d) Cooperation in opening the fitness facilities to the public and more attention to the activities of voluntary sports groups. e) Creation of linkage and cooperation with school fitness and elite fitness in sports being sponsored. f) Promotion of water sports.

들기자세 유형별 L₄-L?의 근전도 분석 : At the Base Knee Angle 무릎각도를 중심으로

서국웅,노석규,윤양진,정미라,이훈식,박승범 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

This research is to find out the most suitable lifting posture and to provide fundamental data for preventing usual injuries. To do this, we select five male graduates and five female graduates of P university, analyze their muscular actions in terms of posture types, measure the limit value of weight lifting by comparing each lifting posture type(knee angle 40˚, 80˚, 180˚) with action amplitudes of two parts of erector spinae muscle, and draw our conclusion as follow ; 1. In case of every lifting posture(that is, knee angle 40˚, 80˚, 180˚), females have higher muscular conductivity value in L⁴-L? of right erector spinae muscle than males(p<.001), but in L⁴-L? of left erector spinae males has higher muscular conductivity value than females(p<.001). 2. Males show lower degree of change in muscular conductivity value from 10kg to 25kg weight lifting. 3. Females show gradually increasing degree of change in muscular conductivity value according as weight lifting is heavier. 4. Males show the constant muscular conductivity action of average 50∼110㎶ in the L⁴-L? in case of each lifting posture, knee angle 40˚, 80˚, and 180˚. 5. Females also show the constant muscular conductivity action of average 100∼200㎶ in the L⁴-L? in case of each lifting posture, knee angle 40˚, 80˚, and 180˚. But they show more active muscular conductivity in more than 15kg weight lifting, IOSHIC permission load value. In short, in case of males, weight lifting up to 25kg has little effect on erector spinae muscle but in case of females, weight lifting from more than 15kg has gradual effect on erector spinae muscle. Therefore, the muscular conductivity values of various posture types(by knee angle)are to be identified according to weight lifting steps.

에어로빅 댄스 Kick 동작의 운동역학적 분석

서국웅,이훈식,윤양진,정미라,박승범 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1998 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

The purpose of this study is to investigate the front and side Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force's of Knee-up, long-kick and high-kick, the effect of them speed rate on Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force, and the damage factor caused by them, and to provide useful data for ordinary people or athlete aerobic programs. The result of this study is as follows ; 1. Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force is not significant between the front and the side. 2. Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force is significant between differences of speed rate. 3. Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force, speed and direction being equal, is significant according to the motion types: knee-up, long-kick and high-kick. 4. The possibility of causing damage is the highest when Maximum Vertical Ground Reaction Force is more than 20BW/sec. 5. High-kick, which needs quick and heavy motion, is considered not be fit for beginners. 6. Load-rate must be lowered by choosing adequate speed rate and motion type, and even in the career of skilled athletes, enough exercise and muscle strength training of legs are necessary in doing aerobic.

효과적인 하중운반체계의 동역학적 연구

서국웅,양점홍,윤양진,황영성,이중숙,김용재,유경복 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1994 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

The purpose of this study was to get the quantitative data of effect of two different load carrying system on Kinematics and Kinetics. The subjects for the research were 2-adults. The mechanism of each load carrying pattern was measured by a motion analylizer, a forceplatform and EMG system. The conclusions were get from Kinematics variables and Kinetics variables. 1. It was not effected at the vertical reaction force(Fz) of left, right foot according to the big value the 1st peack of 10kg, 15kg fore, back-pack carrying system, 20 kgw, 30 kgw back-pack carrying system in walking. But it was effected at the vertical reaction force(Fz) on 30 kgw back-pack carrying system in walking. 2. It was not effected at the Anterior-Posterior reaction force(Fx) of left, right foot according to high value of the 1st peack on 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore, back-pack carrying in walking. But, it was effected on the 20 kgw, 30 kgw only back-pack carrying in walking. 3. It was effected at the left-right reaction force(Fy) of left-right foot according to the big value of the 2nd peak on 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking. It was more effective than 20 kgw, 30 kgw back-pack carrying system in walking. There was not disorder force(Fx) on 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking. 4. Analysis of computer graphic, on the pack carrying system in walking. It was efficient in 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking. But, it was efficient on 20 kgw, 30 kgw backpack carrying in walking. Castrocnemius, Tibialis anterior, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, are stressed to bend their body foreward. So it occurred fatigue fast, injured muscles and joints. 5. Extension anyles and flection angles of the knee joint and the hip joint on 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking showed less than those on 20 kgw, 30 kgw backpack carrying system in walking. It was efficient on the 10 kgw, 15 kgw fore-backpack carrying system in walking. 6. Magnitudes of EMG of Castrocnemius, Tibialis anterior, Vastus lateralis, Vastus medialis, were increased according to increasing weight road and were decreased on the 20 kgw, 30 kgw back-pack carrying system in walking.

신발유형별 보행동작의 운동역학적 동작분석

서국웅,윤양진,김용재,이훈식,유경복 부산대학교 사범대학 1995 교사교육연구 Vol.30 No.-

The purpose of this study was to prepare some useful data for the prevention of injury caused by shoes when female was walking. Kinematic variables were analyzed with the aid of the visual materials filmed with a 16mm high speed camera, such as angular changes of joints, displacement, velocity, and momentum of the center of body gravity. The subjects for the research were normal 4 female high school students: The analytic results of the mechanism of each locomotion pattern were as follows: 1. It is desirable Kinematically that the dispersion of power should not be caused in the movement of lower-legs by keeping natural flexion and extension of joint. 2. Too much vertical displacement of the center of body gravity was thought undesirable because it caused the dispersion of power against the moving direction. To get some propulsion in the moving direction, it was efficient to use as much energy as possible from 8 F-F support phase to the toe-off. And also the center of body gravity was moved by the inertia just after toe-off. 3. The correct walking motion occurred when the walker moved their hip joint or knee joint gently with their upper body upright and their eyes looking around. 4. In order to lengthen the stride it was essential to practice intensively the flexion of the hip joint, extension of knee and plantar flexion of ankle joint. 5. It was proved that in race walking, they could get much greater propulsion from the flexion of the ankle joint than from the hip joint or the knee joint. It was, therefore, very important to train walkers so that the initial planter flexion of the ankle joint might occur from 6 F-F of the supporting phase. 6. The flexion of the ankle joint produced the added propulsion in the moving direction but the excessive flexion increased energy consumption and caused strain on the ankle joint because it dispersed power in moving the center of body gravity. 7. It was desirable to narrow the ankle of the flexion of the hip and knee joints because it could speed up revolutions per minute of the lower limb through lessening the inertia of the revolutions. The angle made by knee joint was desirable for getting the greatest propulsion in the moving direction. 8. High heel was lower than barefoot or jogging shoes in the displacement of the center of body gravity. This result showed that the displacement of the center of body gravity was made safe by lowering the flexion and extension of knee joint.

100M 競技의 2000년대 記錄推定에 관한 硏究

徐國雄,南基喆,尹良津 부산대학교 사범대학 1991 교사교육연구 Vol.22 No.-

This study compared and analyzed the time-records between two books that is, the best new world record book issued by I.A.A.F and the track and field record book issued by A.T.F.S by using the regression and ratio-increasing method. Two books consist of the world records and the annual world records, respectively. This study aims to predict how the 2000-year world record and the annual world record would be changed. Based on the analysis, time recorded of 2000 year 100m race would be predicted as follows; 1. Men's world record was estimated to 9.68 seconds (regression method), and 9.66 seconds (ratio-increasing method). And annual world record was estimated to 9.75 seconds (regression method), and to 9.74 seconds (ratio-increasing method), respectively. 2. Women's world record was estimated to 10.34 seconds (regression method) and 10.14 seconds (ratio-increasing method). And annual world record was estimated to 10.43 seconds (regression method), and 10.11 seconds (ratio-increasing method), respectively.

전문 런닝화 개발을 위한 런닝화 화형 분석 : 2000년 런닝화를 중심으로

서국웅,윤양진,박승범,김용재 부산대학교 체육과학연구소 2000 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

This study was designed to investigate the problem of the existing Running Standard Last for the Male adult and to suggest some useful information for the better design development and construction of running shoes last. The subjects for this study are based on 4 male adults who had the running pattern of rearfoot strike with normal feet. 51 separate measurements of four lasts of running shoe with N, R, AD, AS brand were tested using a 3-mentional measurement. Four running shoes and a barefoot were measured using a pressure distribution measurement. The findings of the study were as follows 1) The N running shoes last was larger than those for R, AD and AS the standard in the 8 items. The AS running shoes last was larger than those of N, R, AD last in the 8 items. The R's last was the biggest in short heel girth and long heel girth. The AD's last was the biggest in seat length and firth toe height 2) In the regional peak pressure of the running sheos, the barefoot and brand running shoes showed the biggest pressure distribution in the hallux, There were the slightest pressure in the medial midfoot and lateral midfoot. 3) The instance of regional peak pressure, the barefoot and the running shoes showed earlier peak pressure for the lateral heel. It was barely possible to measure pressure distribution in medial midfoot. 4) In the light of time percentage of peak pressure distribution measurement in each mask, N running shoes showed the longest time in medial heel, lateral heel, medial midfoot, lateral metatarsal and lateal toes, AD running shoes showed the longest in first metatarsal, second metatarsal and hallux, R running, the longest in second toes. 5) In the maximum force for pressure distribution, barefeet showed the biggest pressure distribution in second metatarsal and R, AD running shoes the biggest in first metatarsal, respectively. 6) In the time of peak pressure distribution measurement, barefeet quickly showed peak pressure distribution in the lateral midfoot. Simultaneously, N. R, AD and AS's running shoes showed peak pressure distribution with barefeet. 7) In the characteristic of the new last's model, bottom length resulted in 276.00mm, stick length 283.29mm, 70% ball mirth 255.12mm, bottom width 91.21mm, toe thickness 30.00mm.