Gender-related Differences in Management of Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation in an Asian Population

Lee, Jung Myung,Kim, Tae-Hoon,Cha, Myung-Jin,Park, Junbeom,Park, Jin-Kyu,Kang, Ki-Woon,Shim, Jaemin,Uhm, Jae-Sun,Kim, Jun,Park, Hyung Wook,Lee, Young Soo,Choi, Eue-Keun,Kim, Chang-Soo,Joung, Boyoung,K The Korean Society of Cardiology 2018 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.48 No.6

<P><B>Background and Objectives</B></P><P>Gender-related differences in health care utilization for atrial fibrillation (AF) are increasingly recognized. However, large cohort data for examining gender-related differences in AF are lacking in Asian populations.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>The Registry for Comparison Study of Drugs for Symptom Control and Complication Prevention of AF (CODE-AF Registry) is a prospective observational cohort-study that enrolled participants at 10 tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Baseline characteristics retrieved from the CODE-AF Registry were analyzed.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>A total of 6,274 patients were recruited (mean age 67±11 years, mean CHA<SUB>2</SUB>DS<SUB>2</SUB>-VASc score 2.7±1.7, 63% male, 65% paroxysmal AF) from June 2016 to April 2017. Women underwent less electric cardioversion (12.3% vs. 19.6%, p<0.001), less radiofrequency ablation (12.4% vs. 17.9%, p<0.001), and less antiarrhythmic drug therapy (44.7% vs. 49.5%, p<0.001), despite having more severe symptoms (symptom class III or IV, 45.8% vs. 37.5%, p<0.001). Among patients with a CHA<SUB>2</SUB>DS<SUB>2</SUB>-VA score of 2 or more, a slightly higher proportion of women were taking oral anticoagulants than men (85.7% vs. 81.9%, p=0.002), and non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) use was more prevalent in women than men (70.4% vs. 62.3%, p<0.001). Insufficient NOAC dosing was very common, more so in women than men (61.5% vs. 56.3%, p<0.001).</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Female patients with AF were treated more conservatively and rhythm control strategies were used less frequently than in males, even though the female patients with AF had more severe symptoms. While insufficient NOAC dosing was common in both sex, it was significantly more frequent in women.</P>

흰쥐에서 paraquat독성에 미치는 tumor necrosis factor-α의 영향

차종희,박정수,양성훈,박재윤,이병래 조선대학교 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.2

Background : The toxicity of paraquat is due to the oxygen-derived radicals formed by the reaction of oxygen with bipyridylium radical cations. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α induces the synthesis of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and other protective proteins in a variety of tumor cells and these protein contribute to a protect tumor cells from free radical injury. In this study, the effects of TNF-α on paraquat-induced toxicity were investigated in rats. Methods : Experimental animal used was Sprague-Dawley male rat, body weight 150-200g. The paraquat toxicity was determined by survival rate. The SOD, catalse, and glutathione peroxidase(GSHPx) activity were spectrophtomerically determined by Crapo method, Aebi method and Flohe method, respectively. Results : The survival rate of paraquat-intoxicated rats was decreased by subctaneous injection of TNF-α. However, the survival rate of paraquat injected rats were increased by pretreatment of TNF-α, comparing to saline pretreatment. The liver SOD activity was increased significantly by TNF-α treatment, but kidney and lung enzyme was unaltered in TNF-α treated-rats, comparing to normal control rats. The increment of liver SOD activity by TNF-α treatment was dose- and time-dependant SOD activity of kidney and lung of rats were not changed by TNF-α injection. The activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase and contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) in liver were not changed by TNF-α treatment. Conclusion : From these result, TNF-α potentiate paraquat toxicity in rats but TNF-α pretreatment reduce paraquat induced toxicity. Protective effect may be resulted from the increased liver SOD activities by TNF-α.

체육수업에서 아동의 집단적·협력적 활동평가를 위한 형성적 평가표 작성방법에 관한 연구

차정훈,안길영,배귀영 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.5

A new formative evaluation instrument focusing on students' interactive and cooperative behaviors in physical education class was developed, Three hundred and sixty-four Japanese elementary students in the sixth grade participating in 12 PE classes answered to questionnaire consisting of 3D items with 3-point intensity scale. Item analysis canceled 9 items and factor analysis of 21 items based on promax rotation revealed 5 factors, which were named Cooperative achievement, Cooperative thinking, Positive interaction with teammates, Human relations hip in the group, and Motive for cooperative activities. This scale was condensed into 10 items typical of each factor by an applicable selection and had similar factorial simple with consistent reliability (alpha=.75). We could confirm that the average score of this scale had increased through out a "Karada-Hogushi no Undo" unit including six sessions in the sixth grade's PE class (Repeated Measures ANOVA; p<.05) and agreed with "task appropriateness" for students. This scale may be viewed as an useful instrument for assessment and improvement of PE class intending students to interact with one another.

포도 뿌리혹병 방제를 위한 길항균 선발

박광훈,김정희,차재순 충북대학교 한국과학재단 지정 첨단원예기술개발 연구센터 2002 연구보고서 Vol.6 No.-

Previous study showed that crown gall disease is very severe on the tetraploid cultivars of grape. One of the promising control measures of the disease is biological control using a antagonist against pathogen, Agrobacterium vitis. Total 215 bacteria and 21 putative agrobacteria were isolated from galls of grapevine and a Korean wild grape, Vitis amurensis respectively. Antagonistic ability of the isolates was checked by growth inhibition test of pathogens, A. tumefaciens and A. vitis on agar and on tamato seedling by co-inoculation of the isolates and pathogen. Two selected antagonists, isolate 197 and Va 21 strongly suppressed gall formation of A. vitis K306 on grapevine when they were co-inoculated with pathogen K306. Both gall size and rate of gall formation were significantly lower on grapevines inoculated of 197-K306(9:1) or Va 21-K306(9:1) mixture than on them inoculated of just K306. Antagonistic ability of the two isolates was similar to F2/5, which is known as a strongest antagonist against A. vitis so far. Further field study for biological control of crown gall disease on grapevine by the two isolates is needed.

어린이에서 함치성 낭과 연관된 매복 소구치와 대구치의 치료

신차욱,김영재,김정욱,장기택,이상훈,김종철,한세현 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.4

치아 매복은 어린이 환자 진료시에 자주 관찰되는 맹출 장애이다. 어린 환자에서 매복된 치아가 존재하는 경우,함치성 낭과 연관이 있을 가능성이 높다. 함치성 낭은 제3대구치를 제외하고는 상악 견치,하악 소구치 부위에서 가장 호발하며,점진적인 증식으로 악골이 팽윤되어 안모를 변화시키며,주위 악골의 파괴와 치근의 흡수를 야기하거나 침범된 치아의 변위를 유발할 수 있으므로,조기 진단과 적절한 치료가 무엇보다도 중요하다. 함치성 낭과 연관된 치아가 과잉치나 지치라면,치아의 발거를 포함한 완전한 낭종 적출술이 적절한 치료라 할 수 있지만,그렇지 않은 경우에는 환자의 심리적,정선적 외상을 예방하기 위해 원인 치아의 보존이 고려되어야 할 것이다. 이뿐만 아니라,치아의 변위 정도,골 파괴 정도,치근의 성숙도,주위 치아와의 관계,환자의 교합과 구강 악안면 영역의 성장 양상 등도 같이 고려되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. 본 증례에서는 위와 같은 사항들을 고려하여,함치성 낭과 연관된 매복 소구치와 대구치블 낭종 적출술 후 공간 유지,외과적 수술과 교정적 견인,외과작 발거 후 교정적 배열 등의 방법을 통해 양호한 치료 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다. Tooth impaction is a frequently observed eruption anomaly in pediatric dental practice. Young patients with impacted or unerupted teeth have more prediction for dentigerous cyst formation. Dentigerous cyst presents radiographic features. unilocular or multilocular radioluscency. Cysts occur most frequently in the premolar region except third molar. Dentigerous cysts can grow to a considerable size, and large cysts may be associated with a painless expansion of the bone in the involved area. Extensive lesions may result in facial asymmetry, osseous destruction, root resorption of proximal teeth and displacement of associated tooth. The nature of the causative tooth influences the type of surgical treatrnent required for the dentigerous cyst. If the cyst is associated with a supernumerary or wisdom tooth. complete enucleation of the cyst along with extraction of tooth may be the first treatment choice. Otherwise. preservation of the associated teeth should be considered to prevent a young patient from psychological and mental trauma because of the loss of tooth. We should consider the degree of tooth displacement. osseous destruction and growth pattern of oromaxillofacial area when planning treatment. Thus a proper and logical treatment planning can help a proper growth and development of oromaxillofacial area and can save the patient from a psychological and mental trauma. This report describes 4 cases of the management of impacted premolars and molars associated with dentigerous cysts in children.

STS304와 S15C 이종마찰압접부의 접합계면 응력해석

오정국,차용훈,성백섭,박창언,김하식,김충환 한국공작기계학회 2002 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Friction welding has many merits such as energy efficiency, simple processing, etc. but it is difficult to obtain good welding at the welded interfaces and heat affected zone. It is discovered that stress singularity exists at the interfaces and heat affected zone. The computer program based on boundary element method is utilized in this study. A mathematical model is implemented based on results from several experiments performed at and around the welded interfaces and heat affected zone of disimilar metal under static and dynamic loadings. This study is to investigate the characteristics of the deformation and fracture behavior around interfaces for friction welded materials under static tensile load. Also, the stress distribution at the tip of crack is analyzed by using BEM based on Kelvin's solution of 2-dimensional binding zone. The results of BEM are identical with those in case of considering interfaces of both heat affected zone. Also, stress singularity at the tip of interfaces appears when the elastic modulus ration is 1.07.

STS304와 SM15C 마찰압점시 계면근방의 균열거동

오정국,차용훈,성백섭 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2001 機械技術硏究 Vol.4 No.1

This study is to investigate the characteristic of the deformation and fracture behavior around interface for friction welded materials under static tensile load. Also, the stress distribution at the tip of crack is analyzed by using BEM based on Kelvin's solution to 2-dimensional binding zone after modeling the crack produced during tensile test for friction welded materials.

RC 프레임면내 조적채움벽의 내진성능 평가에 관한 실험적 연구

이정한,차승렬,강대언,오상훈,이용재,이원호,김상대 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1(구조계)

The objectives of this study are 1) to find out the shear behavior and shear capacity of RC bare frames, brick-infilled RC frames, 2) to evaluate the equation of the shear capacity of two types of RC frames by comparison the Japanese Standard and modified equation adopting the test results. The main variable is the absence of brick infill wall. The test results show that the shear capacity of specimen IF-4.2 is 2.3 times as high as that of the specimen IF-4.2.The shear behavior of RC bare frame which is governed by predominant flexural yielding is changed to predominant shear yielding by affection of the brick infill wall. A comparison of the results obtained by the Japanese Standard equation and the modified equation to the test data indicates that the proposed equation is compatible with the test results.

동계 난방시 구조체 축열 공조시스템의 축·방열 특성에 관한 연구

임지훈,이시환,차영호,정광섭,이정재 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1

It is the plan that storage gets energy done by in structure with what thermal storage of structure changes only supply air duct among the existing HVAC system, and a basic principle coordinates the damper that it was installed makeup air in supply air duct like former HVAC system to an inside at supply and a night by day, and do makeup air supply with in ceiling space of thermal storage of structure HVAC system. This thermal storage of structure HVAC system uses the existing utility system, and energy saving can get structure of building done with energy storage, before air conditioning and peak load cut getting day heat load done.

방과 후 감각통합프로그램(감각통합치료)이 학교에서의 기능적 과제 수행에 미치는 효과

박지훈,이은정,노종수,이향숙,차정진 대한감각통합치료학회 2010 대한감각통합치료학회지 Vol.8 No.1

Objective : This study is designed to identify effect of a sensory integration(SI) program provided to elementary school students as an after-school activity. The study is looking at both occupational performance components and school-task performance which is an area of occupational performance. Methods : SI program specially designed as an after-school activity was provided to three boys who are first- or second grade students of Y elementary school in Dae-Jeon city. The SI intervention was organized with 25 sessions and carried out for two months. One group pretest-posttest design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the SI program. Measurements used are Short Sensory Profile(SSP), K-DTVP-2, and BOTMP for occupational performance components, and School Function Assessment for functional schooltask performance. Results : It is found that posttest scores were enhanced in all assessments SSP; BOTMP; K-DTVP-2; and SFA. Conclusion : Results of this study simply propose that sensory integration program designed as after-school activity may have positive effects on not only occupational performance components but also on school-task performance of elementary school student. Since sample size is too small, however, there is limitation to find statistical significance. Further researches testing large number of subjects are required to boost the finding of this study. 목적 : 본 연구는 학교 방과 후 활동으로 감각통합치료를 제공하였을 때 작업수행요소와 더불어 작업수행영역인 학교에서의 기능적 과제수행에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 연구 방법 : 실험은 대전 Y초등학교에 재학 중인 1-2학년 아동 3명을 대상으로 방과 후 활동 시간에 감각통합치료를 제공하였으며, 중재는 2010년 5월과 6월에 걸쳐 총 25회를 제공하였다. 감각통합치료효과를 알아보기 위해 단일집단 사전-사후 설계(one group pretest-posttest design)를 사용하였고, 작업수행요소에서의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 단축감각프로파일(SSP), 한국판 시지각 발달검사(K-DTVP-2), Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency 1(BOTMP)를 사용하였으며, 작업수행영역에서의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 학교에서의 기능적과제 수행능력에 대한 평가(School Function Assessment)를 사용하였다. 결과 : 방과 후 감각통합프로그램(감각통합치료)을 적용한 결과 대상아동들은 작업수행요소인 단축감각력(SSP), BOTMP, 한국판 시지각 발달검사(K-DTVP-2)의 수치상 향상을 보였으며, 작업수행영역인 학교에서의 기능적 과제 수행(SFA)의 점수에서도 향상을 보였다. 결론 : 본 연구를 통해 방과 후 감각통합프로그램(감각통합치료)이 작업수행요소와 학교에서의 기능적 과제수행에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 것을 보여주었지만, 대상의 수가 적어 통계적 유의성을 찾는 데는 한계가 있었다. 따라서 향후 연구에서는 대상자의 수를 고려한 연구들이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.